La influencia del estrés y el optimismo sobre la calidad de sueño de mujeres con cáncer de mama / The influence of stress and optimism on sleep quality in women with breast cancer

Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la influencia del estrés y el optimismo sobre la calidad de sueño de mujeres con cáncer de mama. Método: Diseño trasversal correlacional. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron el Índice de Calidad del Sueño de Pittsburgh, la Escala de Estrés Percibido y la Escala de Orientación de Vida. Participaron 60 pacientes con cáncer de mama en estadios tempranos, sin metástasis, con una media de edad de 51,4 (± 9,3) años. Resultados: Las pacientes obtuvieron una media de 7,5 (± 4,4) del Índice de calidad de sueño global, en donde a mayor puntaje indica una mala calidad de sueño, una media de 24,5 (± 9,5) para estrés y una media 37,6 (± 5,5) para optimismo. Se obtuvo una correlación positiva y significativa entre el estrés y calidad de sueño global (r =0,349, p=0.006), y una correlación negativa y significativaentre optimismo y calidad de sueño (r =-0,524, p =0,001). El optimismo predice la calidad de sueño global en un 25,8%. Conclusión: En mujeres con cáncer de mama en estadios tempranos, la relación entre variables indica que a mayor estrés menor calidad de sueño, menor duración del dormir y más alteraciones de sueño. En cuanto a la variable de optimismo, indica que, a mayor optimismo, mayor calidad subjetiva de sueño, mayor duración, menor latencia de sueño y menos alteraciones del dormir. Por lo tanto, se concluye que, en mujeres con cáncer de mama, el estrés reduce la calidad de sueño mientras que el optimismo la beneficia directamente

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of stress and optimism on the quality of sleep of women with breast cancer. Method: Cross-sectional correlational design. The instruments used were the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Perceived Stress Scale, and Life Guidance Scale. Participated in 60 patients with early stage of breast cancer, with no metastasis and an average age of 51.4 (± 9.3) years. Results: The patients obtained a mean of 7.5 (± 4.4) overall sleep quality index, where a higher score indicates a poor sleep quality, with a mean of 24.5 (± 9.5) for stress and a mean 37.6 (± 5.5) for optimism. There was a positive and significant correlation between stress and overall sleep quality (rs = 0.349, p = 0.006), and a negative and significant correlation between optimism and sleep quality (rs = -0.524, p = 0.001). The optimism predicts the overall sleep quality by 25.8%. Conclusion: In women with breast cancer in the early stages, the relationship between variables indicates that higher stress lower quality of sleep, shorter sleep duration and more sleep disturbances. Regarding the variable of optimism, indicates that to greater optimism, higher subjective quality of sleep, longer duration, and lower sleep latency and sleep disturbances. Therefore, it is concluded that in women with breast cancer, stress reduces sleep quality while optimism benefits directly

Psychological Effects of Group Hypnotherapy on Breast Cancer Patients During Chemotherapy.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of group hypnotherapy on anxiety, depression, stress, self-esteem, optimism, and social support during chemotherapy, in patients with breast cancer, compared with a control group with standard medical care. Hypnotherapy consisted of 24 sessions that included suggestions to encourage relaxation, self-esteem, the resolution of past traumatic events, physical healing, and optimism. Results show that the hypnotherapy group significantly decreased anxiety, distress, increased self-esteem, and optimism in the first 12 sessions. However, at the end of the 24 sessions, only self-esteem and optimism remained significant compared with the control group. The convenience of using hypnotherapy to encourage optimism and self-esteem in patients with breast cancer during chemotherapy treatment is discussed given its protective effect on health.

Breast Biopsy: The Effects of Hypnosis and Music.

The authors evaluated the efficacies of audio-recorded hypnosis with background music and music without hypnosis in the reduction of emotional and physical disturbances in patients scheduled for breast biopsy in comparison with a control group. A total of 75 patients were randomly assigned to 3 different groups and evaluated at baseline and before and after breast biopsy using visual analog scales of stress, pain, depression, anxiety, fatigue, optimism, and general well-being. The results showed that, before breast biopsy, the music group presented less stress and anxiety, whereas the hypnosis with music group presented reduced stress, anxiety, and depression and increased optimism and general well-being. After the biopsy, the music group presented less anxiety and pain, whereas the hypnosis group showed less anxiety and increased optimism.