[Blepharoplasty after tumor ("cancer eye") removal from the eyes of cattle]. / Zur Lidplastik nach Tumorexstirpation ("Cancer eye") im Bereich des Auges beim Rind.

A literature review of surgical techniques used for resection of periocular tumors with conservation of the eyelid is accompanied by a report of the author's personal experience with blepharoplasty in cattle. Included are 13 cases of Fleckvieh cows with squamous cell carcinoma. Five animals were without tumor recurrence after an average time of 10.7 months, while seven animals with recurrence of the neoplasm had mean survival time of 10.6 months. Those five cows had been slaughtered for unrelated problems, the others because of recurrence of the ocular tumor. One patient was slaughtered five days after surgery because of complications of wound healing.

["Cancer eye" in German spotted cattle. Occurrence, treatment methods and results]. / Augenkrebs ("Cancer eye") beim Deutschen Höhenfleckvieh. Vorkommen, Behandlungsverfahren und -ergebnisse.

Incidence, therapy and outcome of bovine ocular squamous cell carcinoma are reported on the basis of 128 cases seen in Fleckvieh cows over a period of 15 years. Of the cases observed, 112 were treated surgically. Of 70 patients checked between 6 and 31 months post op. 56 (80%) remained tumor free. Prerequisites of successful treatment of periocular neoplasms include early recognition, preferably in early stages, and immediate removal.

Demonstration of glycocalyx in the sweat gland.

Skin specimens were taken without any anaesthesia from four volunteers before and after a 1 hour's exposure to heat. No glycocalyx could be demonstrated in the resting gland, but it usually appeared, however, after one hour of thermal sweating--although not in all the sections. The possible implication of this phenomenon is briefly discussed and new problems outlined.

The behaviour of some enzymes in the mouse liver due to chronic benzene intoxication.

1. Long trem benzene action brings about a permanent decrease in oxidoreductive enzymes and active transport as well as an inactivation of the lysosomal apparatus in liver-cells. 2. Particular liver lobule zones show different sensitivity to toxic action of benzene which might result from their different role in the processes of benzene biotransformation.

Histochemical and histoenzymatic changes in mouse liver in subacute benzene intoxication.

The investigations were performed on mice. They were divided into a control group and 4 experimental groups. The experimental animals were administered intraperitoneally benzene 6 X every 24 h. The animals were decapitated 30 min. 4, 12 and 24 h after the last benzene administration. During the experiment, dyeing for neutral lipids and glycogen was carried out, and the activity of NADH2-r.t., SDH, G-6-Pase, ATP-ase and ACP was estimated. A decrease of glycogen content in liver cells, deviations in the amount of neutral lipids, reversible decrease of mitochondrial enzymes activity, and intensification of the processes of intracellular catabolism were found.

Ultrastructural changes in the lungs after chronic experimental intoxication with benzine and ethyline vapour.

In the group of rabbits chronically intoxicated with petrol vapour slight changes in the dust cells of lungs in the form of cytoplasmic vacuolisation and accumulation of collagen almost completely disappeared 3 months after intoxication. Changes in animals intoxicated with ethyline were much more severe. Besides the accumulation of collagen, appearance of elastin areas, cytolysosomes, changes in the nucleus, widening of ergastoplasm, swelling and cristolysis of mitochondria were observed. Three months after intoxication the decrease of previously observed changes was noted.

Ultrastructural changes in the liver following chronic experimental intoxication with benzine and ethyline vapour.

The livers of two groups of rabbits exposed to longer lasting intoxication, one with benzine vapours and the other one with ethyline vapours, were subjected to examination in an electron microscope twice; immediately after the completion of intoxication and then 3 months later. In both groups there were found: dilatation of the perinuclear spaces, a symptom of nucleolus segregation, dilatation of the ergastoplasm, features of cristolysis of mitochondria and the absence of glycogen. These changes were more intensive in the animals intoxicated with ethyline. 3 months after the completion of the process of petrol intoxication the following was observed: persistence of the majority of the changes as well as accumulation of glycogen and hypertrophy of the smooth endoplasmatic reticulum. These changes were more intensified in animals intoxicated with ethyline.

Quantitative determination of acid phosphatase activity detected in tissue sections according to the Burstone method.

Quantitative determination of the activity of acid phosphatase detected in tissue sections using Burstone's method. The experiment was performed on inbred rats. A reaction for AcP according to Burstone was made in liver sections, incubation time was fixed experimentally. The material obtained from each animal was divided into 3 parts. One of them was used for enzymatic estimations, the 2nd for planimetry of sections, and the 3rd was eluted by N,N-dimethylformanid, and the obtained coloured product was subjected to spectrophotometric analysis at the Spectrophotometer Unicam SP 8000 B. Homogeneity of the coloured product eluted from the sections as well as its identity with the coloured product obtained during the reaction with a preparation of crystalline acid phosphatase was found. Repeatability of the obtained activity for the inbred animals was shown. The obtained results were subjected to statistical analysis. The method of quantitative estimation of AcP activity may be useful in histoenzymatic works.

The effect of 35SO2 binding by ammonia on sulfur incorporation into rat tissues.

Sulfur metabolism was traced in experimental investigations on rats, and the importance of the method of sulfur dioxide neutralized by ammonia was estimated. The animals were exposed to 35SO2 by means of inhalation, and radioactivity in several organs at different periods of exposure was traced. Apart from that, autoradiographic investigations were carried out in order to show the incorporation of radioactive sulfur into particular elements of the cell in different tissues. Elimination of isotope with urine and feces at different periods of time after exposure was also determined. It was found that the use of ammonia to neutralize sulfur dioxide in the air decreased the amount of sulfur which could enter the organism as a result of breathing air contaminated by SO2.

[Effect of phenobarbital stimulation on morphological and cytoenzymatic changes in the liver of benzene intoxicated rats (author's transl)]. / Morphologische und cytoenzymatische Untersuchungen der mit Phenobarbital stimulierten Rattenleber bei experimenteller Benzolvergiftung

The experiments were carried out on male Wistar-Rats. They were divided into 2 groups. The rats of the control groups were treated to Phenobarbital intraperitoneally for 3 consecutive days. The animals of the experimental group were additionaly injected with Benzen intraperitoneally on the 4th day of experiment. It has been found that Phenobarbital brought about the formation of 2 types of bright and dark cells in the liver. The action of Phenobarbital is carried on by Benzene. The authors discuss morphological and functional evaluation of bright and dark cells from the point of view of stimulating action of Phenobarbital as well as the course of Benzene biotransformation in liver cells.

The dynamics of histoenzymatic changes in the kidney in acute poisoning with benzene.

The experiments were carried out in mice which were divided into 4 experimental groups and a control group. In the course of the experiment SD, NADH2-tetrazolium reductase; ATP-ase, G-6-P-ase and AP were observed. It was found that acute benzene intoxication causes the disturbances in the enzymatic activities of the cells of the main segment of the nephron. The impairment of tissue respiration and oxygen phosphorylation and of active transport is due to benzene intoxication. Benzene leads to injury of the endoplasmatic reticulum in the cells of the kidney.

Histoenzymatic changes in the dog kidney in an experimentally induced crushing injury of the thorax.

The experiments were carried out on dogs. Experimental animals were subjected to the trauma of the thorax during operation. The localization and activity of succinic dehydrogenase, NADH2-tetrazole reductase, adenosine triphosphatase, alkaline and acid phosphates in the kidneys were examined. An increase of the activity of all the investigated enzymes takes place under the influence of the stress. On the basis of the investigations it can be supposed that the processes of oxygen phosphorylation and active transport are intensified. An increase of the activity of acid phosphates gives evidence of the intensity of phagocytosis and pinocytosis processes in the kidney.

The effect of 5-fluorouracil on the mitotic cycle and DNA synthesis in the epithelium of mouse small intestine.

The examinations were performed on 42 mice of the Porton strain. The experimental animals were injected intraperitoneally with the dose of 75 mg of 5-fluorouracil per kg body weight. The first experimental group received injections of [3H]thymidine within 48 hours and the second group within 96 hours of the injection of 5-fluorouracil. Two mice from each group were killed at within 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 hours of the [3H]thymidine injection. Calculations of the mitotic index and time of duration of individual phases of the mitotic cycle in epithelial cells of the small intestine were based on application of the autoradiographic method. These studies lead to the conclusion that 5-fluorouracil disturbs the course of metabolic processes in the cell, which are also related with the distribution of the genetic material. Histological examinations show that 5-fluorouracil produces profound morphological changes in the intestine, which affect both the intestinal epithelium and the connective tissue stroma. The autoradiographic tests revealed a considerable suppression of the mitotic activity of the epithelium of intestinal crypts. Moreover, it was shown that 5-fluorouracil inhibits the mitotic activity of the intestinal epithelium by diminishing the number of cells capable of entering into mitosis. Nevertheless, by 96 hours following introduction of a single dose of 5-fluorouracil normal morphological structure and mitotic activity of the intestinal wall cells are restored.