RESUMO
Gout arthritis is an inflammatory condition that occurs suddenly in joints affected by high uric acid levels (hyperuricemia). The uric acid levels in this disease fluctuate throughout its various phases, resulting in frequent or recurrent attacks. This study aims to review some aspects of gout arthritis, such as its pathophysiology, treatment goals, and adverse drug reactions. This study employs review literature using articles published between 2017 and 2022 as the research methodology. Furthermore, articles under 2017 are used as references if they are relevant to the study's subject matter. The findings showed the importance of the pathogenesis of inflammation in the treatment of gout arthritis. It is also recommended to use anti-inflammatories such as colchicine and uric acid-lowering medications starting at a specific time to prevent unintended risks. Hence, pharmacotherapy management's adverse effects include nausea, vomiting, myalgia, neuropathy, and stomach pain.
RESUMO
Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly infectious disease, representing one of the major causes of death worldwide. Sustainable Development Goal 3.3 implies a serious decrease in the incidence of TB cases. Hence, this study applied a spatial analysis approach to investigate patterns of pulmonary TB cases and its drivers in Bandar Lampung (Indonesia). Our study examined seven variables: the growth rate of pulmonary TB, population, distance to the city center, industrial area, green open space, built area, and slum area using geographically weighted Poisson regression (GWPR). The GWPR model demonstrated excellent results with an R2 and adjusted R2 of 0.96 and 0.94, respectively. In this case, the growth rate of pulmonary TB and population were statistically significant variables. Spatial pattern analysis of sub-districts revealed that those of Panjang and Kedaton were driven by high pulmonary TB growth rate and population, whereas that of Sukabumi was driven by the accumulation of high levels of industrial area, built area, and slums. For these reasons, we suggest that local policymakers implement a variety of infectious disease prevention and control strategies based on the spatial variation of pulmonary TB rate and its influencing factors in each sub-district.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIM: The number of COVID-19 cases surging despite the large scale of health promotion campaigns. This study aimed to find disease transmissibility and affected vaccine efficacy associated with the mutation of the SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern. METHODS: The study was a descriptive temporal survey design with secondary ecological data: the whole-genome sequence (WGS) from the Global Initiative on Sharing Avian Influenza (GISAID) and COVID-19 data from the Palembang City Health Office website. Bioinformatics software was used to detect mutations. RESULTS: Palembang submitted 43 whole genome sequences, 13 of which were Pangoline sequences classifications. CONCLUSIONS: The two concern variations, Alpha and Delta, were associated with increased transmissions and decreased vaccination efficacy using temporal analysis. Regulations governing the relaxation of mobility restrictions should be based on high rates of testing and tracing, and universal vaccination programs should require that all received two doses of any vaccines as fast as possible.
