RESUMO
Contexte : L'etat nutritionnel des enfants est un indicateur mondial de son bien-etre et indirectement celui de sa communaute. Les objectifs de ce travail consistent a evaluer l'etat nutritionnel des enfants ages de moins de cinq ans du quartier Bongonga de Lubumbashi; en RD Congo; et ses determinants. Methodes : Une enquete transversale a ete menee; dans des menages; aupres de 1963 enfants. Outre les variables anthropometriques; les conditions de vie ont egalement ete relevees. Une regression logistique a ete appliquee. Resultats : Les prevalences etaient de 33;5de retard de croissance et 3;8d'emaciation. En regression logistique; le niveau d'etude de la mere (moins de 7 ans); l'absence d'un robinet d'eau potable dans la parcelle; l'age superieur a 11 mois et la duree de sejour de l'enfant dans le quartier inferieure a 3 mois etaient significativement associes a un risque accru de retard de croissance. Le niveau bas d'etude de la mere et l'age de l'enfant (12 mois ou plus) etaient significativement associes du retard de croissance severe. Par ailleurs; l'anorexie; la diarrhee; la souffrance et l'age de l'enfant (moins de 12 mois) etaient les determinants significatifs d'une emaciation. Conclusion : Comparee a la classification de l'Organisation Mondiale de la Sante; la prevalence du retard de croissance est elevee et celle de l'emaciation basse. Afin de reduire la mortalite; la morbidite et contribuer au bien-etre de la population; il faut integrer ces facteurs dans toute intervention
Assuntos
Pré-Escolar , Insuficiência de CrescimentoRESUMO
In a retrospective study covering the period from January 1/1980 to December 31/1984, the authors found 1535 stillborn infants in the maternity unit of Gecamines Sendwe. The stillbirth rate was very high (30.80 per 1000). It was found that all the pregnancies in which the outcome was fatal for the fetus had not been adequately supervised: 17.84 per cent of women were never examined during their pregnancy while 82.15 per cent underwent less four prenatal visits. The group of primipara and secondipara was predominant (61.88 per cent) between the mothers which had stillborn infants. Urinary tract infection (23.95 per cent) and malaria (17.55 per cent) were the most frequent diseases found in this series.
Assuntos
Parto Obstétrico/normas , Morte Fetal/epidemiologia , Complicações na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Cuidado Pré-Natal/normas , Adolescente , Adulto , Parto Obstétrico/métodos , República Democrática do Congo/epidemiologia , Feminino , Morte Fetal/etiologia , Idade Gestacional , Humanos , Mortalidade Infantil , Recém-Nascido , Idade Materna , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Unidade Hospitalar de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia , Paridade , Gravidez , Resultado da Gravidez , Cuidado Pré-Natal/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
A clinical and biological study was conducted between September 1, 1983 and August 31, 1984, at the Sendwe Maternity Hospital in Lubumbashi, concerning anemia in pregnant women. This prospective study showed that 41.90 p. cent of women in this series are anemic. Per order of frequency, the anemia was normocytic in 291 patients (62.85 p. cent), microcytic in 216 (25.04 p. cent) and macrocytic in 56 (12.10 p. cent). Among the etiological factors, the most important are: poor socioeconomic development, multiple intestinal parasites and malaria. Moreover, it should be pointed out that young primiparous women represent 36 p. cent of the cases, or more than one-third of the population. In anemias occurring during pregnancy, the fetus is more vulnerable than the mother. He is the victim of a number of accidents, the most frequent in this series being intrauterine growth delay.
