[Changes in the blood indices of turkey poults experimentally infected with Eimeria adenoides]. / Promeni v niakoi kruvni pokazateli na puicheta, eksperimentalno invazirani s Eimeria adenoides.

Studied were the changes in the values of sodium, potassium, chlorides, calcium, phosphorus, iron, and copper in the blood plasma as well as in that of hemoglobin, hematocrit, and the total count of blood cells in turkey poults experimentally infected with Eimeria adenoeides. The birds were divided into three groups of 40 each. The first and second were infected with various numbers of sporulated oocysts, while the third group was kept as a control one. It was found that Na, chlorides, Ca, P, and Fe were lowered, and K and Cu were increased over the same period. The total blood cell count and the hematocrit rose on the 4th and 5th day following infection, while they dropped on the 6th to the eighth day. The same was true of hemoglobin values.

[Composition of Eimeria in turkeys in Bulgaria]. / Sustav na eimeriite po puikite v Bulgariia.

Studied was the species composition of Eimeria in turkeys on a pedigree farm in the territory of the Higher Institute of Zootechnics and Veterinary Medicine. Metrical and morphologic investigations were carried out with more than 1000 sporulated oocysts isolated from parental flocks, turkey poults for fattening, clinically affected poults at various ages, and from experimentally infected poults. On the basis of the results obtained the following species were ascertained: Eimeria meleagridis Tyzzer, 1927; E. adenoeides Moore, Brown, 1951; E. meleagrimitis Tyzzer, 1929. Most widely spread proved the Eimeria meleagridis species (52 per cent), followed by E. adenoeides (28.4 per cent), and E. meleagrimitis (26.6 per cent).

[Biochemical changes in the blood of turkey poults experimentally infected with E. adenoeides]. / Vurkhu niakoi biokhimichni promeni v kruvata na puicheta, eksperimentalno invazirani s E. adenoeides.

An experiment was carried out with three groups of 3-week-old turkey poults. The first and second group were infected with 80 000 and 120 000 oocysts of the E. adenoeides species, and the third one was kept as control. Studied were the changes taking place in the total serum protein, serum lipids, blood sugar on the third, sixth and tenth day and the serum carotene on the third, sixth, seventh, and tenth day following infection. It was found that the levels of the total serum protein and serum carotene dropped, while the blood sugar as well as the serum lipids rose. The changes were mostly manifested on the sixth day of the infection, and by the tenth day the condition seemed to come back to normal.

[Histokinesis in experimental ovine cysticercosis]. / Vurkhu khistokinezata pri eksperimentalna ovisna tsistitserkoza.

The dynamic of the morphologic changes taking place in the viscera of lambs was followed up in lambs with an experimental Cysticercus ovis infection. The tests were carried out with 6 two-month-old lambs infected with 30,000 ova of Taenia ovis each. The animals were killed on the 2nd, 4th, 12th, 54th, and 70th day of infection, taking notes on the gross and microscopic changes in the internal organs. It was found that in the predilection sites of localization the migrating oncospheres were transformed into cysticerci around which specific granuloma were formed from the center to the periphery, consisting of eosinophile leukocytes, epitheloid and gigantic cells, lymphocytes, lymphoid cells, and outermost--a connective tissue capsule. As the result of the abundant leukocyte infiltration the cysticerci quickly perished and a suppurant was formed instead that later on was replaced by connective tissue.

[Effect of an experimental infestation with Cysticercus ovis on serum enzyme activity in lambs]. / Vliianie na eksperimentalnata invaziia s Cysticercus ovis vurkhu aktivnostta na niakoi serumni enzimi na agneta.

The changes were followed up that take place in the activity of the more important serum enzymes, such as glutamate oxalacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, serum dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase, and alkaline phosphatase, as well as aldolase in the development of the experimental infection with various doses of Taenia ovis eggs in lambs. Used were 14 two-month-old lambs divided into test groups of 4 animals each and a control group of two lambs. In the lambs of three of the test groups infected with 4000, 7000, and 30 000 T. ovis eggs, respectively, no signs were observed of enhanced serum enzyme activity up to the 35th day following infection. Later on there was a drop of the activity of these enzymes however, with the exception of alkaline phosphatase the values of all studied serum enzymes remained higher than the normal ones up to the end of the experiment.

[Hematological and biochemical changes in lambs experimentally infested with Cysticercus ovis]. / Vurkhu niakoi khematologichni i biokhimichni promeni pri agneta, eksperimentalno invazirani s Cysticercus ovis.

The effect was followed up of the experimental infection of Cysticercus ovis on some hematological and biochemical indices in lambs. The experiments were carried out with a total of 14 two-month-old lambs divided into 3 test groups of 4 animals each and a control group of 2 animals. The lambs of the first group were infected with 4000 Taenia ovis eggs, those of the second group--with 7000 T. ovis eggs, and those of the third group--with 30 000 eggs. Both the hematological and the biochemical investigations were carried out prior to the infection and on the 4th, 7th, 12th, 28h, 35th, and 60th day after that. It was found that the infection led to a considerable rise of the leukocyte count. The differential blood picture pointed to a rise of the eosinophil leukocytes and the lymphocytes, and a drop of the neutrophils. The changes observed in all three test groups were better expressed within the period from the 7th up to the 35th day after the infection.

[Localization of C. ovis in experimentally infected lambs]. / Prouchvane vurkhu lokalizatsiiata na C. ovis pri eksperimentalno invazirani agneta.

Studied were the distribution of Cysticercus ovis in cadavers of lambs experimentally infected with various amounts of Taenia ovis ova, the ratio between superficially localized cysticerci and those found deep in the individual groups of muscles and organs, and the ratio between alive and dead cysticerci. The tests were carried out with thirteen lambs treated as follows: 2 animals were infected with 1000 T. ovis ova each; 3 were infected with 4000 ova each; 4--with 7000 ova each; and 4--with 30 000 ova each. No strictly defined predilection for the localization of Cysticercus ovis was established in the body of the experimentally infected lambs. In compliance with the parasite burden in the individual organs and muscle groups per unit of mass these ranked in the following descending order: heart, diaphragm, fore and hind limbs, masticatory muscles, neck and back muscles, tongue, and abdominal and intercostal muscles. Experimentally, highest was the percent of viable cysticerci in the muscles of the fore and hind limbs and in the muscles of the neck.

[Resistance of broilers to Marek's disease virus]. / Ustoichivost na ptitsite broileri kum virusa na Marekovata bolest.

Studied was the resistance, resp., susceptibility of the initial broiler lines - 66 and 77 of the Cornish breed, and 88 and 99 of the Plymouth Rhock breed, which are used in this country for the production of the four-line hybrid, - to the virus of the Marek's disease, isolate CT-1. A biologic assay was carried out with a total of 2080 young birds divided into three groups; I groups - infected abdominally; II group - contacts; and III group - controls. Certain breed, line, and sex differences were established in terms of resistance, resp., susceptibility of the investigated birds to the CT-1 isolate of the Marek's disease virus. More resistant were the birds of the Cornish breed as compared to those of the White Plymouth Rhock breed. A rising trend was observed in the resistance of cockerels in comparison with the poults of the respective line. Most susceptible to Marek's disease proved the birds of line 99, especially the poults that were currently used for the production of the mother parental form of the four-line hybrid. The birds with abdominal infection showed death cases as early as the second month of age, mortality rising up to end of the fourth month, while with the contacts and controls most death cases were observed at the fifth month of age. Essential decrease in mortality set in with all three groups after the birds reached six months of age. At a low rate of infections which was experimented with the contact and the control group there were not opportunities to fully discover the resistance of birds to Marek's disease.

[Argyrophilic integumentary structures of the miracidium, redia and cercaria of Paramphistmun daubneyi Dinnik, 1962 (Trematoda, Paramphistomidae)]. / Structures argyvophiles tégumentaires du miracidium, de la rédie et la cercaire de Paramphistomum daubneyi Dinnik, 1962 (Trematoda, Paramphistomidae).

Paramphistomum microbothrium and P daubneyi are two sibling-species. The value of morphological criteria which have been used to distinguish the adults is not accepted by all authors. On the contrary, criteria based upon larval stages, except miracidia, permit an easy diagnosis. P. microbothrium parasitizes Bulinids, the rediae have a long intestine, germ-balls are inequal in size, cercariae are long-tailed and possess numerous lateral somatic bristles: about 9 by a half-body and numerous caudal bristles: about 17 pairs. P. daubneyi parasitizes Lymneids, the rediae have a short intestine, germ-balls are of equal size, cercariae are short-tailed and posses few lateral somatic bristles (about 4 by a half-body) and relatively few caudal bristles: about 6 pairs. In addition to the cercaviae, argentophilic structures of miracidia and rediae of P. daubneyi are described.