Effect of ethanolic extract of leaves of Paederia foetida Linn. on acetic acid induced colitis in albino rats.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of ethanolic extract of leaves of Paederia foetida on acetic acid induced colitis in albino rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ethanolic extract of Paederia foetida (EEPF) was prepared by percolation method. Acute toxicity test was done by using Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development guidelines. Albino rats were divided into four groups of five animals each. Groups A and B received 3% gum acacia. Groups C and D received EEPF 500 mg/kg body weight (BW) and 5-aminosalisylic acid 100 mg/kg BW respectively. Colitis was induced by transrectal administration of 4% acetic acid on 5(th) day. All animals were sacrificed after 48 h of colitis induction and distal 10 cm of the colon was dissected. Colon was weighed for disease activity index (DAI) and scored macroscopically and microscopically. Biochemical assessment of tissue myeloperoxidase (MPO), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) was done in colonic tissue homogenate and malondialdehyde (MDA) was estimated in serum. RESULTS: P. foetida showed significant (P < 0.05) reduction in DAI, macroscopic and microscopic lesion score as well as significant (P < 0.05) improvement in MPO, MDA, CAT, and SOD level as compared to Group B. CONCLUSIONS: The ethanolic extract of leaves of P. foetida showed significant amelioration of experimentally induced colitis, which may be attributed to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant property.

Effect of fruit extract of Fragaria vesca L. on experimentally induced inflammatory bowel disease in albino rats.

AIM: Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are chronic recurrent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) of unknown origin. Oxidative stress is believed to be a key factor in the pathogenesis and perpetuation of the mucosal damage in IBD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ethanolic extract of Fragaria vesca (EFFV) fruits was prepared by percolation method and subjected to oral toxicity testing using OECD guidelines. Albino rats were pretreated orally for 5 days with 3% gum acacia in control, EFFV 500 mg/kg in test and 5-aminosalisylic acid (5-ASA) 100 mg/kg in standard groups. Colitis was induced by transrectal administration of 4% acetic acid on 5(th) day. All the animals were sacrificed with ether overdose 48 hours after colitis induction, and 10 cm colon segment was resected from proximal end. Colon was weighed (for disease activity index) and scored macroscopically and microscopically after histological staining. Biochemical assessments included myeloperoxidase (MPO) and tissue catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) measurements. Statistical analysis was done using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett's "t" test. RESULTS: EFFV showed significant (P < 0.05) prevention of increase in colon weight and disease activity index along with decrease in macroscopic and microscopic lesion score as compared to control group. Significant improvement was observed in the levels of MPO, CAT and SOD, except GSH (P < 0.05). However, the effect of EFFV was significantly less than 5-ASA (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: EFFV at 500 mg/kg showed significant amelioration of experimentally induced IBD, which may be attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.