Audience Response to COVID Monologues: Research-Based Theater on the Societal Impact of COVID-19.

PURPOSE: Research-based theater uses drama to communicate research findings to audiences beyond those that typically read peer-reviewed journals. We applied research-based theater to translate qualitative research findings on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on different segments of U.S. society. APPROACH: Theater artists and public health researchers collaborated to create a collection of eight monologues from systematically sourced, peer-reviewed publications. Following three virtual performances in Spring, 2021, audience members were invited to complete a survey. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS: Audience survey respondents (n = 120) were mostly U.S.-based and were diverse in terms of age, race/ethnicity, gender, profession, and experience attending theater. METHOD: We summarized closed-ended responses and explored patterns by demographic characteristics. We synthesized themes of open-ended responses with inductive coding. RESULTS: Audience members somewhat/strongly agreed that COVID Monologues increased their knowledge (79.4%), represented the reality of the U.S. COVID-19 epidemic (95.7%), and offered new perspectives on what people had been experiencing (87.5%). Most also agreed research-based theater is an effective means of understanding health research (93.5%) and can promote community resilience in times of public health crisis (83.2%). Mann-Whitney U tests suggested less positive reactions from demographics that were not well-represented in monologue characters (cisgender men, Hispanics). Qualitative comments suggested audience members valued monologues that offered self-reflection and validation of their own COVID-19 experiences through relatable characters as well as those that offered insight into the experiences of people different from themselves. CONCLUSION: This work adds to evidence that research-based theater can help build knowledge and emotional insight around a public health issue. As these elements are foundational to pro-social, preventative health behaviors, research-based theater may have a useful role in promoting collective response to public health crises like COVID-19. Our method of systematically-sourcing research for theater-based dissemination could be extended to target more specific audiences with actionable behaviors.

Crystal structure of the F87W/Y96F/V247L mutant of cytochrome P-450cam with 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene bound and further protein engineering for the oxidation of pentachlorobenzene and hexachlorobenzene.

We reported previously that the F87W/Y96F/V247L mutant of cytochrome P-450cam (CYP101) from Pseudomonas putida catalyzed the rapid oxidation of lightly chlorinated benzenes, but pentachlorobenzene oxidation was slow (Jones, J. P., O'Hare, E. J., and Wong, L. L. (2001) Eur. J. Biochem. 268, 1460-1467). In the present work, we determined the crystal structure of this mutant with bound 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene. The substrate was bound to crystallographically independent CYP101 molecules in at least three different orientations, which were distinguished by the angle between the benzene ring and the porphyrin, and one orientation contained an Fe-Cl interaction. In another orientation, the substrate was almost parallel to the heme, with a C-H bond closest to the iron. The enzyme/substrate contacts suggested that the L244A mutation should promote the binding of pentachlorobenzene and hexachlorobenzene by creating space to accommodate the extra chlorines. The F87W/Y96F/L244A/V247L mutant thus designed was found to oxidize pentachlorobenzene at a rate of 82.5 nmol (nmol CYP101)(-1) min(-1), 45 times faster than the F87W/Y96F/V247L parent mutant. The rate of hexachlorobenzene oxidation was increased 200-fold, to 2.0 min(-1). Both substrates are oxidized to pentachlorophenol, which is degraded by micro-organisms. In principle, the F87W/Y96F/L244A/V247L mutant could have applications in the bioremediation of polychlorinated benzenes.