Hesperidin Modulates Troponin-1 Serum Level and Decrease Heart Tissue Injury of Irradiated Rats.

BACKGROUND: The heart is the major dose-limiting organ for radiotherapy of malignant tumor in the mediastanal region. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the radio protective effects of Hesperidin (HES) as a natural flavonoid after localized irradiation of the rat's mediastinum region. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this experimental study, we divided sixty male rats into 4 groups (n=15). First group: Sham which received PBS; second group: Hesperidin only (100 mg/kg/day orally) for one week; third group: Radiation that received single dose of 20 Gy gamma radiation using Co-60 unit and the forth group: Radiation+HES that underwent the same dose of radiation and received HES for 7 days prior irradiation. Each group was divided in two branches. Early sampling from subgroup one was done 4-6 hours after irradiation to determine troponin-1 level changes. Rats of second subgroups were killed 56 days after irradiation for histopathological evidence. RESULTS: In radiation group, troponin -1 serum level had a significant increase in comparison with sham group (P<0.05). Histopathological evaluation of second subgroup showed there was a significant difference between sham and radiation group in some parameters. Inflammation (p=0.008), pericardial effusion (P=0.001), and vascular plaque (P=0.001) had an increase in the irradiation group. Oral administration of hesperidin significantly decreased all the above factors when was compared with irradiation group (P>0.016). CONCLUSION: Oral administration of Hesperidine for seven days prior radiotherapy may decrease troponin-1 and cardiac injury due to radiation.

Protection effect of cerium oxide nanoparticles against radiation-induced acute lung injuries in rats.

INTRODUCTION: Radiation therapy is one of the most common tools for treating cancer. The aim is to deliver adequate doses of radiation to kill cancer cells and the most challenging part during this procedure is to protect normal cells from radiation. One strategy is to use a radioprotector to spare normal tissues from ionizing radiation effects. Researchers have pursued cerium oxide nanoparticles as a therapeutic agent, due to its diverse characteristics, which include antioxidant properties, making it a potential radioprotector. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred rats were divided into five groups of A) control group, intraperitoneal (IP) saline injection was done twice a week; B) bi-weekly IP injection of 14.5 nM (0.00001 mg/kg) CNP for two weeks; C) a single whole thorax radiation dose of 18 Gy; D) a single whole thorax radiation dose of 18 Gy + bi-weekly injection of 14.5 nM CNP for two weeks after radiation; E) bi-weekly IP injection of 14.5 nM CNP for two weeks prior to radiation + a single whole thorax radiation dose of 18 Gy. Thirty days after irradiation, 7 rats from each group were anesthetized and their lungs extracted for histopathological examination. RESULTS: Statistical analyses revealed that CNP significantly decreased the incidence of tissue collapse and neutrophile aggregation in rats receiving CNP before radiation in comparison with the radiation group. CONCLUSION: The results suggested the possibility of using CNP as a future radioprotector due to its ability to protect normal cells against radiation-induced damage.

Targeted transgastric drainage of isolated pancreatic duct segments to cure persistent pancreaticocutaneous fistulas from pancreatitis.

Chronic pancreaticocutaneous fistulas can be difficult to treat. This article presents a snare-target technique for draining a nondilated pancreatic duct into the stomach, diverting pancreatic fluid away from the pancreaticocutaneous fistula to allow it to heal. Internal or internal/external transgastric pancreatic duct or fistula drains were placed in six patients. After an average of 4 months of drainage, all six patients experienced resolution of the cutaneous fistula. Two patients developed a pseudocyst but no recurrent fistula after drain removal, and the other four patients had no pseudocyst or fistula after an average 27-month follow-up (range, 6-74 mo).

Enhancing ablation: synergies with regional and systemic therapies.

Ablative therapies often achieve complete response in solid tumors smaller than 3 cm, but local control becomes rapidly less common with increasing tumor diameter. Combining treatment modalities can increase the local control rate for larger tumors. Demonstrating the value of this is not straightforward. The prognosis of patients with higher-stage disease may not be improved by better control of their index tumor if their natural history is progression of disease at other sites. Combination therapies will need prospective evaluation for each tumor type and stage in randomized trials to elucidate the role of integrated therapies in global cancer care.