RESUMO
For patients with a known hereditary risk of ovarian cancer, primary prevention typically is accomplished through prophylactic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. However, some patients may wish to preserve fertility or delay menopause and its associated comorbidities. This article discusses appropriate methods of contraception for these patients.
Assuntos
Anticoncepcionais Orais/uso terapêutico , Dispositivos Intrauterinos Medicados , Neoplasias Ovarianas/prevenção & controle , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Profiláticos/métodos , Salpingectomia/métodos , Esterilização Tubária/métodos , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Levanogestrel/administração & dosagem , Neoplasias Ovarianas/genética , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Recent attention has been given to gender differences in neurotrauma, and the anecdotal suggestion is that females have better outcomes than males, suggesting that circulating levels of estrogen (E(2)) may be neuroprotective. In order to address this issue, both young adult male and ovariectomized female rats were subjected to a T10 spinal cord injury (SCI), and E2 levels were maintained at chronic, constant circulating levels. Animals were clinically evaluated for locomotor changes using the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) scoring system. Morphologic differences were evaluated with unbiased stereology. Data analysis failed to reveal any significant benefit for the E2 therapy in either males or females. We did find a non-estrogen-dependent difference between male and female rats in length of injury, and percent of spared tissue, with female outcomes more favorable. These results suggest that E(2) does not provide a viable therapy following SCI.
Assuntos
Estrogênios/fisiologia , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/fisiopatologia , Animais , Comportamento Animal/efeitos dos fármacos , Comportamento Animal/fisiologia , Estradiol/farmacologia , Estrogênios/sangue , Feminino , Masculino , Atividade Motora/efeitos dos fármacos , Atividade Motora/fisiologia , Ovariectomia , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Caracteres Sexuais , Medula Espinal/patologia , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/patologia , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/psicologiaRESUMO
Progesterone has been proposed to be protective to the central nervous system following injury. This study assessed progesterone supplementation in the setting of contusional spinal cord injury in male and female rats. Short-term (5 days of either 4 or 8 mg/kg progesterone) and long-term (14 days of either 8 or 16 mg/kg progesterone) therapy failed to show any significant alteration in locomotor functioning and injury morphometrics after 21 days. This study does not support progesterone as a potential therapeutic agent in spinal cord injury.
