[Effects of potassium chloride and triamterene on kaliuresis, natriuresis and diuresis in congestive heart failure]. / Vliianie khloristogo kaliia i triamterena na kaliurez, natriiurez i diurez pri zastoinoi serdechnoi nedostatochnosti.

KCl and triamterene were given to 52 patients (27 males and 25 females with CHF) aged 21-82 years. Large-dose KCl (6 g daily) apparently stimulate kaliuresis, natriuresis and diuresis. As a rule, this is associated with a rise or a fall of plasma potassium concentrations. In the latter case potassium elimination runs more actively and may involve both introduced and body's potassium. As low and moderate doses of KCl (1-4 g daily) showed neither natriuretic nor diuretic effects while enhanced kaliuresis occurred in half of the patients only, did not lower potassium concentrations in plasma they are preferable. Daily treatment with triamterene is characterized by inhibition of its K-retaining action on administration day 2-3. Within first 2 days of triamterene discontinuation all the retained K eliminates from the body. Diuretics-induced metabolic alkalosis decreased intensification of natriuresis and diuresis resultant from large-dose KCl treatment.

[Toxic adverse effects of oxygen therapy in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis]. / Toksicheskoe pobochnoe deistvie kislorodoterapii pri khronicheskom obstruktivnom bronkhite.

Seventy-eight patients aged 16-78 (48 males and 30 females) in whom COB ran with respiratory insufficiency stage II and III (51 and 27 patients, respectively) and cor pulmonale stage II-A, II-B and III (28, 26 and 8 patients, respectively) received normal-pressure oxygen for 10 min. Posttreatment examinations were performed for pulmonary function, acid and alkaline reactions, oxygen metabolism and blood flow rate. The frequency and intensity of PaCO2 rise in COB patients on oxygen therapy are shown to correlate with severity of restrictive respiratory insufficiency (RRI) and hypoxemia, to relate to reduced capacity of oxygenated hemoglobin for CO2 transport, being independent of the lost hypoxemic stimulus on the respiratory center. Elevated PaCO2 in COB patients on oxygen therapy is not a contraindication to its administration, though dictates its short duration (10-15 min 1-2 times an hour). Complete intolerance to oxygen therapy arose in 5.1% of the COB patients with manifest RRI (VC of due VC being 21.1 +/- 4.13%) and hypoxemia (% HBO2 being 52.6 +/- 8.01%). In effective treatment these patients diminished RRI and restored tolerance to oxygen therapy.

[Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of diuretics]. / Sravnitel'naia otsenka éffektivnosti diuretikov

The study was conducted in 118 patients with cardiac and pulmonary lesions, aged 18 to 75 years. Among the diuretics the leading role belongs to Uregyt, and Lasix, as judged by their natriuretic and diuretic action, then follow Nuvorit, Hypothiaside and Brinaldix. Renese (polythiaside) produces the same diuretic effect as Nuvorit and Hypothiaside. Renese, Hypothiaside, Lasix and Uregyt enhance kaliuresis and often reduce potassium blood plasma concentrations, while Nuvorit and Brinaldix increase kaliuresis least of all, and often increase the potassium blood plasma level. Within two days of discontinuing Thriamterene nearly all body potassium that was retained under the effect of this drug is excreted. Nuvorit, Hypothiaside, Renese, Brinaldix, Lasix, Uregyt cause similar changes in the acid-base balance (respiratory and metabolic alkalosis), and produce no effect upon the acid-base balance rather seldom. Lasix and Uregyt cause metabolic alkalosis more often than other diuretics. Apart from that, Hypothiaside also causes respiratory acidosis in 1/4 of the patients.