[Anesthesiological support of operative interventions in the injured persons, suffering a cold trauma].

Basing on analysis of the treatment results in 74 injured persons with a cold trauma there was proved, that during operative interventions performance a total intravenous anesthesy and a spinal cord anesthesy are used most frequently. Inhalation anesthesy and conducting methods of anesthesy ought to be used more frequently, because a total intravenous anesthesy is a lesser guided one and a spinal cord anesthesy may cause a severe hypotension in the injured persons.

Terminal modifications inhibit proteolytic degradation of an immunogenic MART-1(27-35) peptide: implications for peptide vaccines.

Peptide epitopes for tumor-reactive cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTL) have been identified on human cancers and are being used in tumor vaccine trials. However, the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of such peptides have been inadequately studied. It is predicted that immunogenic tumor peptides would have short half-lives in vivo. The goal of the present work was to evaluate the stability of the immunogenic peptide MART-1(27-35) in fresh normal human plasma (NHP) and to identify modifications that convey protection against enzymatic destruction without loss of immunogenicity. We evaluated the stability of the MART-1(27-35) peptide (AAGIGILTV) and modified forms of that peptide for stability and immune recognition in an in vitro model. The peptides were incubated in plasma for varied time intervals and evaluated for their ability to reconstitute the epitope for MART-1(27-35)-reactive CTL. Loss of CTL reactivity signaled loss of immunoreactive peptide. When 1 microM MART-1(27-35) peptide was incubated in plasma prior to pulsing on target cells, CTL reactivity was lost within 3 hr, and the calculated half-life of this peptide was 22 sec. This degradation was mediated by peptidases. The stability of MART-1(27-35) was markedly prolonged by C-terminal amidation and/or N-terminal acetylation (peptide capping), or by polyethylene-glycol modification (PEGylation) of the C-terminus. These modified peptides were recognized by CTL. The MART-1(27-35) peptide is very unstable in plasma. It is probable that it and other immunogenic peptides will be similarly unstable in vivo. Immunogenicity of these peptides might be enhanced by creating modifications that enhance stability.

[Immunoenzyme method of the determination of human chorionic gonadotropin using polyclonal antibodies]. / Immunofermentnyi metod opredeleniia khorionicheskogo gonadotropina cheloveka s ispol'zovaniem poliklonal'nykh antitel.

The authors developed a method for obtaining highly specific polyclonal antibodies reacting with different sites of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and an immunometrical method for measuring HCG in human biological fluids, based on the use of these antibodies. The sensitivity of the method is 10-15 IU/liter HCG, specificity 100%, no cross reactions with LH or FSH were observed. The method was tried in testing urine samples for HCG in women at 1-2 to 34 weeks of gestations and in one cancer patient with the diagnosis of vesical mole.

[Medical insurance in the light of social informatics]. / Meditsinskoe strakhovanie v svete sotsial'noi informatiki.

Analyzes the experience gained in cooperative studies aimed at the development and introduction of automated data processing systems, carried out by the Institute of Informatics, Russian Academy of Sciences, and the Krasnodar Territorial Foundation for Obligatory Medical Insurance and its branches.

[The organization and technology of interaction between health care clinics and comprehensive medical insurance]. / Organizatsiya i tekhnologiya vzaimodeystviya uchrezhdeniy zdravookhraneniya i obyazatel'nogo meditsinskogo strakhovaniya.

Presents the results of realization of public health reforms in some regions of the country. Describes the scheme and stages of introducing obligatory medical insurance, the tasks, functions, and interests of various managing structures of a territory in the progress of reforms. Offers experimentally developed criteria for assessing the readiness of a territory to introduction of obligatory medical insurance, describes the methods and order of monitoring the quality of medical care rendered to insured patients, and outlines alterations in the organization and legal status of public health institutions.

[Immunomorphologic markers in breast cancer]. / Nekotorye immunomorfologicheskie markery pri rake molocnoi zhelezy.

Mammary carcinoma (MC) of various histological structure are studied immunomorphologically. Positive reaction with proliferative cells nuclear antigen (PCNA) oncoprotein cerbB-2, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), trophoblastic beta 1 globulin (TBG) and tissue protein ferritin (Fe) was observed in one third, and with cyprein in half of MC cases. Clear-cut dependence of immunomorphological parameters upon histologic structure and degree of malignancy was not established. An increase of PCNA content with the tumor size increase was observed. There is a tendency to more frequent observation of CEA, Fe, TBG in the presence of the lymph nodes metastases. Most unfavourable for the prognosis are combinations of positive reactions of CEA with TBG, CEA with OCNA, CEA with cerbB-2 as well as PCNA, cerbB-2, CEA.

[Increase of seizure threshold and resistance to stress in rats after immunization against fragment of diazepam-binding inhibitor]. / Povyshenie sudorozhnogo poroga i ustoichivosti krys k stressu posle immunizatsii k fragmentu diazepam-sviazyvaiushchego ingibitora.

White rats were immunized against fragment of diazepam-binding inhibitor octadecaneuropeptide (ODN) with conjugate ODN bovine serum albumin. This rats have reduced reactions of fear and anxiety in stress model of "open field" and in conflict Vogel test; their pain sensitivity ("tail flick" test) was lowered. The number and intensity of generalized seizure reactions after injection of pentylenetetrazole were decreased. The results show that active immunization to endogenous ODN has stress--protective and anti-seizure effects.

[Immunohistochemical study of the expression of trophoblastic beta-1-globulin in the gastric epithelium of man in stomach cancer]. / Immunogistokhimicheskoe izuchenie ékspressii trofoblasticheskogo beta-1-globulina v épitelii zheludka cheloveka pri rake étogo organa.

The expression of specific-pregnancy beta 1-globulin (SP1) was studied in gastric mucosa with chronic gastritis. The expression of SP1 was revealed in focus of intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia as well as in cover epithelial cells.

[Clinical and biochemical parameters of parkinsonism induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,2,6-tetrahydropyridine and its methyl-phenyl and methoxy-phenyl derivatives in C57Bl/6 mice]. / Klinicheskie i biokhimicheskie pokazateli parkinsonizma, vyzvannogo 1-metil-4-fenil-1,2,3,6-tetragidropiridinom i ego metil-fenil- i metoksi-fenil-proizvodnymi u myshei C57Bl/6.

Possibility of ortho-, para-, meta-methylphenyl and methoxyphenyl-derivates of MPTP to produce parkinsonism was investigated. Only ortho-methylphenyl- and ortho-methoxyphenyl-derivates of MPTP cause a persistent loss in dopamine content in the brain and produced the clinical symptoms of parkinsonism. All substances produced Parkinsonian-like syndrome gives the symptoms of activation of nervous system during 0.5-1 h after injection and symptoms of depression in following 3 h of observations.

[The antibody activity to synthetic C-terminal fragments of the heavy-chain hemagglutinins of influenza virus A subtypes H1 and H3]. / Issledovanie aktivnosti antitel k sinteticheskim C-kontsevym fragmentam tiazheloi tsepi gemaggliutininov virusa grippa A podtipov H1 i H3.

C-terminal peptide fragments of the heavy chain (HA1) of influenza virus, subtypes H1 and H3, hemagglutinins were synthesized. Rabbits and guinea pigs immunized with peptides H3 (314-328) and H1 (314-328) conjugates with BSA developed high immune response to conjugated peptides. Solid-phase RIA demonstrated interaction of antisera to peptide H3 (314-328) with A/Aichi/2/68 virus which was inhibited by peptides H3 (314-328) and H3 (317-328) but not by H3 (320-328), that is, antibodies interacted predominantly with amino acids 317-323 HA1. Anti-H3 (314-328)-BSA showed a marked activity in H1 and NT with a number of H3 subtype viruses. Antisera to peptide H1 (314-328) reacted with A/PR/8/34 virus insignificantly and were also inactive in H1 and NT with subtype H1 viruses.

[The determination of the concentration of antithrombin III in the urine]. / Opredelenie kontsentratsii antitrombina III v moche.

The authors developed the special enzyme immunoassay technique for the detection of the urinary antitrombin III (AT-III) levels. Sensitivity of the method was 7.8 ng/ml. The study lasted for 2 hrs. The levels of AT-III were studied in the circadian human urine in health, in physiological and nephropathy-complicated pregnancy, as well as in patients with gastroduodenal ulcer-induced bleeding. There was a 34.1-fold increase in the urinary AT-III levels in pregnant females with Stages II-III nephropathy and a 17.3-fold increase in those who sustained the resection of the stomach, which could be explained by proteinuria and abnormal resorption of AT-III in the proximal tubules of the kidney.

[Immunoenzyme method of determination of human alpha2-macroglobulin]. / Immunofermentnyi metod opredeleniia alpha2-makroglobulina cheloveka.

Highly sensitive, specific immunoenzymatic assay for human alpha 2-macroglobulin was developed using solid phase "sandwich" procedure. The immunoenzymatic assay developed involved the following steps: 1. preparation of highly purified alpha 2-macroglobulin, 2. production of monospecific antiserum against the protein, 3. preparation of the immunoenzymatic assay system components--isolation of antibodies against alpha 2-macroglobulin, conjugation of these antibodies with horseradish peroxidase, standardization of the assay. Sensitivity of the assay was 31,25 ng/ml, duration of the analysis--3 hrs. The assay enabled to estimate the proteinase inhibitor in various human biological fluids. Content of alpha 2-macroglobulin in blood plasma, urine and tears was estimated in normal and some pathological states.

[Immunochemical and biological properties of synthetic peptide fragments from the 124-144 sequence of human leukocyte interferon alpha2]. / Immunokhimicheskie i biologicheskie svoistva sinteticheskikh peptidnykh fragmentov posledovatel'nosti 124-144 leikotsitarnogo interferona cheloveka alpha2.

Three peptides corresponding to the sequences 124-144, 124-138, 129-144 of the human leukocyte interferon alpha 2 (IFN-alpha 2) were synthesized. The synthesis was performed by DCC-HOBT coupling of protected peptide segments in solution. The segments were obtained by the active ester coupling methodology using base-labile 2-[4-(phenylazobenzyl)sulfonyl]ethyl (Pse) group as carboxyterminal protection. After complete deprotection with 1 M methanesulphonic acid in trifluoroacetic acid--thioanisol--m-cresol mixture the peptides were purified by reversed-phase chromatography. The studies of interaction of the peptides with rabbit antiserum against IFN-alpha 2 revealed at least one minor antigenic determinant within the 124-144 region of IFN-alpha 2 amino acid sequence. Rabbit antisera developed against peptides 124-138 and 129-144 showed ability of binding recombinant IFN-alpha 2 and neutralizing its antiviral activity. Free peptides or their conjugates with bovine serum albumine did not display antiviral activity, neither could they inhibit the activity of IFN-alpha 2.

[The paraneoplastic phenotype of human gastric glands studied using the carcinoembryonic antigen-specific lectin crustacin]. / Izuchenie paraneoplasticheskogo fenotipa zhelez zheludka cheloveka s pomoshch'iu rakovo-émbrional'nogo antigens spetsificheskogo lektina krustatsina.

The expression of CEA was studied with the help of rabbit antibody and CEA-specific lectin-krustacin in pepsinogen positive gastric glands near carcinomas and in gastric mucosa with intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia of the epithelium without neoplasia. CEA-krustacin was revealed in 20 out of 41 cases and CEA-antibody in 2 out of 41 cases of gastric glands in mucosa near carcinomas. The results of investigation discover the development in the gastric glands near carcinoma subcellular components. Paraneoplastic phenomenon was found in the majority of the cases.

[Construction and expression in Escherichia coli of a gene of hybrid hemagglutinin H1-H3 of influenza virus]. / Konstruirovanie i ékspressiia v Escherichia coli gena gibridnogo gemaggliutinina podtipa H1-H3 virusa grippa.

The hybrid gene of influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) of the H1-subtype, carrying the sequence coding for the fragment of H3-subtype antigenic site B, was constructed. The product of expression of this gene in E. coli was obtained as a fusion protein with beta-galactosidase. The chimeric protein was shown to retain the antigenic properties of HA of H1-subtype and to interact specifically with antibodies against the synthetic peptide corresponding to the B site fragment of HA of the H3-subtype.

[An immunohistochemical study of the localization of embryonic prealbumin in the gastric mucosa in chronic gastritis and hyperplastic polyps]. / Immunogistokhimicheskoe izuchenie lokalizatsii émbrional'nogo preal'bumina v slizistoi obolochke zheludka pri khronicheskom gastrite i giperplasticheskikh polipakh.

The location of embryonic prealbumin (EPA) was investigated by indirect immune peroxidase test in gastric mucosa: 16 cases of chronic gastritis without malignant tumour and in 48 cases of gastric carcinoma. EPA in the mucosa was found in 35% cases of carcinoma outside the tumour and 31.3% cases of mucosa without tumour. The highest expression of EPA was found in stromal component of hyperplastic polyp without malignancy. Comparison of EPA and carcinoembryonic antigen in tissue did not reveal the presence of correlation between these oncofetal markers. Most likely this antigen is of a reactive nature and it can not be used for the evaluation of the probability of gastric mucosa malignant transformation.

[Immunoenzyme method of determination of antithrombin III]. / Immunofermentnyi metod opredeleniia antitrombina III.

Immunoenzymatic assay is developed for estimation of antithrombin III (AT-III). Sensitivity of the assay was 7.8 ng of AT-III per 1 ml. The test system developed corresponded to the requirements for serological assays. Estimation of AT-III in blood plasma of healthy persons and in patients with various diseases showed that the assay may be recommended for clinical practice.

[Comparative immunoenzyme analysis of the fertility alpha2-microglobulin in healthy donors and in patients with gynecological malignancies]. / Sravnitel'nyi immunofermentnyi analiz alpha2-mikroglobulina fertil'nosti u zdorovykh donorov i pri onkoginekologicheskikh zabolevaniiakh.

Immunoenzymatic procedure is developed for estimation of fertility alpha 2-microglobulin. Content of the protein was increased in blood serum of patients with carcinoma of ovary and uterus as well as with chorionepithelioma. The immunoenzymatic analysis of fertility alpha 2-microglobulin might be used as an additive test in diagnosis of these diseases.

[Immunohistochemical study of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in human tumors using the CEA-specific oncoprecipitin crustacin]. / Immunogistokhimicheskoe izuchenie rakovo-émbrional'nogo antigena (REA) v opukholiakh cheloveka s pomoshch'iu REA-spetsificheskogo onkopretsipitina--krustatsina.

58 human tumors have been studied immunohistologically with the aid of CEA-specific precipitin--crustacin (Cr). The results were in general similar to those which were achieved with anti-CEA-antibodies. But there were some differences. The reaction with Cr in the cytoplasm was mostly diffuse, while the reaction with Ab was localized usually in the peripheral parts of the cytoplasm. The reaction with Cr has a more restricted character and is more expressed in ovarian tumors and less expressed in gastric and colonic tumors than the reaction with Ab.