RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) constitutes 3 percent of all cancers with predominant occurrence in middle aged and elderly males. Tumour recurrence worsens disease prognosis and decreases quality of life in patients with OSCC. Proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) have been suggested to play a certain role in variety of tumours. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of pretreatment serum IL-6 and TNF-α levels on tumour recurrence in patients with OSCC in order to identify potential biomarkers for the early detection of disease recurrence. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The patients with newly diagnosed OSCC were treated and followed from the first visit from November 2006 until January 2008. Serum IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations were measured. The records of the patients were re-examined in July 2012 and data were recorded about cancer characteristics and tumour recurrence. Disease free survival was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival curves, log rank test and Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS: Serum IL-6 was shown as an independent risk factor for tumour recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Pretreatment serum IL-6 concentration may be a useful biomarker for identification of OSCC patients with increased risk of the disease recurrence
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Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/uso terapêutico , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de Células Escamosas/diagnóstico , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/complicações , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico , Fatores de Risco , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
There are few topical formulations used for oral medicine applications most of which have been developed for the management of dermatological conditions. As such, numerous obstacles are faced when utilizing these preparations in the oral cavity, namely enzymatic degradation, taste, limited surface area, poor tissue penetration and accidental swallowing. In this review, we discuss common mucosal diseases such as oral cancer, mucositis, vesiculo-erosive conditions, infections, neuropathic pain and salivary dysfunction, which could benefit from topical delivery systems designed specifically for the oral mucosa, which are capable of sustained release. Each condition requires distinct penetration and drug retention profiles in order to optimize treatment and minimize side effects. Local drug delivery may provide a more targeted and efficient drug-delivery option than systemic delivery for diseases of the oral mucosa. We identify those mucosal diseases currently being treated, the challenges that must be overcome and the potential of novel therapies. Novel biological therapies such as macromolecular biological drugs, peptides and gene therapy may be of value in the treatment of many chronic oral conditions and thus in oral medicine if their delivery can be optimized.
Assuntos
Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos , Doenças da Boca/tratamento farmacológico , Fatores Biológicos/uso terapêutico , Preparações de Ação Retardada , Terapia Genética , Humanos , Substâncias Macromoleculares/uso terapêutico , Terapia de Alvo Molecular , Mucosa Bucal/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias Bucais/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças das Glândulas Salivares/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Triple A (four A; Allgrove syndrome) syndrome is a an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by alacrimia, achalasia, adrenocortical insufficiency, and various neurological abnormalities. We report a case of triple A syndrome in a 14-year-old female patient together with oral manifestations. The importance of this case report is to highlight the necessity of referring the young patients with xerostomia from dental to medical specialists.
