Reference Values of the Hemostasis System Indices in Cosmonauts.

The values of 11 diagnostically significant hemostasis system indices in venous blood were determined during the preflight (30-45 days before start) clinical and physiological examination of 39 cosmonauts aged 35 to 54 who were the members of the main and backup crews of missions to the International Space Station in the period from 2007 to 2014. Since most of the cosmonauts performed several flights during this period, and they were repeatedly included in backup crews, each of the cosmonauts underwent preflight examinations one to five times. The reference values were calculated for each of the studied indices. It was'found that the reference ranges for parameters indicative of integral pro-, anticoagulant and fibrinolytic potential were narrowed and close to the boundaries of ranges for the general population,- which indicates that the cosmonauts had relatively decreased procoagulant potential and increased hemostasis regulative.potential. This was probably due to the criteria of selection, physical training status, and emotional status of crew members during the preflight professional activity, when the adaptive changes against the stress-inducing effects occur in the organism. The cosmonauts who underwent strict medical examination may also have some genetic features which provide higher body resistance and more rapid adaptation processes.

[The Status of Hemostasis System in Hypoxic Nitrogen-Oxygen and Argon-Oxygen Diving Gases].

In this study the effect of factors of hermetic chamber with modified gas medium on the hemostasis system is analyzed in order to estimate and to compare different diving breathing gases. The parameters characterizing pro-, anticoagulant as well as fibrinolytic components of hemostasis were determined using clotting, chromogenic and immunological methods. The applied exposure did not affect the activity and regulatory potential of hemostasis significantly; however, the nitrogen-oxygen and argon-oxygen diving gases have a different effect on the hemostasis functioning, especially in the recovery period.