RESUMO
This article provides first-person accounts of ethical issues inherent in an evaluation of the Native American Indian Center of Central Ohio (NAICCO) Circles of Care project. Circles of Care is a three-year, infrastructure development program funded through the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) which is part of the federal Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). The grant program is for American Indian and Alaskan Native (AI/AN) tribes and urban Indian communities and includes a strong emphasis on community engagement and community ownership. The Native American Indian Center of Central Ohio received a Circles of Care grant in the fifth cohort of the program. The first author (Project Evaluator) presents views that typically represent a western approach to evaluation, while the second author (Project Director) presents a Native perspective. Ethical issues are defined as well as the authors' efforts to address these concerns.
Assuntos
Indígenas Norte-Americanos , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Psicologia/ética , Atenção à Saúde , Organização do Financiamento , Humanos , Serviços de Saúde Mental , Ohio , Estados Unidos , United States Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services AdministrationRESUMO
This paper provides the opportunity to consider local challenges to implementing science-based programs. Wandersman et al. (American Journal of Community Psychology 2008) define three systems necessary to effectively implement science-based programming. These systems include the Prevention Support System, which is responsible for assisting communities in implementing effective practices; the Prevention Research System, which is responsible for developing and packaging prevention programming; and the Prevention Delivery System, which is responsible for delivering services. The authors conduct a content analysis related to six county level efforts to implement science-based programs in Ohio. These counties are part of a larger Ohio initiative referred to as Partnerships for Success. The authors suggest that local officials are quite skilled at accessing the Prevention Research System and providers at the local level represent an effective service delivery system. The authors contend that the Prevention Support System in these counties is capable of enhancing several functions related to local infrastructure but is deficient in other important elements.
Assuntos
Redes Comunitárias/organização & administração , Comportamento Cooperativo , Medicina Baseada em Evidências , Serviços Preventivos de Saúde/organização & administração , Desenvolvimento de Programas/métodos , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , OhioRESUMO
Primary care is the principal setting for implementation of prevention services for children and their families. However, aspects of primary care practice and lack of patient adherence to therapeutic regimens that ultimately lead to lifestyle and behavior changes are barriers to the delivery of prevention services. The authors of this paper present descriptive information about how a web-based computer application is being used to assist physicians in a major medical center overcome some of these impediments. This information is presented in the hopes of generating discussion about the utility of computer based support for prevention services in primary care settings. Additional steps to optimize the care of patients are also described.
Assuntos
Internet , Serviços Preventivos de Saúde/organização & administração , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Comportamento de Redução do Risco , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Hospitais Pediátricos , Humanos , Ohio , Estudos de Casos Organizacionais , PediatriaRESUMO
This paper provides a historical case study of efforts to implement and sustain "outcomes based funding" in a large United Way system in Central Ohio. The case study describes how community practitioners employed specific strategies to promote sustainability. The use of these strategies corresponds to several techniques suggested in the sustainability literature. This case study is offered as a means of considering how practitioners helped sustain the shift to outcomes based funding within the United Way system. In addition, this case study demonstrates how skills related to implementation and sustainability might be transferred to other situations where practitioners are interested in promoting change within large organizations and/or communities. The authors suggest that skills related to implementation and sustainability are essential to community practice.
Assuntos
Tomada de Decisões Gerenciais , Organização do Financiamento/normas , Transtornos Mentais/terapia , Inovação Organizacional , Organizações sem Fins Lucrativos/economia , Avaliação de Processos e Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Humanos , Investimentos em Saúde , Estudos de Casos Organizacionais , Estados UnidosRESUMO
This paper provides an opportunity to consider the concept of community practice from the vantage point of community psychology. The author argues that community psychology has significant potential to change organizations, communities, and other settings to benefit setting occupants. However, it is the author's contention that the full realization of this potential is contingent upon an organized effort to engage in formal community practice. The author defines community practice in terms of four skill sets related to mobilization, planning, implementation, and evaluation. The author also describes settings that might support community practice and discusses implications for training and the field of community psychology in general. Finally, the author illustrates several community practice skills and roles in the context of a local community-based initiative in Ohio called Partnerships for Success.
Assuntos
Modelos Organizacionais , Padrões de Prática Médica , Psicologia Social/organização & administração , Psicologia , Medicina Baseada em Evidências , Humanos , Ohio , Psicologia/educaçãoRESUMO
This paper describes the evaluation component of Partnerships for Success (PfS), a comprehensive community effort designed to address youth development issues. The evaluation component is referred to as "theory of change-based evaluation." The author considers the implications of applying community practice tools such as theory of change-based evaluation to the current conceptualization of community science. More specifically, the author argues that the current conceptualization of community science pays scant attention to community practice. This paper concludes by suggesting that the current conceptualization of community science be modified to recognize the importance of community practice as an equal aspiration for community psychologists.