RESUMO
The results of basic-science and clinical studies performed in the USSR with the drug rimantadine are summarized. In the investigations cited, the therapeutic and prophylactic efficacy of rimantadine against infection with influenza virus was tested, and rimantadine was shown to be clinically efficacious and free of toxicity, both in studies with volunteers and in persons with natural disease during epidemics of influenza. Administration of 50 mg of the drug for 15-30 days was effective for prevention of influenza, and administration, early in the course of illness, of dosage of 150 mg per day for three to five days resulted in a favorable clinical response. The combination of immunization and chemoprophylaxis was shown to be highly effective for the prevention of influenza.
Assuntos
Adamantano/análogos & derivados , Influenza Humana/tratamento farmacológico , Rimantadina/uso terapêutico , Amantadina/uso terapêutico , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Método Duplo-Cego , Humanos , Vacinas contra Influenza/administração & dosagem , Influenza Humana/prevenção & controle , Orthomyxoviridae/genética , RNA Polimerase Dependente de RNA/antagonistas & inibidores , Transcrição Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , U.R.S.S.Assuntos
Imunofluorescência , Influenza Humana/imunologia , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-NascidoRESUMO
An analysis of morbidity of the population in the course of 3 influenza A/Hong-Kong epidemics showed a pronounced decrease in influenza affection of adult population in the last epidemic in 1971--1972. Comparative studies of the diagnostic value of CFR and HIT demonstrated identical sensitivity of CFR as a method of influenza diagnostics in both the epidemic and interepidemic periods. HIT was suitable for the detection of influenza only in the epidemic period. In the interepidemic period, the percentage of influenza infection diagnosed by means of HIT amounted to only 23--24 of all serologically confirmed cases of influenza. The highest percentage of virus isolation was observed when material from patients with serologically confirmed influenza was used. All strains of influenza A virus isolated in 1969 and 1970 were similar in their sensitivity to inhibitors of animal sera. Suring the last influenza epidemic, 2 of the 136 isolated strains were found to be resistant to gamma inhibitors and highly sensitive to the inhibitors showed their close relationship to gamma inhibitors. Antigenic analysis of the influenza A strains isolated during the 3 influenza epidemics revealed changes in the antigenic structure of the agents of the influenza epidemic in Leningrad in comparison with the standard strain A/Hong-Kong/I/68 (H3N2).
Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças , Influenza Humana , Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Epitopos , Humanos , Lactente , Influenza Humana/imunologia , Influenza Humana/microbiologia , Federação RussaRESUMO
An analysis of morbidity of the population in the course of 3 influenza A/Hong-Kong epidemics showed a pronounced decrease in influenza affection of adult population in the last epidemic in 1971--1972. Comparative studies of the diagnostic value of CFR and HIT demonstrated identical sensitivity of CFR as a method of influenza diagnostics in both the epidemic and interepidemic periods. HIT was suitable for the detection of influenza only in the epidemic period. In the interepidemic period, the percentage of influenza infection diagnosed by means of HIT ammounted to only 23--24 of all serologically confirmed cases of influenza. The highest percentage of virus isolation was observed when material from patients with serologically confirmed influenza was used. All strains of influenza A virus isolated in 1969 and 1970 were similar in their sensitivity to inhibitors of animal sera. During the last influenza epidemic, 2 of the 136 isolated strains were found to be resistant to gamma inhibitors and highly sensitive to the inhibitors showed their close relationship to gamma inhibitors. Antigenic analysis of the influenza A strains isolated during the 3 influenza epidemics revealed changes in the antigenic structure of the agents of the influenza epidemic in Leningrad in comparison with the standard strain A/Hong-Kong/I/68 (H3N2).
Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças/epidemiologia , Vírus da Influenza A/imunologia , Influenza Humana/microbiologia , Orthomyxoviridae/imunologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Animais , Embrião de Galinha , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Imunofluorescência , Hong Kong , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Vírus da Influenza A/isolamento & purificação , Influenza Humana/imunologia , Federação RussaRESUMO
Influenza A/Hong Kong/1/68 and A/Victoria/35/72 viruses may produce in primarily trypsinized human embryo kidney (HEK) cell culture a chronic form of persistence accompanied by periodic emergence of cytopathic changes arrested by additional medium change. This persistence causes morphological changes in HEK culture manifested in the substitution of epithelial elements by fibroblasts and prolongs the "life" of culture by over 100 days as compared to the controls. The chronic form of persistence of these viruses in human embryo lung diploid cell culture (HELDC) was accompanied by a cytoproliferogenic effect but did not lead to histomorphological changes and did not exert "oncogenic-lide" changes in cell membranes. Inapparent infection with A/Hong Kong/1/68 virus in HELDC did not cause any histomorphological and cytokaryological abnormalities and was accompanied by complete elimination of the virus from the culture. No oncornavirus contamination was found in HELDC cluture either in intact state or after inoculation with influenza virus.
