RESUMO
Introduction: The problem of infertility is experienced as a crisis or major life stressor with potentially serious negative effects on the couple's relationship and preparation toward the parenthood. According to Sharlip et al., it has been estimated that about 15% of couple would have trouble in conception, and at present, 48.5 million couples experience infertility globally. To decrease the stress among parents to be and to promote healthy parenting for bringing out healthy parent-child relationships, an intervention of Parent Education Program was planned and executed. A study was conducted with the aim to assess the effectiveness of parental preparedness package (PPP) on physical health among couple conceived with artificial reproductive techniques (ART). Materials and Methods: The study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of PPP in fifty couples conceived with ART at Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana. Quantitative approach was used to collect the data of couples by doing pre- and postinterventional assessment of physical health of couple using the Structured Physical Health Assessment Scale. Analysis was done with the help of descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The study revealed that mean score of physical health of couple (both husband and wife) increased significantly after the intervention which infers the effectiveness of PPP (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Our study concludes that PPP should be incorporated in the antenatal care protocol in all couples who conceive using ART.
RESUMO
Background and objective Epilepsy is a chronic neurological condition that, both physically and psychologically, puts a person at risk for poor quality of life (QOL). People with epilepsy (PWE) may experience shame, fear, and rejection and feel discriminated against, hence avoiding social interactions. To avoid being labeled as having epilepsy, patients may conceal their disease and refuse medical attention, which can lead to treatment discontinuation and significantly impact the quality of life. Epilepsy care in India has fallen back on primary care physicians because there are not enough neurologists available to treat the condition. Home-based care (HBC) may overcome many barriers by providing free antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), eliminating the "distance to a health facility," and providing correct information that may improve QOL. This study is therefore conducted to compare the QOL between people with epilepsy receiving home-based care (HBC) and routine clinic-based care (CBC). Methodology The people with epilepsy enrolled in this study were already part of a community-based randomized controlled trial conducted to compare the effect of regular home-based epilepsy care with routine clinic-based epilepsy care on antiepileptic adherence among urban and peri-urban areas of Ludhiana, Punjab, India (explained further in the study). The present study is a cohort study where the two cohorts, one receiving home-based epilepsy care (n = 97) and the other receiving routine clinic-based epilepsy care (n = 76), were compared for QOL at two points in time, i.e., at baseline (at enrolment) and after 24 months of receiving epilepsy care, using the European Quality of Life Five-Dimension Three-Level (EQ-5D-3L) scale. Results The mean EQ-5D-3L index scores for the HBC group at baseline were 0.88 ± 0.15, and after 24 months, the scores increased to 0.94 ± 0.17. The baseline mean index scores for the CBC group were 0.89 ± 0.21, and after 24 months, the value increased to 0.90 ± 0.19. The mean difference in QOL in the HBC group showed a higher difference than in the CBC group (0.06 ± 0.1 versus 0.01 ± 0.1), but the difference was found to be statistically not significant (p = 0.067). As per the five dimensions of the EQ-5D-3L scale, i.e., mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression, there was a decrease in the number of PWE reporting problems among both groups after 24 months of epilepsy care. Sociodemographic and clinical variables such as level of education, working status, age at the onset of seizures, frequency of seizures, treatment regimen, presence of comorbidities, and adverse drug reactions significantly affect the QOL of people with epilepsy at p < 0.05. Conclusion The results of the study emphasize that epilepsy has a negative impact on QOL. The results showed a higher QOL among the people in the HBC group as compared to the CBC group, but the difference was not statistically significant. There was an improvement in QOL from baseline after dedicated care in both groups. The problems related to mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression have been significantly reduced in the HBC group. Having low levels of education, not having a job, starting to have seizures at a young age, having seizures more often, receiving more than one type of treatment, and the presence of other health problems and side effects are factors associated with poor QOL among people with epilepsy.
RESUMO
Background of the Study: In adolescence various physical and psychological changes, impact their overall perception that leads to either satisfaction or dissatisfaction with body image. Adolescents can suffer from body image dissatisfaction. Counselling sessions, video and documentaries can be used to improve the body image concerns. So, this study aims to evaluate the impact of interventional package on the body image perception and self-esteem among adolescents. Materials and Methods: The sampling technique used to enrol 65 adolescents was simple random. Body image was assessed in the form of affective and behavioural body image perception. Two different structured scales were used to assess affective and behavioural body image perception. Pre-test was conducted to assess the body image perception among adolescents; then, documentary was shown in the form of intervention 1 and the post-test 1 was taken, again booklet was distributed as intervention 2 and post-test -2 was taken. Results: A statistically significant improvement in the satisfaction with weight, height, complexion, hair, teeth, buttocks, thigh and moustache, after the use of interventional package. In behavioural perception of body image, no significant association was found in pre-test, post-test 1 and 2, there is statistically significant improvement in self-esteem of adolescents, as P = 0.03. Conclusion: Interventional package in the form of documentary and booklet is useful in improving body image perception among adolescents. Significant improvement was seen in perception related to certain body parts.
