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1.
Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther ; 45: 103898, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38008301

RESUMO

We synthesized a new silyl porphyrin derivative conjugated with 6-deoxy-6-sulfo-α-d-glucopyranose (SGlc). Conjugation with SGlc improved A549 cellular uptake without significant changes in the photophysical and photochemical properties and subcellular localization. This improved cellular uptake led to enhanced photodynamic activity. Furthermore, conjugation with SGlc suppressed dark toxicity. These advantages were not observed for a conjugate with a glucose molecule. These results indicated that the conjugation with SGlc is a promising strategy for enhancing photodynamic efficacy.


Assuntos
Fotoquimioterapia , Porfirinas , Humanos , Fármacos Fotossensibilizantes/farmacologia , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Células A549 , Glucose , Porfirinas/farmacologia
2.
Sci Rep ; 13(1): 12740, 2023 08 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37544935

RESUMO

Atherosclerosis is a major cause of cerebral and cardiovascular diseases. Intravascular plaques, a well-known pathological finding of atherosclerosis, have a necrotic core composed of macrophages and dead cells. Intraplaque macrophages, which are classified into various subtypes, play key roles in maintenance of normal cellular microenvironment. Excessive uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein causes conversion of macrophages to foam cells, and consequent progression/exacerbation of atherosclerosis. G-protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) signaling has been reported to associate with atherosclerosis progression. We demonstrated recently that lysophosphatidylglucoside (lysoPtdGlc) is a specific ligand of GPR55, although in general physiological ligands of GPR55 are poorly understood. Phosphatidylglucoside is expressed on human monocytes and can be converted to lysoPtdGlc. In the present study, we examined possible involvement of lysoPtdGlc/GPR55 signaling in foam cell formation. In monocyte-derived M2c macrophages, lysoPtdGlc/GPR55 signaling inhibited translocation of ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1 to plasma membrane, and cholesterol efflux. Such inhibitory effect was reversed by GPR55 antagonist ML193. LysoPtdGlc/GPR55 signaling in M2c macrophages was involved in excessive lipid accumulation, thereby promoting foam cell formation. Our findings suggest that lysoPtdGlc/GPR55 signaling is a potential therapeutic target for inhibition of atherosclerosis progression.


Assuntos
Aterosclerose , Placa Aterosclerótica , Humanos , Células Espumosas/metabolismo , Colesterol/metabolismo , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Lipoproteínas LDL/farmacologia , Lipoproteínas LDL/metabolismo , Aterosclerose/patologia , Placa Aterosclerótica/patologia , Transportador 1 de Cassete de Ligação de ATP/metabolismo , Receptores de Canabinoides/metabolismo
3.
Brain Behav Immun ; 110: 276-287, 2023 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36898418

RESUMO

Pain transmission and processing in the nervous system are modulated by various biologically active substances, including lysophospholipids, through direct and indirect actions on the somatosensory pathway. Lysophosphatidylglucoside (LysoPtdGlc) was recently identified as a structurally unique lysophospholipid that exerts biological actions via the G protein-coupled receptor GPR55. Here, we demonstrated that GPR55-knockout (KO) mice show impaired induction of mechanical pain hypersensitivity in a model of spinal cord compression (SCC) without the same change in the models of peripheral tissue inflammation and peripheral nerve injury. Among these models, only SCC recruited peripheral inflammatory cells (neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, and CD3+ T-cells) in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH), and GPR55-KO blunted these recruitments. Neutrophils were the first cells recruited to the SDH, and their depletion suppressed the induction of SCC-induced mechanical hypersensitivity and inflammatory responses in compressed SDH. Furthermore, we found that PtdGlc was present in the SDH and that intrathecal administration of an inhibitor of secretory phospholipase A2 (an enzyme required for producing LysoPtdGlc from PtdGlc) reduced neutrophil recruitment to compressed SDH and suppressed pain induction. Finally, by screening compounds from a chemical library, we identified auranofin as a clinically used drug with an inhibitory effect on mouse and human GPR55. Systemically administered auranofin to mice with SCC effectively suppressed spinal neutrophil infiltration and pain hypersensitivity. These results suggest that GPR55 signaling contributes to the induction of inflammatory responses and chronic pain after SCC via the recruitment of neutrophils and may provide a new target for reducing pain induction after spinal cord compression, such as spinal canal stenosis.


Assuntos
Dor Crônica , Compressão da Medula Espinal , Humanos , Camundongos , Animais , Infiltração de Neutrófilos , Compressão da Medula Espinal/metabolismo , Auranofina/metabolismo , Corno Dorsal da Medula Espinal/metabolismo , Dor Crônica/metabolismo , Medula Espinal/metabolismo , Receptores de Canabinoides/metabolismo
4.
Org Biomol Chem ; 21(10): 2138-2142, 2023 Mar 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36794702

RESUMO

The glycosylation of unprotected carbohydrates has emerged as an area of significant interest because it obviates the need for long reaction sequences involving protecting-group manipulations. Herein, we report the one-pot synthesis of anomeric glycosyl phosphates through the condensation of unprotected carbohydrates with phospholipid derivatives while retaining high stereo- and regioselective control. The anomeric center was activated using 2-chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolinium chloride to facilitate condensation with glycerol-3-phosphate derivatives in an aqueous solution. A water/propionitrile mixture provided superior stereoselectivity while maintaining good yields. Under these optimized conditions, the condensation of stable isotope-labeled glucose with phosphatidic acid provided efficient access to labeled glycophospholipids as an internal standard for mass spectrometry.

5.
Methods Mol Biol ; 2613: 73-78, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36587071

RESUMO

1-stearoyl (18:0)-2-arachidoyl (20:0)-sn-glycero-3-phospho-ß-D-glucoside (Phosphatidylglucoside or PtdGlc) was synthesized by direct coupling of D-glucose with the phosphate group of phosphatidic acid (18:0, 20:0). Selective in situ activation of the anomeric center of D-glucose by 2-chloro-1,3-dimethylimidazolinium chloride (DMC) in aqueous media allows the omission of protecting groups while furnishing the required ß-phosphate linkage with high selectivity. The described method is suitable to access PtdGlc in mg scale utilizing a simple two step purification protocol.


Assuntos
Glucose , Glicerofosfolipídeos , Glucosídeos
6.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 119(51): e2214957119, 2022 12 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36508673

RESUMO

Secretory proteins and lipids are biosynthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The "protein quality control" system (PQC) monitors glycoprotein folding and supports the elimination of terminally misfolded polypeptides. A key component of the PQC system is Uridine diphosphate glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase 1 (UGGT1). UGGT1 re-glucosylates unfolded glycoproteins, to enable the re-entry in the protein-folding cycle and impede the aggregation of misfolded glycoproteins. In contrast, a complementary "lipid quality control" (LQC) system that maintains lipid homeostasis remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that cytotoxic phosphatidic acid derivatives with saturated fatty acyl chains are one of the physiological substrates of UGGT2, an isoform of UGGT1. UGGT2 produces lipid raft-resident phosphatidylglucoside regulating autophagy. Under the disruption of lipid metabolism and hypoxic conditions, UGGT2 inhibits PERK-ATF4-CHOP-mediated apoptosis in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Moreover, the susceptibility of UGGT2 KO mice to high-fat diet-induced obesity is elevated. We propose that UGGT2 is an ER-localized LQC component that mitigates saturated lipid-associated ER stress via lipid glucosylation.


Assuntos
Fibroblastos , Glucosiltransferases , Animais , Camundongos , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Glucosiltransferases/metabolismo , Estresse do Retículo Endoplasmático , Glicoproteínas/metabolismo , Lipídeos
7.
Bioorg Med Chem Lett ; 52: 128391, 2021 11 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34601028

RESUMO

Sulfoquynovosylacyl propanediol (SQAP; 1) has been developed as a radiosensitizer (anti-cancer agent) for solid tumors, but it was easily cleaved in vivo and had a problem of short residence time. We synthesized a novel compound of a SQAP derivative (3-octadecanoxypropyl 6-deoxy-6-sulfo-α-d-glucopyranoside: ODSG; 2) to solve these problems not easily cleaved by lipase. ODSG (2) cytotoxicity was investigated in vitro, resulting in low toxicity like SQAP (1).


Assuntos
Lipase/metabolismo , Radiossensibilizantes/farmacologia , Células A549 , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Humanos , Estrutura Molecular , Radiossensibilizantes/química , Radiossensibilizantes/metabolismo , Relação Estrutura-Atividade
8.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 569: 86-92, 2021 09 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34237432

RESUMO

Neutrophils undergo spontaneous apoptosis within 24-48 h after leaving bone marrow. Apoptotic neutrophils are subsequently phagocytosed and cleared by macrophages, thereby maintaining neutrophil homeostasis. Previous studies have demonstrated involvement of lysophosphatidylglucoside (lysoPtdGlc), a degradation product of PtdGlc, in modality-specific repulsive guidance of spinal sensory axons, via its specific receptor GPR55. In the present study, using human monocytic cell line THP-1 as a model, we demonstrated that lysoPtdGlc induces monocyte/macrophage migration with typical bell-haped curve and a peak at concentration 10-9 M. Lysophosphatidylinositol (lysoPtdIns), a known GPR55 ligand, induced migration at higher concentration (10-7 M). LysoPtdGlc-treated cells had a polarized shape, whereas lysoPtdIns-treated cells had a spherical shape. In EZ-TAXIScan (chemotaxis) assay, lysoPtdGlc induced chemotactic migration activity of THP-1 cells, while lysoPtdIns induced random migration activity. GPR55 antagonist ML193 inhibited lysoPtdGlc-induced THP-1 cell migration, whereas lysoPtdIns-induced migration was inhibited by CB2-receptor inverse agonist. SiRNA experiments showed that GPR55 mediated lysoPtdGlc-induced migration, while lysoPtdIns-induced migration was mediated by CB2 receptor. Our findings, taken together, suggest that lysoPtdGlc functions as a chemotactic molecule for human monocytes/macrophages via GPR55 receptor, while lysoPtdIns induces random migration activity via CB2 receptor.


Assuntos
Movimento Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Glucosídeos/farmacologia , Lisofosfolipídeos/química , Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Monócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores de Canabinoides/metabolismo , Western Blotting , Movimento Celular/genética , Quimiotaxia/efeitos dos fármacos , Quimiotaxia/fisiologia , Glucosídeos/química , Humanos , Lisofosfolipídeos/farmacologia , Macrófagos/citologia , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Monócitos/citologia , Monócitos/metabolismo , Interferência de RNA , Receptores de Canabinoides/genética , Células THP-1
9.
ACS Chem Neurosci ; 10(1): 716-727, 2019 01 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30346710

RESUMO

G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) is highly expressed in brain and peripheral nervous system. Originally deorphanized as a cannabinoid receptor, recently GPR55 has been described as a lysophospholipid-responsive receptor, specifically toward lysophosphatidylinositol and lysophosphatidyl-ß-d-glucoside (LysoPtdGlc). To characterize lysolipid-GPR55 interaction, synthetic access to LysoPtdGlc and selected analogues was established utilizing a phosphorus(III)-based chemical approach. The biological activity of each synthetic lipid was assessed using a GPR55-dependent chemotropism assay in primary sensory neurons. Combined with molecular dynamics simulations the potential ligand entry port and binding pocket specifics are discussed. These results highlight the preference for gluco- over inositol- and galacto-configured headgroups.


Assuntos
Canabinoides/metabolismo , Glucose/metabolismo , Inositol/metabolismo , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/metabolismo , Animais , Agonistas de Receptores de Canabinoides/farmacologia , Galinhas , Humanos , Lisofosfolipídeos/farmacologia , Simulação de Dinâmica Molecular , Receptores de Canabinoides/metabolismo , Receptores Acoplados a Proteínas G/efeitos dos fármacos
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