Ectopic Tooth in Mandibular Canal, Maxillary Sinus, and Mandibular Condyle.

Eruption of tooth into place other than tooth-bearing region is defined as ectopic eruption. Although ectopic eruption of tooth is rare, there have been cases in the maxillary sinus, mandibular condyle, nasal cavity, chin, palate, and orbital floor. Due to ectopic teeth's rarity and lack of consensus for its treatment, incidence was entitled to be added to literature and discussed. It was reported that odontogenic tumors and cysts can develop around the ectopic tooth. Thus, ectopic teeth can be followed up regularly in case of no signs and symptoms. If the patient has unusual orofacial pain, undiagnosed nasal discharge, maxillary sinusitis, preauricular pain, preauricular fistula, trismus, and lip paresthesia, the patient should be evaluated in terms of ectopic tooth. Whether the patient has signs and symptoms related to ectopic tooth, early intervention for the removal of ectopic tooth along with accompanying lesion is the treatment of choice. Specialists choose intervention way based on their experience. When selecting the intervention, minimally invasive and less morbid way should be preferred. Intraoral approach rather than extraorally should be the first choice to prevent unesthetic scar and damage to facial nerve.

A Rare Anatomical Finding: Bilateral Accessory Mental Foramen.

AIM: Accessory mental foramen (AMF) is a not common anatomical variation. During the surgical procedures involving the mandible such as implant surgery, periapical surgery, jaw surgeries, and periapical surgery and enucleation of pathologies at the mental region, obvious attention should be given to prevent postoperative sequelae. Case Report. Orthopantomograph (OPG) is routinely taken to visualize the maxillofacial region at a dental clinic. OPG shows exactly upper and lower jaw and teeth but superficially reveals some pathology or anatomic variation. It misses sometimes an anatomic landmark such as AMF. As the surgery is planned to a maxillofacial region, a detailed knowledge should be known before going into surgery to not interfere with anatomic landmarks. A 52-year-old male patient was referred to Kütahya Health Science University Dental Hospital, Turkey, to rehabilitate his bilateral partial edentulous lower jaw region. Implant surgery was planned in our patient. OPG was taken to evaluate the maxillofacial region but was unremarkable. Before the implant surgery, CBCT was obtained from our patient. CBCT and a three-dimensional reconstructed model of the male patient showed bilateral accessory mental foramen (AMF). CONCLUSION: Accessory mental foramen (AMF) carries additional innervation to the chin, mandibular anterior gingiva, and mental region. Reflection and protection of the AMF during the surgery can prevent hemorrhage and neurosensory disturbance at the mental region and can improve quality of life for the patient. CBCT has higher precision but also a higher price and radiation dose. Although anatomical variations are uncommon, they can be found on digital panoramic radiographs but in limited percentage.