[Focus on the Myocardial Hypertrophy from the Perspective of Transcriptomics and Metabolomics].

This review presents major directions in studies of myocardial hypertrophy from the aspect of transcriptomics and metabolomics. Understanding of trigger mechanisms of myocardial hypertrophy will permit transition from basic studies to individualized clinical application of innovative technologies in the treatment of heart diseases, such as targeted therapy. At the present time, methods have been developed for diagnostics and prediction of cardiovascular diseases based on the metabolomic profiling and the evaluation of microRNA expression. Progress in studying molecular and genetic processes underlying the development of cardiovascular diseases may provide invaluable information for clinical cardiology.

[Modern approaches to the problem of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy].

This review presents modern data about a hereditary disease of myocardium - hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The main features of its epidemiology, pathophysiological changes in intracardiac hemodynamics, formation of main clinical symptoms of the disease and variants of its clinical course are considered in terms of modern concepts. Much attention is given to characteristics of the variants of the disease and understanding of the formation of its clinical picture of each of them for the choice of the strategy for the management of these patients.

[Electroimpedance Methods of Investigation of Cardiac Activity].

AIM: of the present work was assessment of possibility to use modern electroimpedace methods for the study of activity of the heart. Electroimpemdace methods of measurement for many years remained in the shadow of other diagnostic methods because of low accuracy in evaluation of various parameters. At present, there are technologies of measurement which allow to carry out electroimpedance investigations of cardiac activity dynamically and with acceptable accuracy. In this article, we present methods of electroimpedace measurements created in Institute of Biomedical Equipment of N.E. Bauman Technical University. These methods allow to assess dynamics of movement of ventricles of the heart, to evaluate volume parameters of cardiac activity and all temporal phases of activity of cardiac chambers. We also present data of studies on healthy volunteers and patients of cardiological profile. It has been shown that patients with atrial fibrillation have substantially increased duration of electrical and mechanical activity of atria and ventricles as well as lowed ejection fraction compared with other participants of experiments.

[Analysis of morpho-functional parameters of the heart and polymorphisms of Renin-Angiotensin-aldosterone system genes in patients with different variants of the course of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy].

BACKGROUND: Clinical course and prognosis of a hereditary myocardial disease hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCMP) is determined by multiple factors most of which have genetic nature. AIM: To study morpho functional parameters of the heart and polymorphisms of renin angiotensin aldosterone system genes in patients with various variants of the course of HCMP: stable variant (18%), atrial fibrillation (20%), progressing variant (51%), sudden cardiac death (9%) and "terminal stage" of disease (2%). Control group comprised 55 healthy people (mean age 44.6 +/- 10.3 years, =0.43). All patients went through examination which included molecular genetic and instrumental methods of investigation. RESULTS: In the group of patients with progressing course we observed most frequent development of ECG changes characteristic of HCMP as well as asymmetrical myocardial hypertrophy caused by obstruction of LVOT. In the group of patients with variant "atrial fibrillation" we revealed increase of duration of P wave on ECG, development of more pronounced left atrial dilation and diastolic dysfunction. We established that presence of HCMP was associated with I/D polymorphism of gene and 1166/ polymorphism of AGTR1 gene. Unfavorable combination of allele variants of polymorphisms of RAAS genes exerts cumulative effect on phenotype of the disease and is associated with development of pronounced hypertrophy of the myocardium. The structure of hereditary susceptibility to development of stable variant of the disease course in patients with HCMP includes allele variants of -344 / polymorphism of CYP11B2 gene and 235 polymorphism of AGT gene. Development of the variant with atrial fibrillation is associated with allele variants of 1166/ polymorphism of AGTR1 gene and of the variant with progressing course - with I/D polymorphism of gene and -1903 A/G polymorphism of CMA1 gene.