Investigating the impact of air pollution in selected African developing countries.

Air pollution is a major challenge faced by most countries due to the continuous quest of industrialization leading to a high pollution, which Africa is not an exception. Nowadays countries are trying to regulate their carbon emission by transitioning from traditional methods to modern technologies. However, measures to reduce environmental pollution due to carbon emissions and PM2.5 do not receive rational attention and represent a serious threat to the continent. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of the adoption of green innovation technologies on carbon and particulate matter (PM2.5) emission reduction in some of the most polluted African countries and its effect on the economic growth from 2000 to 2019. We based on cross-sectional dependency analysis, unit root test, and other robust tests for the data analysis since they are best fit and accurate for the data interpretation. The short- and long-term CS-ARDL empirical evidence showed a negative and significant impact of the adoption of green energy technology innovation on carbon and particulate matter emissions, implying that the adoption of green energy technology significantly reduces the emission of carbon and PM2.5 emissions. However, the results show that the use of non-renewable energies has a negative effect on environmental sustainability since it increases carbon and particle matter emissions. There is a need for the selected African countries to efficiently adopt ecofriendly technologies to reduce their carbon and PM2.5 emissions and take advantage of natural resources such as the constant sunny weather to implement the installation of solar panels as a source of energy and other technologies. Various recommendations have been made to effectively reduce CO2 and particulate matter emissions; future studies should be conducted on the implementation of the recommended policies.

Revitalization of Chinese's manufacturing industry under the carbon neutral goal.

Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, the manufacturing industry has been crucial for economic growth. China's manufacturing activity began after China approved and opened legal reform to the rest of the world in 1978. There are usually three stages of development, including the catch-up period. At the same time, they reflect the private economic sector, manufacturing, and foreign exchange industries, and the opening up to the international markets. This advancement comes along with high energy consumption, leading to a high rate of pollution. Therefore, this study provides a detailed overview of the "Made in China 2025" pilot target and implementations of policies to achieve a carbon-neutral goal. We assessed the efficiency of implementing policies in the Chinese manufacturing sector and recommended decision-making policies to achieve the "Made in China 2025" plan and the 2030 carbon-neutral goal. The Quantitative Strategic Programming Matrix (QSPM) and SWOT analysis matrix were used to put forward some development strategies to transform and upgrade China's manufacturing industry by combining relevant strategic theories. This study is significant in terms of energy-saving and carbon emission-reducing policy implementations for the Chinese manufacturing industry. In addition, we suggested some measures to achieve a sustainable environment in line with carbon-neutral policies.

Clinical characteristics of acute myeloid leukemia patients with NPM1 and FLT3-ITD mutations / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and efficacy of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with NPM1 and FLT3 mutations.Methods NPM1 and FLT3 mutations were detected in 67 patients with newly diagnosed AML by PCR-capillary electrophoresis.The relationship was analyzed between the mutations and efficacy.Results The incidence of NPM1 mutation was 10.4％ (7/67) in total AML patients and 26.1％ (6/23) in normal karyotypes AML patients.The incidence of FLT3-ITD mutation was 10.4％ (7/67) in total AML patients and 17.4％ (4/23) in normal karyotypes AML patients.The characteristics of 60 NPM1 wild type patients vs that of 7 NPMl mutation patients was as follow,platelet count (BPC) (54× 109/L vs.27.5 × 109/L,P ＜ 0.01),proportion of AML-M5 (57.1％ vs.27.3％,P ＜ 0.01),incidence of CD34+ (28.6％ vs.63.3％,P＜0.01),normal karyotypes (85.7％ vs.28.3％,P＜0.01),cases with particular fusion gene (0 vs.48.3％,P ＜ 0.01),incidence of FLt3-1TD-mutations positive (28.6％ vs.8.3％,P ＜ 0.01),and the differences were significant (P＜0.01).No statistic difference was found in white blood cell(WBC) counts,percentage of blasts in bone marrow,sex,median age and complete remission rate between the two groups (P ＞0.05).The WBC counts (26.9 × 109/L vs.8.1 × 109/L,P =0.013),percentage of blastsin in bone marrow (90％ vs.76％,P=0.014) in the FLT3-ITD mutationg positive patients were clearly higher than those in the FLT3-ITD negative patients.If not associated with FLT3-ITD mutations,mutant NPM1 appears to identify patients with improved response toward treatment.Conclusion It is necessary to detect NPM1 mutation and FLT3-ITD mutation in newly diagnosed AML patients,especially in patients with normal karyotype,which might help to molecular classification and treatment.

Effect of glucocorticoid inhaled on bone metabolism, bone density and adrenal function in children with asthma / 中国康复理论与实践

@# ObjectiveTo explore the effect of glucocorticoid inhaled on bone metabolism, bone density and adrenal function in children with asthma.Methods60 children were randomly divided into the treatment group and control group with 30 cases in each group, and having 30 pneumonia children as another control. Children of the treatment group were treated with budesonide (200～600 μg/d) inhaled, asthma cases in the control group without budesonide inhaled. Bone metabolism, bone density and adrenal function of children in three groups were compared.ResultsAfter 18 months treatment, there were no significantly differences of bone metabolism, bone density and adrenal function among children of three groups (P>0.05).ConclusionThe treatment of glucocorticoid inhaled is safe to asthma children.

Experience of micro-laparoscopic ventriculo-peritoneal shunt / 中国微创外科杂志

Objective To summarize the experience of ventriculo-peritoneal (V-P) shunt under micro-laparoscope for the treatment of hydrocephalus. Methods Twenty-eight patients with hydrocephalus were treated by V-P shunt under micro-laparoscope from November 2000 to May 2004. An infraumbilical trocar was placed through a 5 mm incision to introduce the operating laparoscope. Under laparoscopic visualization, a 3 mm trocar was introduced into the abdominal cavity along the right side of the ligamentum teres hepatis through an incision just to the right of the xiphoid process. A 1.5 mm subcutaneous incision at the corresponding site of the diaphragmatic surface of the liver on the right anterior axillary line was made and through it a sewing needle with 4-gauge unabsorbable silk suture was delivered into. A grasping forceps was inserted through the xiphoid port into the abdominal cavity to carry the two sides of the suture out. The V-P tubing was fixed in the interspace between the liver and the diaphragm by the ligation from the outside, and then was tunneled to the head. Results All the operations were successfully accomplished. The operation time for iutraabdominal tube placement was 5~10 min.All the patients experienced complete alleviation of symptoms of intracranial hypertension postoperatively. No surgical complications occurred.Follow-up check-ups for 6~36 months(mean,12 months) in 25 patients found no tube obstruction. Conclusions Ventriculo-peritoneal shunt under micro-laparoscope has the advantages of minimal invasion, precise positioning, excellent visualization and rapid recovery, being a safe and feasible method which is worthy of recommendation.