The Use of Potassium Iodide in Pediatric Dentistry Does Not Change the Retention of Glass Ionomer Cement on a Dentin Treated with Silver Fluoride: In Vitro Results.

In pediatric and operative dentistry, caries treatment benefits from a therapeutic option based on the use of silver fluoride (AgF) associated with potassium iodide (KI) to avoid dark colorations on dental tissues. The objective of this in vitro study is to evaluate the retention of glass ionomer cement (GIC) on a dentin when treated with AgF and KI. Twenty-two healthy human permanent molars and eight human primary teeth, all free of any decay, were cut to obtain occlusal flat dentinal surfaces and were then treated with AgF for a duration of 60 s. For half of the teeth, a drop of KI was applied for a duration of 30 s. All samples were covered with a plot of GIC and their resistance to shear bond strength was measured. The fracture resistance in both permanent and primary teeth does not show any statistically significant differences whether KI was applied or not. For permanent teeth, the resistance is slightly higher in the group treated with KI than in the group treated with AgF alone. To our knowledge, these data are the first to describe the possible application of KI both on primary and permanent teeth. In any case, further studies are needed to investigate the bond strength between dentin and GIC on a wider range of samples.

The use of PEEK as an occlusal splint in a patient with histaminosis: A case report.

Poly-(etheretherketone) (PEEK) began to be used in the field of odontology more than 10 years ago, especially in relation to the creation of removable partial dentures. Here we report the case of a 62 years old woman diagnosed with histamine intolerance (or histaminosis), who presented a very particular set of oral symptoms. She described a certain tingling, burning, and swelling of the mucous membranes. These symptoms seem to be linked with the wearing of a resin occlusal splint which was initially prescribed to compensate for the absence of a meniscus in the left temporomandibular joint of the patient. After a multidisciplinary concertation, it was decided to create a new splint with a resin-free material. For this reason, the production of a PEEK prosthesis was considered. Following the installation of the occlusal splint in the patient, and after clinical adjustments, she described the occlusion positioning as correct and a disappearance of the symptomatology. Mechanically, PEEK seems to have higher mechanical resistance than PMMA. Despite these characteristics, the use of PEEK still presents some limitations, especially concerning the overall aesthetic. Additionally, the prescription of the occlusal splint seems to be limited to patients who need special care. The case presented here thus confirms a new perspective concerning the use of PEEK as an occlusal splint.

Survival of directly placed ormocer-based restorative materials: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.

OBJECTIVES: In-vitro experiments on ormocers (ORganically MOdified CERamics) have provided controversial results. Consequently, the objectives of this meta-analysis were to (1) compare clinical performances of first generation ormocers versus conventional composite restorations, (2) explore the influence of various clinical factors and the impact of the quality of studies on published results. METHODS: The following databases were explored until 2017/01/08: Ovid MEDLINE In-Process, Pubmed, CENTRAL, HTA, DARE, LILACS and Google Scholar. Studies of more than two years with quantitative comparisons between ormocers and control groups were selected. Outcome was the failure of a restoration (need to repair, remove or replace). Multivariate random-effects Poisson's regression was used to obtain a summary estimate. RESULTS: 75% of the 8 included trials concerned Class I/II restorations. Although non-significant, the global failures were higher for ormocers (0.22 [-0.16; 0.61]). For Class I/II restorations, a significantly higher sensitivity was observed for ormocer-based materials compared to other composites (0.75 [0.01; 1.50]). An increase of the number of restorations per patient was associated with higher marginal adaptation failures for ormocers in Class I/II obturations (0.59 [0.11; 1.08]). SIGNIFICANCE: This study did not identify clear advantages of using the first generation of ormocer-based fillings rather than conventional composites. Given the recent development of new, dimethacrylate-diluent-free ormocer matrices, potentially more stable and resistant, new randomized clinical trials should be developed comparing this new family of pure ormocers with current composites.

Use of two surface analyzers to evaluate the surface roughness of four esthetic restorative materials after polishing.

This study had two aims: determine how well four esthetic restorative materials lent themselves to polishing and compare the results obtained using two different techniques for evaluating surface roughness. The four materials used were two composites modified by the addition of resin, Dyract AP (Dentsply) and Dyract Flow (Dentsply); one composite designed for posterior restorations, SureFil (Dentsply) and one universal micromatrix composite, Esthet-X (Dentsply). Five test pieces were made with each product by inserting the material into cylindrical molds and polymerizing it layer by layer. A single operator polished the specimens on the same day using the Enhance system (Dentsply) and two aluminum oxide pastes. The surfaces were studied successively by means of two surface analyzers: a high-resolution optical profilometer (Nanosurf 488, SAS Technology) and a mechanical profilometer (Mitutoyo Surftest-SV 402). These measurements gave the mean roughness of the surface (Ra). Ten zones were examined for each specimen, and the specimens were observed under an optical microscope (PMG3 inverted metallographic microscope) at 50x magnification. The qualitative and quantitative analyses of the results showed good surface states for all materials. However, the composites based on nano- and micro-filler technology gave the smoothest surfaces after polishing. A comparison of the values obtained with each method of observation showed that mechanical profilometry tended to show roughness caused by polishing, while optical profilometry brought out roughness due to the structure of the material itself.

Dentin permeability: self-etching and one-bottle dentin bonding systems.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: There are many bonding systems available, with or without a prior acid etch. The mechanisms differ from system to system. Therefore it is important that the clinician know which are the most effective and which provide the best seal. PURPOSE: This study measured the infiltration of physiological saline solution across dentin after application of self-etching or 1-bottle dentin bonding systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six extracted noncarious human third molars from patients 18 to 25 years old were used for this study. Dentin disks were cut from crown segments parallel to the occlusal surface at the incisal portion of the pulp cavity. The 36 disks, each 1 mm thick, were divided into 6 groups (n=6 per group), each of which received one of the following dentin bonding systems: Optibond Solo Plus and Excite, which have ethanol as the solvent; Prime & Bond NT, which has acetone as the solvent; Single Bond, which has a mixed solvent; and Clearfil SE Bond or Prompt L-Pop, both self-etching systems The hydraulic conductance, the volume of fluid transported across a known area of surface (0.28 cm(2)) per unit time under a unit pressure gradient (200 cm H(2)O), was analyzed for the self-etching and 1-bottle dentin bonding systems with the Flodec apparatus. Both sides of each specimen were etched with 36% phosphoric acid for 30 seconds. Measurements were made every 30 seconds for 15 minutes. The initial measurement served as the reference value for each specimen. The measurements were repeated when a smear layer had been formed and, finally, after one of the 6 bonding systems had been applied. The data were analyzed by use of analysis of variance and a posteriori tests (Fischer's PLSD, Duncan's new multiple range) with alpha=.05. RESULTS: The greatest mean reduction (40%, P<.05) in penetration was observed with the 4 products with conventional etching: Optibond Solo Plus, Single Bond, Excite, and Prime & Bond NT. The self-etching products were associated with reductions of 36% (Clearfil SE Bond) and 16% (Prompt L Pop). Standard deviations were high, 50% of the mean value, except for the Single Bond group (-42 +/- 13) and Prime & Bond NT (-41 +/- 14). CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this study, the 4 bonding systems tested with a phosphoric acid before etching provided a greater decrease in dentin permeability than the 2 self-etching systems. The difference in permeability decrease was significant for Prompt L-Pop but not for Clearfil SE Bond.