[Experimental and clinical rationale for the use of atraumatic activated carbonic dressing in the treatment of burns]. / Obosnovanie v éksperimente i klinike primeneniia atravmatichnoi aktivirovannoi uglerodnoi tkani dlia lecheniia ozhogov.

Tests for functional properties of dressing material showed that in the degree of its atraumatic effect activated carbonated cloth takes an intermediate place between hydrophilic and hydrophobic materials. Atraumatic carbonated cloth is easily wettable with blood and drug solutions but absorbs them poorly. However, it exceeds medical gauze in the amount and fine mechanism of nitrafurazone adsorption whose molecules are chemically bound on the carbon fibre. In experiments on animals with deep burn wounds covered with carbonated dressings stimulation of regeneration processes was revealed morphologically. Clinical use of carbonated dressings for burn wounds is particularly effective in the early stages of the burn disease.

[Role of the functional state of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the pathogenesis of experimental sepsis]. / Rol' funktsional'nogo sostoianiia polimorfoiadernykh leikotsitov v patogeneze éksperimental'nogo sepsisa.

The functional states of the polynuclear leukocytes examined on the original experimental sepsis model have been studied. It has been shown that the bioactive factors of the microorganisms define the functional states of the polynuclear leukocytes. The features of the different forms of the sepsis are explained with such phenomenon.

[Comparative radioautographic evaluation of RNA synthesis in vivo and in biopsy material]. / Sravnitel'naia radioavtograficheskaia otsenka sinteza RNK v zhivom organizme i v biopsiinom materiale.

The liver, kidney, skin biopsies are able to incorporate actively 3H-uridine, and the maximum rate of RNA synthesis over the hepatocyte nuclei in the peripheral zone of the biopsies corresponds to relevant rates in vivo. Only the skin biopsies were distinguished by total cell labelling. Liver, renal, skin capillary endotheliocytes can serve intertissue marker of the diffusion depth of 3H-uridine.

[The use of the carbon dioxide laser in acute surgical infection of the soft tissues]. / Ispol'zovanie uglekislotnogo lazera pri ostroi khirurgicheskoi infektsii miagkikh tkanei.

Clinico-laboratory studies were conducted in 46 patients with wound infection for the treatment of which carbon-dioxide laser was used, and in 78 patients who were operated on with a metal scalpel (control). It is shown that "excision" and "evaporation" of tissues took 15-45 minutes. Repeated interventions were performed in 15% of cases due to bleeding from vessels measuring 1.0-1.5 mm in diameter. After surgical debridement with a scalpel the number of microbes reduced from 10(7)-10(9) to 10(3)-10(4) per g. After exposure to the laser beam this value was 10(1) but on day 3-4 it was 10(5)-10(6). The extent of the zone of coagulation necrosis in the zone exposed to the laser beams measured up to 500 microns, and began diminishing only on day 7-9 of postoperation. Suppuration of the wounds in 56% of patients of the main group treated by operation was in conformity with the results of bacteriological and morphological studies. In the control group this index was 15.4%. It is concluded that the use of carbon-dioxide laser as a "light scalpel" with subsequent primary closure of the wound is inexpedient. Its use in preparing a wound for closure with secondary sutures has no advantages over radical surgical debridement.

[Aspects of modeling, etiology and pathogenesis of experimental sepsis]. / Voprosy modelirovaniia, étiologii i patogeneza éksperimental'nogo sepsisa.

An experimental model of sepsis is developed that allows one to reproduce septicopyemia and septicemia taking into account the biological properties of bacteria which determine sepsis dynamics, its form and localization of metastatic pyemic foci. The dependence of the sepsis manifestation upon the functional state of polynuclear leucocytes is revealed. The irreversibility of the process after the bacterial colonisation of the inner organs is shown a general increase of the histohematic barrier permeability facilitates the release of flora, mainly intestinal one, into the circulation and organs.

[The role of a local infectious focus in the development of Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis (experimental research)]. / Rol' mestnogo infektsionnogo ochaga v razvitii sinegnoinogo sepsisa (éksperimental'noe issledovanie).

The dynamics of sepsis development and the formation of metastatic foci have been studied using an experimental model. It has been established, that at the initial stages, the process manifests itself by bacteremia and endotoxemic shock, as well as by the complex of vascular disorders. The dependence of the formation of metastatic abscesses on the terms of the primary focus excision as well as the irreversibility of sepsis at the definite stage of infectious process have been studied. It is supposed, that the primary focus initiates the cascade activation mechanism of the factors, that determine the transition of bacteremia to the stage of septicopyemia.

[An electron microscopic radioautographic study of the viability of human cells after death. The postmortem activation of RNA synthesis in neutrophils]. / Elektronno-radioavtograficheskoe issledovanie zhiznesposobnosti kletok cheloveka posle smerta. Posmertnaia aktivatsiia sinteza RNK v neitrofilakh.

RNA synthesis in human neutrophils isolated from blood 2.5-67 hours after death of patients was studied by means of light and electron microscopy radioautography. The rate of RNA synthesis in neutrophils isolated from blood of cadavers was higher in comparison with the same parameter in neutrophils isolated from survivor's blood. The significance of this observation for resuscitation and transplantology is discussed.

[Characteristics of vascular changes and hemostatic reaction of the body in nonspecific aorto-arteritis]. / Osobennosti izmenenii sosudov i gemostaticheskoi reaktsii organizma pri nespetsificheskom aorto-arteriite.

Laboratory criteria to differentiate diagnostically nonspecific aorto-arteritis with other forms of obliterating arterial diseases have been established by hemostatic, morphological and cytological investigations. Factors of plasmic hemostasis and platelet functional activity are able to indicate etiological cause of aortal lesion in noninvasive clinical examination. Identification of platelet--forming reaction type shows that nonspecific aorto--arteritis is characterized by "red" platelet formation and fibrinization of the body. Atherosclerotic stenosing proceeds by "white" thrombus formation associated with enhanced activity of platelet adhesion and aggregation.

[Significance of characteristics of microorganisms in the pathogenesis B. pyocyaneus infection (an experimental study)]. / Znachenie osobennostei mikroorganizmov v patogeneze sinegnoinogo sepsisa (éksperimental'noe issledovanie).

The experimental Pseudomonas Sepsis was induced by various strains. Biological features of these strains were different and various forms of sepsis were induced. The authors suggested that biological features of microorganisms cause the development of different and various forms of sepsis.

[Experimental study of new polymer dressings in the treatment of burn wounds]. / Eksperimental'noe izuchenie novogo polimernogo pokrytiia pri lechenii ozhogovoi rany.

Data on the experimental study of a new polymer coverage for treatment of burn wounds are presented in the article. Application of this coverage, which has a tanning and absorbing affect promotes formation of a dry eschar over a burn wound within the first two days after the accident. This allows to perform early chemical necrectomy on the 6-7th day after the accident. Microbiological investigations show that wound dissemination after application of the coverage remains low and is 3.5 +/- 0.1 per. 1.0 g of the tissue.

[Characteristics of the wound process in patients with burns treated by tube hyperalimentation]. / Osobennosti techeniia ranevogo protsessa u obozhzhennykh na fone zondovoi giperalimentatsii.

Time course of burn wound healing was studied in 32 patients with severe thermal trauma during tube hyperalimentation (TH). Similar study was conducted in 20 patients of the control group who did not receive TH. Early inclusion of TH in the complex of therapeutic measures stimulated some of the links of burn wound histogenesis: the formation of the demarcation swelling and rejection of the necrotic tissue occurred sooner, the leucocytic-macrophagal reaction was activated, and granulation and epithelialization processes were intensified. Thus, the use of the TH method in patients with burns makes it possible to conduct active surgical tactics for restoration of the lost skin area successfully as a result of which they recover within a shorter time than the patients of the control group.

[Morphological characteristics of the healing of burn wounds covered by an activated-charcoal tissue dressing]. / Morfologicheskaia kharakteristika zazhivleniia ozhogovykh ran pri zakrytii ikh uglerodnoi aktivirovannoi tkan'iu.

Activated-charcoal cloth and dressings product based upon this material were applied for covering burn wounds. As a control served a gauze dressings with greases and solution topical drugs. The healing of deep thermal burns of 3rd degree on rabbits studied by a histological method was differed by a rapid decreasing of inflammation reaction, active epithelialization and soft scar formation. A clinical use in 15 burned patients was shown that in combination with enzymatic and antimicrobial drug solutions these materials accelerate healing and epithelialization of superficial burn wounds and improve treatment of deep burn wounds before autodermoplasty.

[Various mechanisms of reducing the vascular system of granulation tissue in the process of its maturation]. / O nekotorykh mekhanizmakh reduktsii sosudistoi sistemy granuliatsionnoi tkani v protsesse ee sozrevaniia.

Rat granulation tissues were histologically and electron radioautographically examined at Days 7, 20, 30, 40, 53, and 60 after making a 3 X 4-cm2 wound in the back. During the entire period of cicatrization, alterations were shown to occur in the capillaries, as manifested by destructive changes in endotheliocytes, break in their contacts, thinning of the capillary wall with occasional lacerations, disintegrity of the basal membrane and, finally, vessel-composing cell dissociation and departure, as well as unusual arrangement among other cells and fibrous structures. On the basis of the findings it is proposed that the known diminished numbers of vessels during granulation tissue maturation involves not only disappeared vessels due to their progressive dystrophic changes, but the described unusual capillary alterations whereby the vascular wall cells are gradually converted to the cellular elements freely located in the interstitial tissue.

[Ultrastructural analysis of interactions of neutrophil leukocytes and macrophages in the center of inflammation]. / Ul'trastrukturnyi analiz vzaimodeistviia neitrofilnykh leikotsitovi makrofagov v ochage vospaleniia.

The authors have developed the method of investigating the interaction between neutrophil leukocytes and macrophages using a modified model of experimental peritonitis by Gallily and Feldman. The results of electron microscopy studies with quantitative assessment of phagocytosis allowed to demonstrate the sequence of staphylococcus phagocytosis in the peritoneal cavity of rats during the development of experimental peritonitis as well as the interaction between neutrophils and macrophages.

[Vascular changes in maturing granulation tissue]. / Ob izmeneniiakh sosudov v sozrevaiushchei granuliatsionnoi tkani.

Granulation tissue was examined in rats on the 20th and 40th day after wounding of the back. It was shown that by both the 20th and the 40th day the vessels with impaired typical structure could be revealed together with the normal ones in the granulation tissue. Specific rearrangement was observed in the structure of these vessels, consisting in the impairment of their wall integrity, separation of the constituent cells and their free position among the other cells and fibrous structures. This process is especially marked by the 40th day. 3H-thymidine was actively incorporated by some fibroblasts and rather often by the cells of both normal and degenerating vessels. The authors suggest the existence of an earlier unknown phenomenon of transformation of capillary vessels, common for both normal dermal and reparative processes after injury. The essence of the phenomenon consists in the fact that small dermal vessels get permanently disintegrated and are included into the composition of cellular elements of the interstitial tissue, and form again, providing for the physiological regeneration of dermal cells and fibrous structures.