Prolonged Emesis Causing Esophageal Perforation: A Case Report.

Transmural esophageal rupture or Boerhaave syndrome carries a high mortality rate due to delayed diagnosis and treatment. The heterogeneity of symptoms, age, comorbidities, and the severity of illness in this group of patients add to the difficulty of the management of Boerhaave syndrome. It generally occurs in the distal part of the esophagus and may result in the leakage of gastric contents into the thoracic cavity leading to mediastinal necrosis and bacterial infection. The management relies on prompt detection and intervention with conservative care and/or surgical repair. Early recognition within 24 hours followed by primary repair of the esophagus with mediastinal and chest drainage is associated with a 90% survival rate.

Accessory Spleen Masquerading as an Intrapancreatic Tumor: A Case Report.

The finding of splenic tissue within the pancreas, also known as splenosis or intrapancreatic accessory spleen (IPAS), is a relatively uncommon condition that presents as an intrapancreatic mass. The discovery of an intrapancreatic mass often prompts a thorough diagnostic workup for a primary pancreatic malignancy, often exposing patients to unnecessary risks associated with invasive testing and even surgery. The benign, asymptomatic nature of this finding places emphasis on utilizing non-invasive techniques for confirmation of the diagnosis, reducing risks of morbidity and mortality in this patient population. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) will display near-identical signal intensities (SI) between the spleen and the intrapancreatic mass, as well as identical contrast-enhancement patterns. Nuclear medicine evaluation with Tc-99m heat-damaged red blood cells (HDRBCs) is often used as a confirmatory test and allows for differentiation from malignancies.

Severe Post-prandial Pain: A Case Report.

Median arcuate ligament syndrome (MALS) is a rare cause of post-prandial abdominal pain due to compression of the celiac artery and celiac plexus. Associated symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and weight loss. The incidence of radiologic compression of the celiac axis is reported to be between 10% and 24%; however, symptomatic compression is noted to be found in about half of the population. MALS is considered a diagnosis of exclusion due to its tendency to present with nonspecific symptoms that mimic other common causes of abdominal pain. Radiologic evidence from angiography with breathing maneuvers is the gold standard for diagnosis. Surgical division of the median arcuate ligament to decompress the celiac artery is an effective treatment proving to provide up to 60-70% of symptomatic relief.