Comprehensive Evaluation of Differences of Pinelliae Rhizoma Germplasm Resources Based on AHP and Grey Correlation Method / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective::To establish the evaluation method of Pinelliae Rhizoma (PR) resources by the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and grey correlation degree (GCD) method, so as to explore the differences in quality components, production efficiency and appearance traits of different germplasm resources cultivated in the same environment. Method::The quality component index, efficiency index, and appearance traits index of 15 germplasm resources were measured, including moisture, total ash, extractives, total acid content, harvest index, yield, drying rate, commodity rate, decay rate and deformability of tubers. Based on AHP and grey correlation method, each indicator data was processed in a comprehensive way, its comprehensive correlation value was calculated, and different PR germplasm resources were comprehensively evaluated. Result::Based on three factors-quality composition, production efficiency and appearance traits, the comprehensive correlation value of A6 was the highest, reaching 0.749 4, which was followed by A14, A15, A7, and their comprehensive correlation values were 0.736 6, 0.726 2, 0.718 2, respectively. Therefore, the source of A6 could be used as an excellent provenance introduced to the cultivation of PR, and the provenance of A14, A15, and A7 could be used as a useful supplement. Conclusion::The method of AHP and GCD-based multi-index comprehensive evaluation is simple and comprehensive to evaluate the diversity of different PR germplasm resources, and could provide a reference for the development and utilization of resources and the screening of high-quality provenances.

Current quality standards of Andrographis Herba of different countries and regions / 中国中药杂志

Andrographis Herba is a commonly used plant medicine, and has been recorded in pharmacopeias of different countries. However, there are some differences in the quality standards. Based on this, this paper compare the quality standards of Andrographis Herba between Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Hong Kong Chinese Materia Medica Standards, United States Pharmacopoeia, European Pharmacopoeia and Indian Pharmacopoeia, including origin, botanical characteristics, identification(microscopic identification and chromatographic identification), content determination, specific test(such as impurities, loss on drying, extractives, pesticides, heavy metals, mycotoxins, and other items) and storage requirements, so as to provide a reference for studying international quality standards of Andrographis.

Observation on efficacy of artificial liver plasma bilirubin adsorption for treatment of patients with severe hepatitis B / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of artificial liver plasma bilirubin adsorption for treatment of patients with severe viral hepatitis B (HBV). Methods A retrospective study was conducted, the 120 patients with severe HBV B and their historical data of having undergone treatment of artificial liver plasma bilirubin adsorption admitted to Department of Respiration of Mianyang Central Hospital from August 2015 to August 2017 were collected, and there were 68 cases in the cirrhotic group and 52 cases in the non-cirrhotic group. The indexes of liver function and coagulation function before and after the treatment of artificial liver plasma bilirubin adsorption were collected; the differences of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glutamine transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), globulin (Glo), prothrombin time (PT), prothrombin activity (PTA), total bilirubin (TBil) and indirect bilirubin (IBil), total bile acid (TBA), etc were compared between cirrhotic group and the severe hepatitis B non-cirrhotic group. Results The levels of ALT, AST, ALP, LDH after artificial liver plasma bilirubin adsorption therapy were lower than those before the treatment [ALT (U/L): 138.8±26.2 vs. 993.4±185.2, AST (U/L): 121.7±119.9 vs. 798.7±226.8, ALP (U/L): 129.7±8.1 vs. 178.9±14.1, LDH (μmol·L-1·s-1·L-1): 4.50±0.32 vs. 8.15 ±1.75, all P < 0.05], PTA was higher than that before the treatment [(43.2±25.6)% vs. (30.0±16.1)%, P < 0.05]. After the treatment, the decline rate of ALP, TBil, and TBA of non-cirrhotic group was higher than those in cirrhotic group (ALP: 34.20% vs. 17.80%, TBil: 39.10% vs. 18.10%, TBA:30.70% vs. 5.00%, P < 0.05), the elevation rate of PTA in non-cirrhotic group was also higher than that in cirrhotic group (52.50% vs. 25.10%, P < 0.05). Conclusion Artificial liver plasma bilirubin adsorption therapy is effective for treatment of patients with severe HBV B, particularly the effect being good on the early severe viral HBV B non-cirrhotic group.

Effect of Qinggan-Huoxue recipe and its disassembled prescription on fibroblast growth factor-21 in rats with alcoholic liver disease / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To investigate the mechanism of Qinggan-Huoxue recipe in the treatment of alcoholic liver disease by observing its function on alcoholic liver disease rat fibroblast growth factor -21 (FGF21). Methods The rats were randomly divided into the blank group (n=10), the carbon tetrachloride group (n=10), the model group (n=11), the Qinggan-Huoxue recipe group (n=10), the Qinggan recipe group (n=9) and the Huoxue recipe group (n=10). Except for the blank group and the carbon tetrachloride group, the other rats were given 10 ml/kg alcohol, corn oil and pyrazole mixture (4.5 ml: 2 ml: 25 mg), once a day, 0.3 ml/kg carbon tetrachloride olive oil solution (carbon tetrachloride: olive oil =1: 3) intraperitoneally, and twice a week for 12 weeks to prepare the alcoholic liver disease model. In the ninth week, the Qinggan-Huoxue recipe group was treated with 4.75 g/kg of Qinggan-Huoxue recipe, the Qinggan recipe group was treated with 1.5 g/kg of Qinggan recipe, and the Huoxue recipe group was treated with 3.25 g/kg of Huoxue recipe, once a day, and 28 d for continuous administration. The pathological changes of liver tissue were observed by HE staining and Masson staining. The serum levels of AST and ALT were detected in rats. The changes of FGF21 protein and mRNA expression were detected by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and fluorescence quantitative PCR. Results Compared with the model group, the liver weight and liver body ratio in the Qinggan recipe group, Qinggan-Huoxue recipe group and Huoxue recipe group were significantly lower (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the serum ALT (41.95 ± 26.78 U/L, 46.63 ± 21.00 U/L, 37.57 ± 27.85 U/L vs. 138.34 ± 43.35 U/L), AST (102.74 ± 23.55 U/L, 111.50 ± 21.26 U/L, 83.72 ± 37.57 U/L vs. 257.41 ± 162.31 U/L) in the Qinggan recipe group, Qinggan-Huoxue recipe group and Huoxue recipe group significantly decreased (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the expression of FGF21 protein (1.19 ± 0.07, 1.24 ± 0.12 vs. 0.92 ± 0.04) in Qinggan recipe group and Qinggan-Huoxue recipe group significantly increased (P<0.05), and the expression of FGF21 mRNA (1.25 ± 0.08 vs. 0.95 ± 0.05) in Qinggan-Huoxue recipe group significantly increased (P<0.05). Conclusions FGF21 plays an important role in the alcoholic liver disease. During the process of liver injury, FGF21 increases continuously. Qinggan-Huoxue recipe can improve the content of FGF21 in the treatment of alcoholic liver disease.

The value analysis of color Doppler ultrasound and MSCT in the diagnosis of PTE-DVT / 中国医学装备

Objective:To explore the clinical value of color Doppler ultrasound and multi-slice spiral computed tomography (MSCT) in the diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE)- deep vein thrombosis (DVT).Methods: A retrospectively study was adopted to analyze 30 patients with suspected PTE-DVT. The patients with suspected PTE were applied by using MSCT and series three-dimensional reconstructions, such as volume reconstruction (VR), multi planar reconstruction (MPR), maximum intensity projection (MIP) and axial image reconstruction, while the patients with suspected DVT were scanned by using color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI). The shape, size and location of embolus in blood vessel were observed, and the situations of pulmonary artery embolism and the phenomenon of deep vein embolism detected by the two methods were compared and analyzed.Results: In 30 cases, there were 15 cases were diagnosed as positive patients, and in the 15 cases, the patients with DVT were 66.7% (10/15), while the patients with PTE were 86.7% (13/15), and the patients with PTE-DVT were 8 cases (53.3%, 8/15). By using MSCT, there were 10 patients with thromboembolism in pulmonary artery were found, and there were 50 pulmonary arteries with thromboembolism were diagnosed. On the other hand, by using color Doppler ultrasound, there were 12 patients with embolism and fluctuation disappearing of vein wall in deep vein were found, and there were 16 deep veins with thromboembolism were diagnosed.Conclusion: Color Doppler ultrasound should combine with MSCT and they should learn each other so as to achieve the diagnosis of PTE-DVT in convenient, fast, simple, safety and accuracy. This combination of them can provide important reference for clinical therapy of PTE-DVT.

Effects of Recombinant Adenovirus Carrying Apoptin Gene on the Apoptosis of Human Lung Squamous Carcinoma SK-MES-1 Cell Lines and Human Lung Adenocarcinoma NCI-H1299 Cell Lines / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of recombinant adenovirus vector Adxsi-GFP-VP3 carrying apoptin gene VP3 on the apoptosis of human lung squamous carcinoma SK-MES-1 cell lines and human lung adenocarcinoma NCI-H1299 cell lines. METHODS:The exponential phase SK-MES-1 and NCI-H1299 cell lines were respectively divided into a recombinant adenovirus (Adxsi-GFP-VP3) group,a empty virus (Adxsi-GFP) group and a cell control (phosphate buffer) group,which were marked as group A,B and C respectively. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot method were used to detect the ex-pressions of VP3 mRNA and Apoptin in the cells of groups A and B 48 and 72 h after transfection. The change in the ultrastructure of the cells in group A was observed under transmission electron microscope 72 h thereafter. MTT method was adopted to detect the cell proliferation activities of three groups 24,48,72 and 96 h thereafter and flow cytometry to determine the apoptosis rates and cell cycle changes 24,48 and 72 h thereafter. RESULTS:Compared to group B,group A demonstrated the expression of VP3 mRNA in SK-MES-1 and NCI-H1299 cell lines 48 h after transfection,and Apoptin expression and ultrastructure change for apopto-sis of SK-MES-1 and NCI-H1299 cell lines 72 h thereafter. Compared to groups B and C,group A showed lower proliferation activ-ities and higher apoptosis rates of SK-MES-1 and NCI-H1299 cell lines,which had a positive correlation with transfection time;and in the group A,there was a decrease in the proportion of the SK-MES-1 and NCI-H1299 cell lines in S phase and an increase in the proportion of those in G2/M phase,72 h after transfection. There was statistically difference (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Adxsi-GFP-VP3 can effectively induce the apoptosis of SK-MES-1 and NCI-H1299 cell lines.

A meta-analysis of effect and safety of high-dose ambroxol in treatment of acute exacerbration of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / 实用医学杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of high-dose Ambroxol in treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Methods Retrieved from PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP and WanFang databases by computer, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about high-dose of Ambroxol in treatment of AECOPD were included. According to the inclusive and exclusive criteria, literatures and data were independently screened and extracted by two researchers, and the quality of the studies were assessed, Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.2 software. Results A total of 7 RCTs were included, involving 534 patients. Meta-analysis showed that experiment group can obviously improve the overall effective rate [OR = 4.11, 95%CI (2.31, 2.31), P < 0.000 01), shorten hospital stays(OR = 3.60, 95% CI (4.66, 2.55), P < 0.00001), compared with the control group was statistically difference, and no obvious adverse reactions. Conclusion High-dose of Ambroxol could improve AECOPD overall effective rate, shorten hospital stays, improve pulmonary function and blood gas analysis, and no serious adverse reactions, be worth clinical promote using.

Lipophilic small molecular compounds from human placenta / 国际药学研究杂志

Objective To nvestigate he ipophilic constituents of human placenta. Methods The compounds were separaed and purified by various column chromatography(silica gel,Sephadex LH-20) and heir structures were established by spectroscopic methods and X-ray diffraction analysis. Rusults Twenty-one compounds were solated from human placenta. Their structures were dentified as cyclo(Leu-Ala) (1),cyclo(Leu-Val) (2),cyclo(Leu-Pro) (3),cyclo(Val-Pro) (4),cyclo(Phe-Leu) (5),caffeine(6), uracil(7), thymine (8), 2'-0-methyluridine (9), 2'-deoxyuridine (10), cholesterol (11), 16a-hydroxyprogesterone (12), 16a-hydroxytestosterone(13),estriol(14),20(fi)-hydroxypregn

Impacts of establishment of chest pain center on the door-to-balloon time and the short-term outcome after primary percutaneous coronary intervention of patients with ST segment elevated myocardial infarction / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the impact of the establishment of chest pain center (CPC) model based on the pre-hospital real-time tele-12-lead electrocardiogram on the door-to-balloon (D-to-B) time and short-term outcome after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) of patients with ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A regular CPC was established with pre-hospital transmitted real-time 12-lead electrocardiogram system for pre-hospital diagnosis of STEMI and enabled the STEMI patients to bypass the emergency room and directly treated in the catheter lab to shorten the D-to-B time. The mean D-to-B time, the short-term outcome and medical costs were compared in PPCI patients before (93 cases, group A) and after (149 cases, group B) the establishment of CPC.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After the establishment of CPC, the annual mean D-to-B time was significantly shortened [(127 ± 79) min in group A vs.(72 ± 23 )min in group B, P < 0.01], the shortest monthly mean D-to-B time was remarkably reduced in group B than in group A [(56 ± 11) min vs. (73 ± 14) min, P < 0.01]. The annual ratio of D-to-B below 90 minutes was significantly increased from 62.4% (58/93) in group A to 91.9% (137/149) in group B (P < 0.05) . The in-hospital mortality rate tended to be lower and the incidence of heart failure during hospitalization was significantly reduced in group B compared with group A [3.4% (5/149) vs. 6.5% (6/93), P > 0.05; 14.1% (21/149) vs. 24.7% (23/93), P < 0.05]. The length of hospital stay was slightly shortened from (8.98 ± 4.89) days to (7.79 ± 5.43) days (P > 0.05). Corrected mean medical cost went down by 9.4% (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The establishment of CPC may significantly shorten the D-to-B time, improve the short-term outcome and reduce the hospitalization cost for PPCI patients with STEMI.</p>

Measurements of NO and CO in Shanghai urban atmosphere by using quantum cascade lasers.

Nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) in Shanghai urban atmosphere have been measured during the EXPO 2010 by an optical trace gas monitoring system based on room-temperature pulsed quantum cascade lasers (QCL). The results showed obvious diurnal variation in their concentrations. A great correlation was found by analyzing the diurnal variation, indicating common emission sources for both NO and CO. However analysis of the data from street canyon measurements showed that on a vehicle-by-vehicle basis NO emissions correlated only weakly with CO emissions. A possible explanation to this issue has been given.

Establishment of acute pulmonary edema model induced by high concentrations of nitrogen dioxide in rats / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish the rats model of acute pulmonary edema induced by inhalation of high concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>38 SD rats were divided into the experimental group (n = 30) and the control group (n = 8). 30 rats in the experimental group were exposed to (6747.47 ± 25.24) mg/m(3) NO2 in the exposure system. At the time point of 6, 12, 18, 24 h, chest X-ray examination was taken for the experimental group. And at each time point, 6 rats were sacrificed after taking blood samples. After sacrificing, the lung of rats was taken for pathological examination and calculated lung wet/dry weight ratio. Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) concentration of blood samples were detected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Acute pulmonary edema was successfully induced by exposure to NO2 in 30 rats within 24 hours. There were some cloudy shadows without clear edge on the chest X-ray. To the time point of 12 hours, shadows combined with each other, and to the time point of 18 hours, the whole lung became "white" on the X-ray. The situation stabilized but not improved at the time point of 24 hours. HE staining of the lung tissue showed that to the time point of 6 hours, the alveolar gap increased and small amount of eosinophilic liquid leaked into alveolar. To the time point of 12 hours, alveolar combined with each other and eosinophilic liquid increased in amount. To the time point of 18 hours, the whole alveolar was filled with eosinophilic liquid and the situation stabilized till the time point of 24 hours. Wet/dry weight ratio of the experimental group at each time point were 5.6 ± 0.20, 6.89 ± 0.25, 8.03 ± 0.47, 7.81 ± 0.45. There was significant difference compared with the control group which was 4.72 ± 0.06 (P < 0.01). There was statistical difference between 12, 18, 24 h and 6 h time points (P < 0.01). Moreover, statistical difference was observed between 18, 24 h and 12 h time points for wet/dry weight ratio (P < 0.01). The erythrocyte SOD activity reduced significantly. Compared with the control group, there was a statistical difference (P < 0.01) at each time point. After exposure of 18 and 24 hours, plasma ANP concentration (136.66 ± 35.37) and (134.10 ± 60.41) ng/ml respectively, which were higher than (31.31 ± 13.06) ng/ml of control group and (34.71 ± 13.42) ng/ml of 6 hours time point and (47.98 ± 7.86) ng/ml. The differences were significant (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>High concentrations of NO2 can induce acute pulmonary edema model successfully in SD rats.</p>

Effect of Aike Mixture on the inflammatory infiltration in patients with chronic prostatitis type III A / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of Aike Mixture (AKM) on prostatic inflammatory infiltration in patients with chronic prostatitis type III A (III A-CP/CPPS) and evaluate its anti-inflammatory action. METHODS METHODS: A total of 60 patients with III A-CP/CPPS suitable to operation and differentiated as Chinese medicine: Gan qi stagnancy syndrome type were selected. They were assigned with the random number table to two groups equally. Before operation, the patients in the treated group were administered with Proscar combined with AKM, but those in the control group treated with Proscar only. Suprapubic transvesical prostatectomy was performed two weeks later, and prostatic pathological examination was conducted.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Grading of: inflammatory cell infiltration showed that the mean grade in the treated group was 0.78 ± 0.90 grades, which was significantly lower than that in the control group 1.68 ± 0.87 grades (P<0.05). However, the two groups were not different in the grades of fibroblast proliferation (1.50 ± 0.70 grades vs 1.62 ± 0.87 grades, P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>AKM could suppress the inflammatory cell infiltration, be an effective and safe remedy for the treatment of IIIA-CP/CPPS of Gan-qi stagnancy syndrome type, and worthy for spreading in clinical use.</p>

Comparative analysis between biopsy-diagnosed high grade intraepithelial neoplasia in the gastric mucosa and postoperative pathological findings / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association between the morphological features of biopsy-diagnosed high grade intraepithelial neoplasia in the gastric mucosa and the postoperative pathology.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-one patients with biopsy-diagnosed high grade intraepithelial neoplasia in the gastric mucosa were retrospectively analyzed. Thirty-three patients underwent surgery. The morphology of lesions under endoscopy and histopathological findings of the surgical specimens were investigated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 51 patients, 43 had superficial lesions similar to early gastric cancer under endoscopy, 8 were similar to advanced carcinoma. In the 33 surgical cases, high grade intraepithelial neoplasia of gastric mucosa was confirmed on postoperative pathological examination in 13 (39.4%) patients, adenocarcinoma was identified in the remaining 20 patients (60.6%), including 14 early gastric cancers and 6 advanced carcinomas. Thirteen cases with high grade intraepithelial neoplasia confirmed postoperatively were superficial elevated or flat lesions less than 20 mm.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Patients with biopsy-diagnosed high grade intraepithelial neoplasia in the gastric mucosa have a high risk of cancer. Thus aggressive follow-up and appropriate surgical interventions are recommended to avoid misdiagnosis.</p>

Association between multi-noninvasive indexes and mild coronary stenosis / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the changes of multi-noninvasive indexes including endothelial function, arterial flexibility, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and serum inflammatory cytokines in patients with mild coronary stenosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and five patients were divided into three groups according to the result of coronary angiography: coronary heart disease (stenosis > or = 50% in at least one coronary segment), mild coronary stenosis (stenosis < 50% in at least one coronary segment) and control group (normal coronary). Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and ankle-brachial index (ABI), reflecting arterial flexibility and the lower extremity vascular disease respectively, were measured by a Colin system, carotid artery IMT was detected echocardiographically. Serum levels of NO, vWF, hs-CRP were measured before coronary angiography in all patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>baPWV [(1482 +/- 155) cm/s vs. (1249 +/- 158) cm/s] and carotid IMT [(0.88 +/- 0.18) mm vs. (0.72 +/- 0.20) mm] were significantly higher while serum levels of NO [(64 +/- 17) micromol/L vs. (83 +/- 17) micromol/L] was significantly lower in mild coronary stenosis group than those in control group (all P < 0.05). vWF, ABI and hs-CRP were similar between the two groups (all P > 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that NO, baPWV, smoking are independent predicting factors for mild coronary stenosis (all P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Endothelial dysfunction, reduction of the arterial flexibility as well as increased serum inflammation were associated with mild coronary stenosis.</p>

Protective effects of estrogen on mitochondria in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the protective effects of estrogen on the mitochondria in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>HUVECs were exposed to H2O2 at 250 micromol/L for 4 h with or without pretreatment with 17-estradiol (E2) and ICI182780. Complex IV activity of the cells was measured with chromometry, and 2, 7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) was used to determine intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level was quantified with a luciferin- and luciferase-based assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared to the blank control group, H2O2 caused a decrease in complex IV activity, intracellular ATP level, and the cell viability, but elevated intracellular ROS. E2 pretreatment of cells significantly attenuated these effects of H2O2 exposure. ICI182780 administered prior to E2 pretreatment antagonized the protective effects of E2 against H2O2 exposure.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>E2 offers mitochondrial protective effects on HUVECs, which is mediated by the estrogen receptors.</p>

Relationship between dehydroepiandrosterone and arteriosclerosis in premenopausal and postmenopausal women / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the correlation between dehydroepiandrosterone and arteriosclerosis in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty premenopausal and 40 postmenopausal women were examined for serum concentrations of dehydroepiandrosterone and intima-media thickness of the carotid artery, and the serum concentrations of lipids, estrogen, endothelin, and E-selectin were also measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with premenopausal women, the mean intima-media thickness was increased but dehydroepiandrosterone and estrogen levels were decreased in postmenopausal women. A significant inverse correlation was detected between the intima-media thicknesses and dehydroepiandrosterone level. The postmenopausal women had decreased antioxidation and elevated low-density lipoprotein level.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Arteriosclerosis is more likely to occur in women with low dehydroepiandrosterone level which causes decreased antioxidation and elevation of blood lipid levels.</p>

Clinical features of coronary artery spasm patients with or without myocardial bridge / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical features of coronary artery spasm patients with or without myocardial bridge and explore the roles of endothelial dysfunction in these patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred eighteen patients undergone acetylcholine provoking test were divided into myocardial bridge (MB) group (n = 26) and non-myocardial bridge (NMB) group (n = 92). The results of acetylcholine test, treadmill exercise electrocardiography, stress myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, plasma level of endothelin-1 and nitric oxide were compared between MB group and NMB group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Coronary artery spasm was induced in 21 patients in MB group (81%) and 52 patients in NMB group (57%, P < 0.05). Positive treadmill electrocardiography was obtained in 19 patients in MB group (73%) and 7 patients in NMB group (8%, P < 0.001). Ischemic perfusion defect in 20 (77%) and 9 patients (10%, P < 0.001) and reverse redistribution in 23 (88%) and 68 patients (74%, P > 0.05). Patients showed different clinical features in MB group and NMB group (more short-duration exertional angina and could not be readily released by nitroglycerine in MB group while more patients experienced long-lasting variant angina and symptoms could be readily released by nitroglycerine). Plasma endothelin-1 level was significantly higher [(132.1 +/- 6.5) ng/L vs. (108.5 +/- 8.2) ng/L, P < 0.01] while nitric oxide was significant lower [(84.7 +/- 17.5) ng/L vs. (99.8 +/- 18.2) ng/L, P < 0.05] in MB group compared to NMB group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MB patients were prone to coronary artery spasm partly due to endothelial dysfunction. Patients with MB and coronary artery spasm also showed classic clinical symptoms and positive stress tests for ischemia.</p>

Clinical study on treatment of acute paraquat poisoning / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical therapeutic effect of methylprednisolone combined with cyclophosphamide and Etanercept method on acute paraquat poisoning.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>136 patients with acute paraquat poisoning were divided into the normal therapy group and the intensive therapy group randomly. Methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide and Etanercept were used in the intensive therapy group. Methylprednisolone 500 mg was given intravenously per day for continuous three days followed by 200 mg intravenous per day. Then methylprednisolone was decreased gradually 14 d or 21 d later according to the patient's condition. Cyclophosphamide 600 mg was given intravenously twice weekly for 2 weeks and Etanercept 25 mg was given hypodermic injection twice weekly for 3 weeks. Curative effect evaluation was done at 7, 14, 21 d and 12 weeks after therapy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The survival rate of the intensive therapy group was obviously higher than that of the normal therapy group (P<0.01) on 7, 4, 21 d and 12 weeks. The cure rate of the intensive group were 94.6% (intake dose<50 ml 20% paraquat solution), 75.0% (intake dose 50 approximately 100 ml 20% paraquat solution), 12.5% (intake dose>100 ml 20% paraquat solution) respectively, while the cure rate of the normal group were 16.7% (intake dose<50 ml 20% paraquat solution), 8.3% (intake dose 50 approximately 100 ml 20% paraquat solution), 0% (intake dose>100 ml 20% paraquat solution) respectively. The total cure rate of the intensive therapy group (78.3%) 12 weeks later was higher than that of the normal group (11.9%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Methylprednisolone combined with cyclophosphamide and Etanercept intensive therapy has the curative effect on acute paraquat poisoning.</p>

A new synthetic tripeptide inhibits L-arginine transport in macrophages / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of a new synthetic tripeptide [Arg(NO(3))- Lys(OCH(3))- Arg(NO(3))] on L-arginine/NO pathway in the macrophage cell strain RAW246.7.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The cultured macrophages exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 microg/L) treatment were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=6) and treated with distilled water, 1x10(-4) mol/L tripeptide and 1x10(-4) mol/L L-arginine, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) for 24 h, respectively. The macrophages were incubated for 24 h with LPS (1 microg/L) and in the presence of different concentrations of L-arginine (0 to 2 mmol/L), or in normal culture medium (containing 0.5 mmol/L L-arginine) for 24 h with LPS (1 microg/L) and in the presence of tripeptide of 0 to 10x10(-4) mol/L. The changes of [(3)H]-L-arginine transport and NO production from the macrophages were measured.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>NO release from macrophages incubated in the LPS-containing culture medium was 50 folds, and [(3)H]-L-arginine uptake 2.7 folds that in cells in normal culture medium. Tripeptide (1x10(-4) mol/L) inhibited [(3)H]-L-arginine transport and NO production by 67% and 71% respectively. The effect of tripeptide was stronger than L-NMMA (P<0.05). Extracellular L-arginine caused a concentration-dependent increase in nitrite production, which reached the maximum at concentrations above 0.5 mmol/L Km for nitrite production of 0.162+/-0.015 mmol/L and Vmax of 91.2+/-2.3 micromol/(24h.10(6) cells). L-arginine transport and NO production were inhibited by tripeptide, but their dose-dependent pattern of changes was different with EC50 of 0.21x10(-4) mol/L and 1.27x10(-4) mol/L, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Activation of macrophages with LPS induces nitrite accumulation in the culture medium, which is dependent on the presence of extracellular L-arginine. The tripeptide induces dysfunction of L-arginine/NO pathway in macrophages, potently inhibits L-arginine transport and competitively combine the active sites of nitric oxide synthase.</p>

Relationship between bFGF mRNA and MMP-9 mRNA expression in gastric carcinoma and their clinicopathological features as well as patients survival / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the mRNA expression of bFGF and MMP-9 in gastric carcinomas and to find their correlation with tumor microvascular density (MVD), invasion, metastasis and patients survival.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry technique were used to test the expression of bFGF mRNA and MMP-9 mRNA and protein of CD34 in 105 specimens of gastric carcinoma.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In situ hybridization revealed that the positive rates of bFGF mRNA and MMP-9 mRNA were 60.95 and 58.1%, respectively; The mean MVD (46.09 +/- 11.52, 43.75 +/- 13.41 piece/0.72 mm(2)) in tumors with bFGF mRNA and MMP-9 mRNA positive expression was significantly higher than that (29.41 +/- 12.47; 33.45 +/- 13.92 piece/0.72 mm(2)) in tumors with their negative expression, respectively; The positive expression rates of bFGF and MMP-9 mRNA were correlated to invasion depth (r(s) = 0.211, P = 0.031; r(s) = 0.335, P = 0.001, respectively), growing pattern (r(s) = 0.324, P = 0.001; r(s) = 0.267, P = 0.006, respectively), vessel invasion (r(s) = 0.579, P = 0.001; r(s) = 0.209, P = 0.032, respectively), lymph node metastasis (r(s) = 0.405, P = 0.001; r(s) = 0.343, P = 0.001, respectively) and distant metastasis (r(s) = 0.474, P = 0.001; r(s) = 0.468, P = 0.001, respectively), but not correlated to tumor type (r(s) = 0.134, P = 0.173; r(s) = 0.103, P = 0.145, respectively) and differentiation (r(s) = 0.096, P = 0.332; r(s) = 0.102, P = 0.298, respectively); And then, the mean MVD in tumors with infiltrating type, stage T(3)-T(4), vessel invasion, lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis was significantly higher than that in tumors with expanding type (t = 10.105, P = 0.001), stage T(1)-T(2) (t = 5.961, P = 0.001), non-vessel invasion (t = 7.394, P = 0.001), non-lymph node metastasis (t = 3.819, P = 0.01) and non-distant metastasis (r = 10.578, P = 0.001); There was a positive relationship between MVD and bFGF mRNA and MMP-9 mRNA (t = 3.207, P = 0.002; t = 7.035, P = 0.001), respectively; the mean survival time in cases with positive bFGF mRNA and MMP-9 mRNA and MVD value >/= 39.5 was significantly shorter than that in cases with their negative expression and MVD value < 39.5.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>bFGF and MMP-9 promote angiogenesis in gastric cancer. Test of the expression of bFGF and MMP-9 may act as an useful index to determine angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis and patients survival.</p>