[Hemispheric asymmetry of the nigrostriatal system of the brain in rats genetically predisposed to catalepsy]. / Mezhpolusharnaia asimmetriia nigrostriarnoi sistemy mozga krys, geneticheski predraspolozhennykh k katalepsii.

Hemispheric asymmetry of nigro-striate system in a strain of rats GC bred from Wistar for a predisposition to cataleptic reaction was studied by means of biochemical and morphological methods. Hemispheric asymmetry was found in GC and Wistar rats with respect to aminopeptidase activity in neurons of caudate nucleus, with a more pronounced left-side increase in GC rats, the asymmetry index being 13.7%. Acetylcholine esterase activity in subcellular particles of caudate nucleus showed an inversion of asymmetry with higher activity in the left hemisphere of Wistar and right hemisphere of GC rats, and asymmetry index of 15.5%. With respect to the number of astroglia cells in S. nigra, and astroglia and oligodendroglia in N. accumbens there was also an inversion of asymmetry in GC rats who had more cells in the structures of the left hemisphere, whereas Wistar rats had more in the right hemisphere. The asymmetry index was high and equal to 29.8% for astroglia in S. nigra, and 17% for astroglia and 21.4% for oligodendroglia in N. accumbens. However, in S. nigra the number of neurons and oligodendroglia cells was equally increased in the right hemisphere in GC and Wistar rats. The data suggest that the mechanism of hereditary pathology of brain nigro-striate system involves both enhancement and inversion of the hemispheric asymmetry.

[The morphochemical characteristics of the brain in Wistar rats that differ by open-field motor activity]. / Morfokhimicheskaia kharakteristika mozga krys linii Vistar, razlichaiushchikhsia po lokomotornoi aktivnosti v otkrytom pole.

By cytochemical and biochemical methods it is established that in rats with low motor activity the increased content of proteins of cytoplasma and nuclei of neurones of the sensorimotor cortex, caudate nucleus and n. accumbens, the increased activity of a number enzymes of oxidizing and protein metabolism in them are combined with a low activity of enzymes of mediator exchange. In the studied formations in rats with high motor activity an increased activity of synaptic and membrane forms of acetylcholinesterase appears at the same level of activity of cholineacetyltransferase in these subcortical formations and at high monoamineoxidase activity in cellular structures of the cortex and in subcortical formations. It is shown that in animals of the same line but differing by the behaviour in the open field, brain formations such as the sensorimotor cortex, caudate nucleus and n. accumbens have their own biochemical properties of the studied characteristics.

[The effect of tuftsin on various aspects of metabolism in the sensorimotor system of the animal brain]. / Vliianie taftsina na nekotorye storony obmena v dvigatel'noi sisteme mozga zhivotnykh.

Rates of synthesis and degradation of monoamines, acetyl choline and protein were distinctly altered in cortex-subcortex structures of the brain locomotory system after a single administration of tetrapeptide tuftsin Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg during the period 15-30 min of its pronounced effect on the animal motor activity. Correlation between the functional and morphological alterations in cellular and subcellular brain structures, caused by the peptide administration, is discussed.

[Effect of tuftsin on the leucyl aminopeptidase activity of the subcellular components in cerebral cortical formations]. / Vliianie taftsina na aktivnost' leitsilaminopeptidazy subkletochnykh komponentov korkovykh obrazovanii mozga.

The administration of a tetrapeptide tuftsin in a dose of 300 mkg/kg body weight for 15, 75 minutes leads to the change in specific activity of leucyl-arylamidase in subcellular component and their membrane which has been isolated from the rabbit sensomotor cortex and visual cortex. Reaction of a tetrapeptide depends on time. It is strongly pronounced in sensomotor cortex and has an advantage in synaptosomes and their membrane. Possibility of tuftsin in protein exchange of cellular and subcellular component is discussed.

[Mitochondrial energy processes of the visual system in the rabbit brain normally and under conditions of light deprivation]. / Energeticheskie protsessy mitokhondrii zritel'noi sistemy mozga krolikov v norme i v usloviiakh svetovoi deprivatsii.

A rate of endogenous respiration in mitochondria of rabbit brain visual system (visual cortex, forebrain) was higher under conditions of light deprivation (from birth up to 2.5 month) as compared with the mitochondria of control animals. The mitochondria of experimental rabbits were characterized by distinct alteration in oxidative phosphorylation of glutamic acid, by an increased rate of electron transport at the step between cytochrome c-cytochrome oxidase-succinate dehydrogenase of the respiratory chain as well as by the peculiar effect of rothenone and DNP on the chain. All the patterns studied approached the control value within the period of restoration of light impulsation. Nonlinear type of the regenerating processes was observed. Role of specific impulsation and compensatory reactions in the age-dependent development of energy processes in brain mitochondria is discussed.

[Effect of restoration of light flashes on energy processes in the cerebral visual system of animals developing under conditions of light deprivation]. / Vliianie vosstanovleniia svetovoi impul'satsii na énergeticheskie protesessy zritel'noi sistemy mozga zhivotnykh, razvivaiushchikhsia v usloviiakh svetovoí deprivatsii

The changes in the rate and the character of energy processes in the mitochondria of the visual system of the brain caused by prolonged dark-rearing of the animals (for 2 1/2 months from the time of birth) proved to be reversible. The extent of normalization differed in the case of mitochondria of the optic cortex and the superior colliculus. After the animals were placed under normal light conditions the rate of the mentioned processes (when glutamic acid was used as a substrate) increased in the course of a two-week restorative period, and reached the control level or even exceeded it. The rate of the electron transport in the area of cytochrome c -- cytochromoxidase succinic toxidase oxidation chain decreased at the period of restoration and approached the control level. The role of specific impulsation in the age formation of the energy processes of the brain mitochondria is discussed.