Preliminarily genetic characterizations of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease mongolian gerbil / 中国比较医学杂志

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become one of the major metabolic diseases.In view of the defects of traditional animal models, this study was the first to establish the NAFLD model of Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) with simple feed formula which is similar to human (from simple fatty liver to steatohepatitis, fibrosis,Liver cirrhosis).This study discussed the mechanism of rapid fatty liver deposition in Mongolian gerbil, revealed its molecular mechanism,main regulatory target and network function of fatty liver susceptibility.We provide a new animal model of NAFLD with relatively clear background and less time-consuming for clinical treatment and new drug development.The theoretical and practical basis for the breeding of inbred strain NAFLD gerbil was established.

Effect of drinking water at different pH on intestinal microbial diversity in SPF mice evaluated by high throughput sequencing / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To study the effect of drinking water at different pH on intestinal microbial diversity in SPF mice.Methods Ninety 21-day-old SPF mice were randomly divided into three groups: drinking acidified water (pH 3.0), neutral water (pH 7.0) and alkaline water (pH 9.0), respectively, for 3 months, 30 mice in each group.10 mice were sacrificed at the end of 4, 8 and 12 weeks in each group.Bacteria, virus and parasites in serum were detected according to the national standard for SPF.Then, primer sequences were designed according to the conservativeness of bacteria 16S rRNA, and libraries were constructed.Subsequently, the ileocecal contents were subjected to high-throughput sequencing (Illumina).10 G data were obtained and analyzed.Results The sequencing results revealed that the intestinal microbial abundance of the mice receiving pH 3.0 drinking water was moderate with a high stability.Conclusions Under the conditions of large-scale breeding, the mice receiving pH 3.0 drinking water can maintain the intestinal microbial diversity for a long time, and reach a stable platform.This study provides theoretical and technical support for the stable long-term maintenance of animal quality production.It is also a specific application of gastrointestinal macrogenomics in animal quality control.

Metagenome and detection of animal microbial pathogens / 中国比较医学杂志

Metagenomics ( metagenome) obtained all the microorganisms genome in specific biological environment from DNA samples directly from soil, water and skin, body cavity of human and animals.The metagenomic library was constructed by cloning them into alternative host cells using the vector, which is a discipline of screening new active substances and new genes by high-throughput sequencing.Therefore,using metagenomics not only can effectively detect the composition of microbial community of specific environment,but also greatly expanded the utilize the space of the microbial resources, developed of the next sequencing, enriched the content of bioinformatics. Based on the advantages of metagenomics,we summarized the major advances of metagenomics in human and animal pathogenic microorganisms in recent years,which might be used for the investigation and analysis of microbial pathogens of laboratory animal, animal epidemic monitoring and diagnosis of biological safety.

Histological characteristics of musculus longissimus dorsi and their correlation with restriction fragment length polymorphism of the myogenin gene in Jinghua×Pietrain F(2) crossbred pigs.

PCR-RFLP, periodic acid Schiff (PAS) and myosin heavy chain (MHC) immunohistochemistry were employed to survey the relationships between the genotypes of the myogenin gene (myog) and the histological characteristics of the muscle and other postmortem traits in the Jinghua×Pietrain (JP) F(2) crossbred pigs. The muscle fibers were classified into three groups according to their PAS-reactivity: PAS(-), PAS(+∼++), and PAS(+++) and accounted for approximately 16%, 74% and 10% of the total muscle, respectively. MHC immunohistochemistry was used to categorize muscle fibers into either slow or fast fibers; the proportions of slow and fast fibers were 6% and 94%, respectively. Two different cleavage patterns and three genotypes (AA, AB and BB) were identified and their frequencies were 0.4087, 0.4986 and 0.0928, respectively, for the three genotypes and 0.6580 and 0.3420, respectively, for cleavage patterns A and B. Different genotypes were variably associated with cross-sectional area (p=0.074), water-holding capacity (p=0.002), pH (p<0.001) and carcass temperature (p<0.001) of the loin muscle. Different genotypes showed marked correlation with the L value (p<0.001), a value (p=0.002), and b (p<0.001) of the Minolta meat color index. The genotypes were also significantly related to the cross-sectional area (p<0.001), diameter (p<0.001), aspect ratio (p<0.001) and the density (p<0.001) of muscle fibers from the longissimus dorsi muscle. The results also revealed that the genotypes showed no significant association with the circularity (p=0.132) or the percentage of intramuscular connective tissue (p=0.193).