RESUMO
Cancer is a devastating disease with over 100 types, including lung and breast cancer. Cisplatin and metal-based drugs are limited due to their drug resistance and side effects. Iridium-based compounds have emerged as promising candidates due to their unique chemical properties and resemblance to platinum compounds. The objective of this study is to investigate the synthesis and categorization of iridium complexes, with a particular emphasis on their potential use as anticancer agents. The major focus of this research is to examine the synthesis of these complexes and their relevance to the field of cancer treatment. The negligible side effects and flexibility of cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes have garnered significant interest. Organometallic half-sandwich Ir(III) complexes have notable benefits in cancer research and treatment. The review places significant emphasis on categorizing iridium complexes according to their ligand environment, afterward considering the ligand density and coordination number. This study primarily focuses on several methods for synthesizing cyclometalated and half-sandwich Ir complexes, divided into subgroups based on ligand denticity. The coordination number of iridium complexes determines the number of ligands coordinated to the central iridium atom, which impacts their stability and reactivity. Understanding these complexes is crucial for designing compounds with desired properties and investigating their potential as anticancer agents. Cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes, which contain a meta-cycle with the E-M-C order σ bond, were synthesized in 1999. These complexes have high quantum yields, significant stock shifts, luminescence qualities, cell permeability, and strong photostability. They have been promising in biosensing, bioimaging, and phosphorescence of heavy metal complexes.
RESUMO
Alpha-amylase producing strain KB 2216 was identified as Bacillus velezensis. The growth pattern showed that 72 h is the optimum incubation period of amylase production, which is a stationary period for the strain. By the purification process, maximum alpha-amylase activity was achieved up to 418.25 U/mL at 72 h of incubation, which was purified with 4.74 folds, 4230.32 U/mg specific activity, with 31.35% yield. The strain was found to produce an oligomeric alpha-amylase, namely Amy3. Amy3 was a trimeric macromolecule of 195 kDa with 62, 64, and 66 kDa subunits, as revealed by zymogram and SDS PAGE analyses. Amy3 was highly active at 55 °C and pH 5.5. It had shown the highest stability at pH 5.0-5.5 and between 0 ÌC and 4 ÌC. It did not require any metal cofactors, but it was inhibited by Ag2+, Hg2+ and Cd2+ divalent cations. Glucose and maltose were shown to be the end products of soluble starch digestion by Amy3. These interesting properties of Amy3 may be useful for many biotechnological applications in the future.
