RESUMO
BACKGROUND: To assess the efficacy and safety of individualised dose optimisation of irinotecan monotherapy as salvage treatment for advanced gastric cancer (AGC). METHODS: A total of 43 patients were enrolled. Intravenous irinotecan (350 mg m(-2)) was administered every 3 weeks. The dose was increased (425 mg m(-2) and 500 mg m(-2)) or decreased (250 mg m(-2)) depending on patient tolerance. UGT1A1 genotypes were determined by direct sequencing of genomic DNA extracted from peripheral blood. RESULTS: A total of 183 cycles of irinotecan were administered, with a median of four cycles per patient. The overall response rate was 9.3%, and the disease control rate was 62.8%. Median time to disease progression was 2.8 months, and median overall survival was 8.0 months. Grade 3-4 neutropenia was the most common toxicity (53.5%), and febrile neutropenia was the least common toxicity (4.6%). Compared with defective allele groups, UGT1A1 *1/*1 was associated with a lower incidence of grade 3-4 neutropenia during the first cycle (P=0.018). CONCLUSION: Individualised irinotecan dose escalation based on patient tolerance was not associated with increased toxicity and shows modest activity as salvage chemotherapy for AGC. The role of UGT1A1 genotype in clinical toxicity requires further evaluation.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/administração & dosagem , Camptotecina/análogos & derivados , Glucuronosiltransferase/genética , Terapia de Salvação , Neoplasias Gástricas/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/efeitos adversos , Camptotecina/administração & dosagem , Camptotecina/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Genótipo , Humanos , Irinotecano , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/mortalidadeRESUMO
Polarization splitters that use an asymmetric branching waveguide and can be fabricated along the Z axis as well as the X axis of LiNbO(3) are proposed and demonstrated. In these devices, two polarization states are converted to two different spatial modes, and these modes are split by the asymmetric branching waveguide. The extinction ratios of the two polarization splitters are shown to be less than -12 dB.
RESUMO
The theory of an unconstrained single deblurring filter is developed considering the effect of the higher-order terms. It is based on the interference pattern of the Fourier transform of the blurred point spread function (PSF) h and the doubly blurred PSF hD = h * h, * being the convolution symbol. Deblurring results of transverse sinusoidal motion blurred images obtained by using the present theory and the filter are presented.
