How I do it: the endoscopic endonasal transclival approach for clipping of the ruptured vertebral artery aneurysm.

BACKGROUND: Vertebral artery aneurysms account for less than 5% of all cerebral aneurysms. They have a high risk of rupture and are associated with threatening clinical outcomes compared with anterior circulation aneurysms. METHOD: The endoscopic endonasal transclival approach (EETA) was used. During the temporary clipping, the neck of the aneurysm was dissected, and a permanent clip was applied. The repair of the skull base defect was carried out with the nasoseptal mucoperiosteal flap on the vascular pedicle. CONCLUSION: The EETA is a feasible alternative for the clipping of the medially located ruptured vertebral artery aneurysm. EETA can be recommended for centers with a large volume of cerebrovascular and endoscopic neurosurgical procedures.

Transpalpebral approach for microsurgical clipping of an unruptured basilar apex aneurysm: case report and literature review.

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE: The supraorbital "keyhole" approach has been described for the treatment of basilar artery aneurysms. Transpalpebral approach (TPA) is an alternative minimally invasive route to aneurysms of the Circle of Willis with excellent functional and cosmetic outcomes. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: 53-years-old female who presented with an incidentally found 6.3 mm BA aneurysm with 3.1 mm neck diameter, admitted to our department of neurovascular surgery. Clipping was performed through TPA, with endoscope assistance and intraoperative ICG angiography. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful and was discharged home on postoperative day 5 without any complications. CONCLUSION: First time in the literature described keyhole TPA with eyelid incision to BA aneurysm. TPA is technically difficult and requires some experience to work through deep and limited surgical corridor. This technique can be good alternative to traditional fronto-lateral, supraorbital keyhole craniotomies.

Transpalpebral Approach for Microsurgical Removal of Tuberculum Sellae Meningiomas.

BACKGROUND: The evolution of skull base approaches associated with individualization of surgical corridor and minimizing the collateral damage. Achieving the radical removal of tumor and preserving the neurological status of the patient is possible, both with the traditional approaches and keyhole approaches. Our work presents experience using the transpalpebral approach (TPA) for microsurgical removal of tuberculum sellae meningioma (TSM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 15 patients with meningiomas underwent microsurgical removal of TSM through TPA. Ten patients were women and five were men. The standard preoperative diagnostic protocol includes magnetic resonance imaging with contrast enhancement, brain computed tomography for neuronavigation. We assess surgical complications, functional and cosmetic outcomes, and surgical parameters, including the time of surgery and intraoperative blood loss. RESULTS: Visual impairment was finding in 100% patients, including slight decrease of vision (46,7%, seven patients), partial vision field loss (six patients, 40%), and serious visual impairment (two patients 13.3%). Visual improvement was noted in ten cases (66.7%), there was no improvement in four cases (26.7%), and one case (6.6%) had transient visual worsening for 4 days and slow improvement in 1 month. Headache disappeared in three patients (50%). There were no cases of cerebrospinal fluid leak. Transient frontal hypoesthesia was noted in all patients (100%) without permanent deficit. Transient palsy of the frontal muscle was noted in four patients for 4-6 months. Histological examination revealed WHO Grade I meningioma in 14 cases and in 1 case WHO Grade II meningioma. No deaths were identified in follow-up at 12 months. The average value of the Modified Rankin Scale was 1.4. The mean length of stay in hospital was 5. CONCLUSION: TPA is technically difficult and requires some experience to work in deep structures in a small surgical corridor. This technique can be good alternative to traditional fronto-lateral, supraorbital keyhole craniotomies, and endoscopic endonasal approaches.