Checklist of colourless euglenoids of the Czech Republic, with several taxonomic additions.

This study presents the results of a complex survey of freshwater heterotrophic euglenoids in the Czech Republic, including both literature data and own field surveys of 469 sites visited in the course of three years. The checklist includes 189 taxa in 28 genera: Anisonema (10), Astasia (26), Atraktomonas (1), Calycimonas (2), Chasmostoma (1), Dinematomonas (3), Distigma (8), Dylakosoma (1), Entosiphon (4), Euglena (1), Gyropaigne (1), Heteronema (19), Jenningsia (11), Khawkinea (1), Lepocinclis (1), Menoidium (7), Neometanema (3), Notosolenus (18), Petalomonas (40), Phacus (1), Ploeotia (2), Pseudoperanema (7), Rhabdomonas (5), Scytomonas (1), Sphenomonas (5), Teloprocta (1) Tropidocyphus (1), Urceolus (4), and 4 species of uncertain identity. In addition, a general description of habitat types in which the taxa were found and a review of the current taxonomy and nomenclature of included taxa are provided. Several taxonomic and nomenclatural novelties are proposed, based on the review of morphological features, mostly applying to the genera Notosolenus and Jenningsia.

Discovery of Unusual Cyanobacterial Tryptophan-Containing Anabaenopeptins by MS/MS-Based Molecular Networking.

Heterocytous cyanobacteria are among the most prolific sources of bioactive secondary metabolites, including anabaenopeptins (APTs). A terrestrial filamentous Brasilonema sp. CT11 collected in Costa Rica bamboo forest as a black mat, was studied using a multidisciplinary approach: genome mining and HPLC-HRMS/MS coupled with bioinformatic analyses. Herein, we report the nearly complete genome consisting of 8.79 Mbp with a GC content of 42.4%. Moreover, we report on three novel tryptophan-containing APTs; anabaenopeptin 788 (1), anabaenopeptin 802 (2), and anabaenopeptin 816 (3). Furthermore, the structure of two homologues, i.e., anabaenopeptin 802 (2a) and anabaenopeptin 802 (2b), was determined by spectroscopic analysis (NMR and MS). Both compounds were shown to exert weak to moderate antiproliferative activity against HeLa cell lines. This study also provides the unique and diverse potential of biosynthetic gene clusters and an assessment of the predicted chemical space yet to be discovered from this genus.

Trachelomonas bituricensis var. lotharingia M.L. Poucques 1952, a morphologically interesting, rare euglenoid new to the algal flora of the Czech Republic.

This report describes the discovery of the rare euglenoid taxon Trachelomonas bituricensis var. lotharingia in a small mesotrophic pond in the Czech Republic. Only limited data are available on the distribution of this taxon as same as for typical variety of Trachelomonas bituricensis, even though this taxon is morphologically very well defined. I provide a brief discussion of the taxonomic validity of this taxon based only on morphological features, which are characteristic for the taxonomy of the genus Trachelomonas. This finding is completely new for the algal flora of the Czech Republic. This report provides new information about the worldwide distribution of this taxon and its ecology.