Serological chemiluminescence immunoassay for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

OBJECTIVE: Dynamic monitoring of the concentration variation of IgM and IgG in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections and exploring their diagnostic value for coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). METHODS: A total of 15 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled as the COVID-19 group, and 50 patients were enrolled as the control group. The concentrations of SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies (IgM and IgG) were detected by a chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA). RESULTS: According to the cutoff value recommended by the manufacturer (cutoff = 10 AU/mL), the sensitivity, specificity, Youden index (YI), positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of IgM were 60%, 100%, 60%, 100%, and 89.29%, respectively; and 86.67%, 100%, 86.67%, 100%, and 96.15%, respectively, for IgG. We reassessed the cutoff value of IgM. When the cutoff value for SARS-CoV-2 IgM was 1.83 AU/mL, the sensitivity, specificity, YI, PPV, and NPV were 93.33%, 98%, 91.33%, 93.33%, and 98%, respectively. During dynamic monitoring of the concentrations of IgM and IgG in COVID-19 patients, we found the shortest times before a patient became IgM and IgG seropositive after symptom onset were 1.5 and 2 days, respectively. The longest times were 7 and 8 days, respectively. The positive rates of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG both reached 100% in 8-14 days after symptom onset. CONCLUSION: The IgM cutoff value of 1.83 AU/mL for the diagnosis of COVID-19 was much better than the cutoff suggested by the manufacturer. SARS-CoV-2 infection can be ruled out if antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 are still undetectable 14 days after symptom onset.

Orthogonal design optimization in synthesis of novel triazole antifungal com-pounds as key intermediates / 药学实践杂志

Objective To optimize novel triazole antifungal compounds synthesis of key intermediates.Methods The or-thogonal experimental design is used,emphasizing on four factors including the reaction temperature,the weight ratio of mate-rial,reaction time and solvent on the yield.Results The effect of reaction temperature on the reaction yield is the most signifi-cant,followed by reaction time ;the weight ratio of material and solvent on the yield impact is not obvious.Conclusion The new technology has several advantages and yields up to about 50%,less reactive impurities,easy post processing.

Research progress of fluconazole derivatives / 药学实践杂志

Fluconazole,the third generation of triazole-antifungal drug,becomes the first choice in the treatment of fun-gal infection due to its broad antifungal spectrum,good water solubility and low toxicity.With an increasingly drug-resistant strain,developing new fluconazole derivatives is becoming an attractive topic.This review mainly indicates that people can get new fluconazole derivatives used by clinic through structural modification of fluconazole,which will give clues for advanced re-search.

Research progress in the synthesis of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) GM3 and de rivatives / 药学实践杂志

Glycosylation is the key step of the synthesis of GM3 ,its reaction conditions are very harsh ,the stereoselec‐tivities are usually poor ,and the configuration of anomeric carbon is difficult to control .Whetherαglycosidic bond can be con‐structed efficiently in sialylation reactions is an important criteria used to evaluate the reaction quality .Studies of GM3 and de‐rivatives methods generally relates to following areas :the choice of the donor compounds and receptor compounds ,the control of stereoselectivity ,and the development of some new glycosidic reaction catalyst .In recent years ,important progress has been made in this research area .Now ,we predominately make a summary and review on the progress of methods for the synthesis of GM3 and derivatives .

Research progress in the synthesis of antigen Bacillus anthracis tetrasaccharide / 药学实践杂志

Objective Anthrax is an anthropozoonosis caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis .Bacillus anthracis is an aerobic ,spore-forming ,rod-shaped bacterium ,which infects human through ingestion or inhalation of the spores .The exos-porium of spores of Bacillus anthracis contains tetrasaccharide antigen with specific chemical structure ,which can be used in preparation of glycoconjugates vaccines ,inducing an immune response .This paper reviewed articles in the last decade that re-ported research advances in chemical synthesis of anthrax tetrasaccharide ,presented the methods for synthesis ,and compared the advantages and limitations among different methods .

Epidemiological Features of Syphilis Infection: A Retrospective Analysis in 2001-2004 / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To conduct a retrospective analysis on epidemiological features of syphilis infections(documented) in our hospital.METHODS Patient data archived in an electronic case(history) system of syphilis(infection) were statistically analyzed with a(professional) statistic software package.RESULTS Totally 3 308(outpatient) cases were examined during 2001-2004 period,495 cases were positive in syphilis infection and the(positive) rate was 15.0%.Meanwhile,14 452 inpatient cases were monitored,the number of positive cases and positive rate of syphilis infection were 136 and 0.94%,respectively.The annual rates of syphilis(infection) were(increased) by 38.3%(during) the period of time tested.The percentage of female patients was on increment too on yearly basis.There was a significant difference on the gender distribution of syphilis infection(u=9.06,(P