Adulteration Detection and Quantification in Olive Oil Using Excitation-Emission Matrix Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Chemometrics.

This research investigates the use of excitation-emission matrix fluorescence (EEMF) in conjunction with chemometric models to rapidly identify and quantify adulteration in olive oil, a critical concern where sample availability is limited. Adulteration is simulated by blending soybean, peanut, and linseed oils into olive oil, creating diverse adulterated samples. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to the EEMF spectral data as an initial exploratory measure to cluster and differentiate adulterated samples. Spatial clustering enabled vivid visualization of the variations and trends in the spectra. The novel application of parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) for data decomposition in this paper focuses on unraveling correlations between the decomposed components and the actual adulterated components, which offers a novel perspective for accurately quantifying adulteration levels. Additionally, a comparative analysis was conducted between the PCA and PARAFAC methodologies. Our study not only unveils a new avenue for the quantitative analysis of adulterants in olive oil through spectral detection but also highlights the potential for applying these insights in practical, real-world scenarios, thereby enhancing detection capabilities for various edible oil samples. This promises to improve the detection of adulteration across a range of edible oil samples, offering significant contributions to food safety and quality assurance.

Screening of effective anti-depressant part from Coreopsis tinctoria and study on its mechanism / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To screen the effective anti-depressant part from Coreopsis tinctoria and study its mechanism. METHODS The anti-depressant effects of 30％，50％，70％ and 90％ ethanol elution fractions from 75％ ethanol extract of C. tinctoria（CCTE）were investigated by tail suspension test and forced swimming test. Mice head-drop test ，reserpine antagonistic test，yohimbine toxicity enhancement test and in vitro monoamine oxidase （MAO） inhibition test were used to explore the mechanism of the relationship between the effective parts and 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT） and norepinephrine （NE） nerves. RESULTS The 50％ and 70％CCTE could significantly shorten the accumulative immobility time in tail suspension test and forced swimming test （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01），increase the number of head-shaking times （P＜0.01），reverse the eyelid ptosis ， hypothermia and immobility caused by hematopin （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01），and increase the number of dead mice caused by yohimbine toxicity （P＜0.01）. IC 50 of okanin （CCT-6），isookanin（CCT-7）and taxifolin （CCT-8）against MAO were 8.71，37.89 and 67.07 µmol/L，respectively. CONCLUSIONS The 50％ and 70％CCTE are the effective anti-depressant parts of C. tinctoria . Its anti-depressant effect may be related to the reinforcement of 5-HT and the activation of NE nerves. The inhibition of CCT- 6， CCT-7 and CCT- 8 against MAO may be one of the anti-depressant mechanism of C. tinctoria .

Research progress in the molecular epidemiology of gastric cancer / 中国肿瘤临床

Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor characterized by high morbidity and mortality. With the development of molecular biol-ogy technology and the emergence of various new omics detection techniques in recent years, molecular epidemiologists of gastric cancer have conducted extensive studies on the genetic and host factors, as well as gene-environment interactions associated with ex-posure to environmental factors in gastric cancer. In addition, epidemiologists have studied the evolution of precancerous gastric le-sions, the development of gastric cancer, and explored relevant biomarkers to provide major evidence for the prevention and control of gastric cancer. This review summarizes the latest advances in the molecular epidemiology of gastric cancer, including existing evi-dence in studies for candidate-approach-based serum/plasma biomarkers, genome-wide association, whole-exome sequencing, tissue microarrays, as well as studies on metabolomics and microbiomes. We expect to provide insights into the future of molecular epidemi-ology studies in gastric cancer, promoting etiologic research, and the precise prevention and control of gastric cancer.

Research of the effect of cochlear implant and hearing aid on voice quality of hearing impaired children / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To discuss the effect of cochlear implant and hearing aid to voice quality.@*METHOD@#Four groups of randomly selected 73 subjects were compared. The groups comprised: cochlear implant children, children using hearing aids, normal hearing children and deaf children with no hearing instrumentation. The latter two groups were control groups. Each subject was required to phonate /ae/ about 3 s using 'voice assessment' to record the sound, and following voice acoustic variables were analysed: F0, SDF0, Jitter, Shimmer, NNE, HNR, SNR.@*RESULT@#Voice F0 of children with cochlear implant was significantly lower that the other three groups (P0. 05); SDF0 of cochlear implant group and hearing aids group were significantly larger than the normal hearing group and deaf children group with no intervention (P0.05), which means that cochlear implant and hearing aid could have affected the SDF0 of female children more than those of male children. There were no significant difference among all the four groups about voice quality variables: Jitter, Shimmer, NNE, HNR, SNR.@*CONCLUSION@#Cochlear implant and hearing aid mainly change the voice F0 and/or SDF0, and have no effect on the voice quality variables.

Research of the effect of cochlear implant and hearing aid on voice quality of hearing impaired children / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective:To discuss the effect of cochlear implant and hearing aid to voice quality.Method:Four groups of randomly selected 73 subjects were compared. The groups comprised: cochlear implant children, children using hearing aids, normal hearing children and deaf children with no hearing instrumention. The latter two groups were control groups. Each subject was required to phonate // about 3 s using 'voice assessment' to record the sound, and following voice acoustice variables were analysed: F0,SDF0,Jitter,Shimmer,NNE,HNR,SNR.Result:Voice F0 of children with cochlear implant was significantly lower that the other three groups(P0.05);SDF0 of cochlear implant group and hearing aids group were significantly larger than the normal hearing group and deaf children group with no intervention(P0.05),which means that cochlear implant and hearing aid could have affected the SDF0 of female children more than those of male children. There were no significant difference among all the four groups about voice quality variables: Jitter,Shimmer,NNE,HNR,SNR.Conclusion:Cochlear implant and hearing aid mainly change the voice F0 and/or SDF0, and have no effect on the voice quality variables.

Mechanism and effect of Tangzu Heji on diabetic foot rat with blood stasis syndrome / 中华中医药杂志

Objective: To observe the effect on Tangzu Heji on diabetic foot rat with blood stasis syndrome and to investigate the mechanism in it. Methods: Combination of streptozocin injection and reduction of ambient temperature was used to duplicate diabetic foot rat with blood stasis syndrome. 60 Male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups as normal control group, the low temperature control group, diabetic foot group (model group), three groups of Tangzu Heji treatment with high, medium and low dose respectively. In the first three groups the rats were given normal saline, and in the latter three treatment groups the model rats were given Tangzu Heji as 60gkg, 30g/kg, 15g/kg weight, respectively. After two weeks of treatment, the changes of the weight, water intake, blood glucose, blood rheology, acral gangrene symptoms, Choroid blood vessels of the sublingual and ear, serum vascular endothelial growth factor changes were observed. Results: After two weeks of treatment with Tangzu Heji, compared with the model group, a marked increase in body weight, decrease of water intake were happened to the rats in treatment groups. Erythrocyte aggregation index in the low-dose treatment group decreased significantly (P