RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Childhood asthma is characterized by inflammation of the airways. Structural changes of the airway wall may also be seen in some children early in the course of the disease. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are key mediators in the metabolism of the extracellular matrix (ECM). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the balance of MMP-8, MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 in the airways of children with asthma. METHODS: One hundred and twenty-four children undergoing elective surgical procedures also underwent non-bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). MMP-8, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: There was a significant reduction in MMP-9 in atopic asthmatic children (n=31) compared with normal children (n=30) [median difference: 0.57 ng/mL (95% confidence interval: 0.18-1.1 ng/mL)]. The ratio of MMP-9 to TIMP-1 was also reduced in asthmatic children. Levels of all three proteins were significantly correlated to each other and to the relative proportions of particular inflammatory cells in BAL fluid (BALF). Both MMP-8 and MMP-9 were moderately strongly correlated to the percentage neutrophil count (r=0.40 and 0.47, respectively, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: An imbalance of MMPs and their inhibitors occurs in children with well-controlled asthma, which may indicate early derangement of the metabolism of the ECM.
Assuntos
Asma/enzimologia , Brônquios/enzimologia , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/química , Metaloproteinase 9 da Matriz/análise , Inibidor Tecidual de Metaloproteinase-1/análise , Adolescente , Asma/imunologia , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/imunologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Contagem de Células , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Doença Crônica , Células Epiteliais/imunologia , Feminino , Humanos , Hipersensibilidade/enzimologia , Lactente , Macrófagos Alveolares/imunologia , Masculino , Metaloproteinase 8 da Matriz/análise , Neutrófilos/imunologiaRESUMO
Over a 12-year period, the authors encountered 2 patients with spinal axis/basimeningeal primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) involving the spinal axis extramedullary, intradural compartment and the basimeninges. In neither patient was an intraaxial focus demonstrated. A 48-year-old woman had computed tomography (CT) findings of hydrocephalus and later abnormal basimeningeal enhancement. Cervical myelography revealed a low cervical intradural block. A 10-year-old boy was evaluated initially with non-contrast-enhanced CT of the brain, which revealed hydrocephalus. Contrast-enhanced CT revealed abnormal basimeningeal enhancement implicating cisternal obstruction. Subsequent magnetic resonance examination of the entire spine with and without gadolinium enhancement revealed diffuse abnormal enhancement of the spinal axis intradural, extramedullary compartment. While intraaxial PNETs are well recognized, the patients described here represent a distinctly unusual pattern of intradural spinal meningeal and basimeningeal infiltration by PNET in the absence of a demonstrable intraaxial lesion.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Tumores Neuroectodérmicos Primitivos/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias da Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tumores Neuroectodérmicos Primitivos/diagnóstico , Tumores Neuroectodérmicos Primitivos/patologia , Radiografia , Neoplasias da Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Coluna Vertebral/patologiaRESUMO
Primary malignant fibrous histiocytomas are rare. The authors report on a 56-year-old man who presented with neurological symptoms due to cerebral metastasis of a primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the lung.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/secundário , Histiocitoma Fibroso Benigno/patologia , Histiocitoma Fibroso Benigno/secundário , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Evolução Fatal , Glioma/diagnóstico , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XAssuntos
Luxações Articulares/diagnóstico por imagem , Neurofibromatoses/diagnóstico por imagem , Costelas/diagnóstico por imagem , Escoliose/diagnóstico por imagem , Canal Medular/diagnóstico por imagem , Adolescente , Hérnia/diagnóstico por imagem , Hérnia/etiologia , Humanos , Luxações Articulares/complicações , Luxações Articulares/etiologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Neurofibromatoses/complicações , Escoliose/complicações , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
We present three cases of desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma in patients admitted to our institution in the past 8 years. CT and MR findings are discussed. Typically, these lesions are located in the frontal and parietal lobes, appearing as cystic tumors with a solid cortical component within the cerebrum, which enhances intensely, and moderate surrounding edema.