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1.
Environ Sci Technol ; 58(3): 1636-1647, 2024 Jan 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38186056

RESUMO

Mine dust has been linked to the development of pneumoconiotic diseases such as silicosis and coal workers' pneumoconiosis. Currently, it is understood that the physicochemical and mineralogical characteristics drive the toxic nature of dust particles; however, it remains unclear which parameter(s) account for the differential toxicity of coal dust. This study aims to address this issue by demonstrating the use of the partial least squares regression (PLSR) machine learning approach to compare the influence of D50 sub 10 µm coal particle characteristics against markers of cellular damage. The resulting analysis of 72 particle characteristics against cytotoxicity and lipid peroxidation reflects the power of PLSR as a tool to elucidate complex particle-cell relationships. By comparing the relative influence of each characteristic within the model, the results reflect that physical characteristics such as shape and particle roughness may have a greater impact on cytotoxicity and lipid peroxidation than composition-based parameters. These results present the first multivariate assessment of a broad-spectrum data set of coal dust characteristics using latent structures to assess the relative influence of particle characteristics on cellular damage.


Assuntos
Minas de Carvão , Exposição Ocupacional , Pneumoconiose , Humanos , Carvão Mineral/análise , Poeira/análise , Minerais
2.
Environ Geochem Health ; 45(10): 7363-7388, 2023 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37131112

RESUMO

Exposure to dust from the mining environment has historically resulted in epidemic levels of mortality and morbidity from pneumoconiotic diseases such as silicosis, coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP), and asbestosis. Studies have shown that CWP remains a critical issue at collieries across the globe, with some countries facing resurgent patterns of the disease and additional pathologies from long-term exposure. Compliance measures to reduce dust exposure rely primarily on the assumption that all "fine" particles are equally toxic irrespective of source or chemical composition. For several ore types, but more specifically coal, such an assumption is not practical due to the complex and highly variable nature of the material. Additionally, several studies have identified possible mechanisms of pathogenesis from the minerals and deleterious metals in coal. The purpose of this review was to provide a reassessment of the perspectives and strategies used to evaluate the pneumoconiotic potency of coal mine dust. Emphasis is on the physicochemical characteristics of coal mine dust such as mineralogy/mineral chemistry, particle shape, size, specific surface area, and free surface area-all of which have been highlighted as contributing factors to the expression of pro-inflammatory responses in the lung. The review also highlights the potential opportunity for more holistic risk characterisation strategies for coal mine dust, which consider the mineralogical and physicochemical aspects of the dust as variables relevant to the current proposed mechanisms for CWP pathogenesis.


Assuntos
Minas de Carvão , Exposição Ocupacional , Pneumoconiose , Humanos , Poeira/análise , Pneumoconiose/epidemiologia , Pneumoconiose/etiologia , Minas de Carvão/métodos , Carvão Mineral/toxicidade , Carvão Mineral/análise , Minerais , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos
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