[Association of fatty acid metabolism with systemic inflammatory response in chronic respiratory diseases]. / Assotsiatsiia metabolizma zhirnykh kislot s sistemnoi vospalitel'noi reaktsiei pri khronicheskikh zabolevaniiakh organov dykhaniia.

We examined composition of plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NFAs), erythrocyte fatty acids, levels of eicosanoids in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with different type of the inflammatory response. The results of our study show that asthma and COPD in remission are associated with changes in the composition NFAs of plasma, FA of erythrocytes, level eicosanoid despite the difference in the regulation of immunological mechanisms of systemic inflammation. These changes are characterized by excessive production of arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) and cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase metabolites (thromboxane B2, leukotriene B4) and deficiency of their functional antagonist, eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3). The recognized association between altered fatty acid composition and disorders of the immune mechanisms of regulation of systemic inflammation in COPD and asthma demonstrated the important role of fatty acids and their metabolites in persistence of inflammatory processes in diseases of the respiratory system in the condition of remission.

[Metabolic disorders in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

AIM: To characterize cell dysregulation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at local and systemic levels. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 48 patients with COPD were examined (mean disease duration 11.2 +/- 7.2 years, mean age 58 +/- 4.2 years). Content of glutathione, and activity of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase in whole blood (Novgorodtseva T.P., 2003), catalase in erythrocytes (Karpichenko A.I., 1999) were determined. Products of lipid peroxidation in exhaled breath condensate were defined to reveal diene conjugates of hydroperoxides, ketodienes, coupled trienes (Khyshiktuyev B.S., 1996). RESULTS: An evident oxidation stress at the local level was revealed in patients with COPD in deficiency of enzymatic antiperoxide link of anti-oxidant defense that is characterized by increased quantity of lipid peroxidation intermediants both in heptane and isopropanol phases.

[Cytokine imbalance in patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis]. / Tsitokinovyi disbalans u bol'nykh khronicheskim obstruktivnym bronkhitom.

A reactive ability of immunocompetent cells was assessed by the level of cytokines TNF alpha and IL-8 estimated by enzyme immunoassay ("Genzyme diagnostics" kit) in 18 patients with chronic obstructive bronchitis (mean age 58 +/- 4.2 years, mean duration of the disease 11.2 +/- 5.2 years) and 15 control patients matched for age, with normal external respiration function, free of chronic bronchopulmonary pathology and allergic diseases. The greatest differences in cytokine levels were registered between the control group and patients with moderate generalized irreversible obstruction. These patients had similar basal and E. coli LPS induced synthesis of the above cytokines showing the lack of cell reserves, adequate immune response to exogenic antigen.

[Correction of immune disorders with neoselenium in patients with chronic bronchitis]. / Korrektsiia immunnykh narushenii bol'nykh khronicheskim bronkhitom neoselenom.

The examination covered 55 patients with chronic bronchitis (mean age 58 +/- 4.2 years, mean duration of the disease 11.2 +/- 5.2 years). All the patients were in remission and received broncholytics. In 32 of them, basic treatment was combined with a course of immunorehabilitation with neoselenium. The effect of the latter was assessed at immunological examination of the patients before and after the treatment with indirect immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies. Neoselenium appeared to have an immunomodulating action on all immunity links, it enhanced functional activity and bactericidity of antigen-presenting cells and cytotoxic activity of natural killers, diminished the tension in the function of endogenic antioxidant systems.

[The role of immune disorders in the development of respiratory diseases in families]. / Znachenie sostoianiia immunnoi sistemy v formirovanii respiratornoi patologii v sem'e.

Two-stage immunological examination was performed in 59 subjects aged 12-55 years from 27 families with respiratory pathology in three generations. Their proband had chronic bronchitis. Prognostic estimation of changes in the immune status was made with matrix statistic analysis. The findings show heterogenic characteristics of physiological systems of the examinees from families with chronic bronchitis and non-uniform metabolic processes leading to respiratory pathology and allergic diseases. Disorders in immunologic homeostasis in the descendants of the probands with chronic bronchitis, chief signs in pathogenesis of chronic bronchitis in three generations, essential immunological factors in allergic persons are outlined.