[Work conditions and health status of workers in present-day production of disperse azo dyes]. / Usloviia truda i sostoianie zdorov'ia rabotaiushchikh v sovremennom proizvodstve dispersnykh azokrasitelei.

The work conditions appeared to be unfavorable in modern production of dispersed nitro dyes, having up-to-date technologic equipment and automated control systems. The main occupational hazards are semiproducts (nitroaniline derivatives containing chlorine, bromine and cyanides) used as diazo components in dyes synthesis, dispersers based on sodium lignosulfonate, outlet forms of dispersed nitro dyes. Medical examination of the workers exposed to combination of chemicals amounting several times over the MACs proved frequent diseases of upper respiratory tract and cardiovascular system, functional disorders of liver and CNS, propensity for allergic conditions. Specific effects of dispersed nitro dyes and semiproducts of their synthesis on the red blood were methemoglobin formation, suppressed antioxidant activity of RBC (lower serum level of reduced glutathione and ascorbic acid) and stimulated erythropoiesis in bone marrow (increased serum Hb and RBC count, reticulocytosis). The studies helped to elaborate well-justified complex of sanitary, hygienic, therapeutic and prophylactic measures to better the work conditions and prevent the occupational diseases among the workers.

[The detection of the genotoxic and mutagenic activities of disperse azo dyes for their hygienic standardization]. / Vyiavlenie genotoksicheskoi i mutagennoi aktivnosti dispersnykh azokrasitelei s tsel'iu ikh gigienicheskogo normirovaniia.

Evaluating level and synthesis of DNA in liver cells, counting occurrence of dominant lethal mutations, the authors studied molecular and genetic effects of dispersed polyaether mononitrodyes Orange 2K and Red-Brown G after the peroral administration and the chronic inhalation (2.5 and 4 months). Red-Brown G examined in acute and chronic exposures appeared to be powerful mutagen. Orange 2K induced minor changes of nuclear DNA functioning in liver cells, if compared to Red-Brown G. In Dominant Lethal Mutations Test both dyes were assigned to mild mutagens. The diagnosed effects are used for setting hygienic standards in the air of workplace.