RESUMO
It is of interest to evaluate the association of orthodontic tooth movement with concentration of leptin in Gingival Crevicular Fluid (GCF).Thirty orthodontic patients of both genders with equal sample size were included for the present study. Concentration of leptin was assessed at baseline (T0), 1 hr after application of force (T1), 24 hours later (T2), 7 days after application of force (T3), and 1 month after application of orthodontic force (T4). Using strips of filter paper, GCF was collected from the gingival sulcus on distal aspect of the right maxillary canine. Distalized tooth movement was evaluated by measuring the difference on dental casts, at baseline and one month after force application. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction and Pearson's correlation test were used to analyze the data. Average concentration of leptin in GCF raises from baseline (T0) to 1 hours after application of force (T1), then increased to peak after 24 hours (T2), and declined to a minimum value after 7 days (T3) and again raises after 1 month (T4), closer to the base line value (T0), and this was statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was significant association of the overall average concentration of leptin to degree of tooth movement (correlation coefficient = 0.625). There was a biphasic change in GCF leptin concentration during one cycle of orthodontic force application, thus, a significant association between rates of tooth movement with GCF leptin concentration is noted.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Maxillary posterior tooth region is an important area with respect to periapical surgery, implant placement, and sinus lifts. Posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) is located on the lateral wall of maxillary sinus and may become injured during such surgical procedures. Therefore, knowledge of the subject is essential to a clinician. The goal was to determine the anatomical relationship of posterior superior alveolar artery to the floor of maxillary sinus and alveolar crest. In our study we attempted to present the locations and course of posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging. MATERIAL/METHODS: CBCT scans of 50 patients (30 males, 20 females) who had undergone computed tomography imaging were analyzed. We assessed the visibility and location of vascular canal/notch of posterior superior alveolar artery on cross sectional images and measured the distances from lower margin to the floor of maxillary sinus and alveolar crest in the 1st molar and 2nd molar regions. Unpaired t-test was carried out in the analysis to determine the level of significance. RESULTS: Maxillary PSAA was visualized in 36 patients (70%). Mean diameter of the vessel was 0.63 mm. Mean distance between PSAA and alveolar crest was the shortest in the 2nd molar region. The mean distance between PSAA and floor of maxillary sinus was 9.96 mm. CONCLUSIONS: Periapical surgeries, implants and maxillary sinus lift are performed on routine basis. PSAA is an important structure in the posterior maxillary region; the clinician should be aware of its location and course. CBCT is an excellent tool to localize the PSAA because of it provides finer details at low exposure and less radiation. It should be recommended in clinical practices.
