[The characteristics of the design and use of metal-ceramic dentures in pathological abrasion of the hard dental tissues]. / Osobennosti konstruirovaniia i primeneniia metallokeramicheskikh protezov pri patologicheskoi stiraemosti tverdykh tkanei zubov.

A total of 416 patients aged 40 to 60 suffering from abnormal teeth abrasion were fitted with cermet dentures. Orthodontic treatment was preceded by therapeutic and surgical preparation of the teeth and periodontium and by functional and adaptation rearrangement of the maxillodental system, if indicated. Remote results were assessed after 2 to 12 years. Due to such preparation good results were attained in 95.9% patients. Complications were observed in only 4.1%: exacerbation of periodontitis, ceramic facing chipping off, insertion of abutment teeth, and functional overload of the periodontium.

[Clinical picture and orthodontic treatment in a shortened interalveolar distance]. / Klinika i ortopedicheskoe lechenie pri ukorochenii mezhal'veoliarnogo rasstoianiia.

A total of 868 patients aged 25 to 68 with various types of occlusion and dentition defects were examined. 212 (24.4%) patients presented with a shortened interalveolar distance (height of occlusion). Abnormal abrasion of hard dental tissues, dentition defects in the lateral sections of dental arches, abnormal occlusion (deep or prognathic), reduced tolerance of periodontal tissues, and dysfunction of the masticatory muscles (bruxism) were found to be the pathogenetic factors leading to the development of this condition. Dysfunction of the masticatory muscles was detected in 41.5% of patients with shortened interalveolar distance and dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint in 9.9%; moreover, in many of them traumatic occlusion and disorders in the regional circulation in the periodontium of teeth exposed to overexercise were observed. Orthodontic treatment of patients with shortened interalveolar distance was carried out in two stages: the first stage consisted in functional and adaptation restructuring of the maxillodental system by repair of the height of occlusion and normalization of the mandibular position on a plastic cup which the patients wore for 3 months, and then the second stage ensued, at which they were fitted with dentures. Good results were attained in 95.7% patients.

[The pathogenesis of and treatment principles in functional overload of the periodontium]. / Patogenez i printsipy lecheniia funktsional'noi peregruzki parodonta.

A total of 4864 patients (2810 women and 2054 men) aged 16 to 64 with maxillofacial abnormalities and 3686 patients (2283 women and 1403 men) aged 18 to 64 with dentition defects were examined. 2624 patients aged 19 to 62 were admitted for orthodontic treatment. Experiments on 96 dogs were carried out. Pathologic changes in the periodontal tissue were detected in 3765 (77.4%) patients with maxillofacial abnormalities and in 2918 (78.8%) with dentition defects. The author considers that two major factors contribute to the pathogenesis of functional overstrain of the periodontium: change of occlusion loading of the teeth and reduced tolerance of periodontal tissues. Good results were attained in 92.7% of patients with functional overloading of the periodontium. Dog experiments demonstrated that overexercise of teeth may lead to changes in the periodontium, which are similar to tissue restructuring in orthodontic interventions. If the periodontium is weakened, an exacerbation of periodontitis develops. After stopping of functional overstrain--repair processes in the periodontal tissues of young animals, including repair of bone tissue take place.

[The orthodontic treatment of traumatic occlusion in sagittal bite anomalies]. / Ortopedicheskoe lechenie travmaticheskoi okkliuzii pri sagittal'nykh anomaliiakh prikusa.

A total of 288 patients (100 females and 188 males) aged 25 to 60 with prognathic and progenic occlusion were examined and treated. Dentition deformations were revealed in 182 (63.1%) patients. Clinical and x-ray signs of traumatic occlusion were observed in 219 (76.04%) cases. Abnormal mobility of teeth was detected in 181 (79%) subjects with prognathic occlusion, dentogingival and osseous pouches in 164 (71.6%) subjects. Reduced height of occlusion was found in 68 (25.3%), dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint in 19 (8.2%) cases. Traumatic occlusion was observed in 38 of the 59 patients with progenic occlusion. In sagittal abnormalities of occlusion, traumatic occlusion was associated with dysfunctions of the masticatory muscles and of local circulation in the periodontium, which were recorded by electromyography and rheoparodontography. The treatment was carried out by therapists, surgeons, and orthodontists. Orthodontic treatment consisted in levelling of the occlusion surface of dentitions, orthodontic preparation of the maxillodental system, fitting with splints and prostheses. Remote results in periods from 1 to 3 years were good in 94.8% of patients.

[Functional disorders of the masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joint in pathological tooth abrasion]. / Narusheniia funktsii zhevatel'nykh myshts i visochno-nizhnecheliustnogo sustava pri patologicheskoi stiraemosti zubov.

Altogether 568 patients, 308 women and 260 men aged 30 to 64 with abnormal teeth abrasion were examined by clinical, anthropometric, X-ray (spot and panoramic radiography of the teeth and jaws, tomography of the temporomandibular joint), electromyography, and rheoparodontography. Pathological teeth abrasion was associated with various morphological and functional disturbances in the maxillodental system. Two types of abrasion were distinguished: with and without masticatory function disorders. The latter condition was detected in 252 (44.36%) patients. Painful dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint was observed in 66 (11.6%) patients. Three factors contribute to the pathogenesis of these functional disorders in abnormal teeth abrasion: reduction of occlusion height (interalveolar distance) and shortening of the lower third of the face, blocking of mandibular movements, lateral and distal shift of the mandible.

[The preparation of the maxillodental system before using using metal-ceramic dentures]. / Podgotovka zubocheliustnoi sistemy pered primeneniem metallokeramicheskikh protezov.

Orthodontic treatment using cermet dentures was carried out in 496 patients aged 26 to 60. Therapeutic surgical and orthodontic treatment of the maxillodental system was carried out before denture fixation. Late results in periods from 1 to 5 years were followed up in 396 patients. No complications were observed in 384 (96.9%). Only 12 patients developed complications: porcelain fracture in 4, periodontal inflammations in 5, and a partial relapse of occlusion reduction and distal dislocation of the mandible in 3.

[Orthodontic treatment in the distal displacement of the mandible]. / Ortopedicheskoe lechenie pri distal'nom smeshchenii nizhnei cheliusti.

A total of 598 patients with various occlusions and dentition defects were examined; 112 (18.7%) of these presented with distal dislocation of the mandible. Shortening of interalveolar distance was found to play an important role in the pathogenesis of this dislocation. This shortening occurs in abnormal teeth abrasion and loss of many molars and premolars maintaining the occlusion height. Masticatory function was found disordered in 56 (50% of patients with distal dislocation of the mandible. Orthodontic treatment of these patients was carried out by sagittal shift of the mandible to a distance of 1 to 2 mm and subsequent fitting with prostheses. Good results were attained in 94.55% of cases.

[The periodontium in experimental bruxism]. / Sostoianie parodonta pri éksperimental'nom bruksizme.

Time course of morphologic changes in periodontal tissue was studied in 42 miniature pigs with experimental bruxism. An inflammation has developed in the marginal periodontium. At first the inflammatory infiltrate was situated under the epithelial fixation to the tooth involving destruction of the epithelial fixation and formation of pockets, inflammatory infiltrate, and granulation tissue, these destructive changes involving the lower sections of the periodontium. Signs of resorption were detectable in the dental alveolus osseous wall, cement, and dentin. The changes in the periodontal tissue described above appear to result from a complex of factors developing in experimental animals with simulated bruxism.

[The efficacy of the orthodontic treatment of pathological dental abrasion complicated by temporomandibular joint dysfunction]. / Effektivnost' ortopedicheskogo lecheniia patologicheskoi stiraemosti zubov, oslozhnennoi disfunktsiei visochno-nizhnecheliustnogo sustava.

A total of 426 patients, 215 female and 211 male ones, aged 40 to 65, were treated for abnormal abrasion of the teeth; 52 of these developed temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Orthodontic and physiotherapeutic methods were added to the complex of therapeutic measures for this patient population. Orthodontic treatment was aimed at normalization of the occlusion height (interalveolar space) and mandibular status and was carried out with a plastic cup attached to the denture for a period of up to 6 months. This was followed by rational prosthetics. Good late results were achieved in 48 patients (92.2 percent) with temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Four patients developed recurrences of such dysfunction in various periods after the treatment.

[Psychological aspects of the orthodontic treatment of middle-aged and elderly patients]. / Psikhologicheskie aspekty ortopedicheskogo lecheniia bol'nykh pozhilogo i starcheskogo vozrasta.

The authors emphasize the knowledge of the psychologic characteristics of an old man to make good contacts with him. They give recommendations on the physician's behavioral patterns with elderly patients at all stages of orthodontic treatment and point out the relationship between the personality features of the physician and his ability to psychologically influence the patients.

[Allergy to gold--a cause of denture intolerance]. / Allergiia k zolotu--prichina neperenosimosti zubnykh protezov.

Two cases of allergic responses to "dentistry gold" are reported. The condition was confirmed in epicutaneous tests with 2 different gold--containing substances. Removal of the dentures was the cure for these patients. Dentures fabricated using other materials (silver-palladium alloy, plastics) did not cause adverse effects in these patients.

[Aspects under discussion in the design and use of metal-ceramic dentures]. / Diskussionnye aspekty konstruirovaniia i primeneniia metallokeramicheskikh zubnykh protezov.

A ten-years' experience with metalloceramic dentures is analyzed. Orthopedic treatment was performed in patients with different forms of dentomaxillary pathology. Possible sources of construction and fixation errors and complications are exposed, and their prevention described.

[Dental prosthesis using implants made of corundum ceramics]. / Zubnoe protezirovanie s primeneniem implantatov iz korundovoi keramiki.

A complex of implanted dentures was manufactured with a corundum ceramic compound "Kador" made in the USSR. The technique of implantation is described. The authors used a double-staged technique of implantation immediately after the frontal teeth loss or in the late periods in unilateral or bilateral unrestricted end defects of dentition. Within the 1.5-year follow-up 35 of the 36 implants were functionally reliable.