Potential mutagenicity, embryotoxicity, and teratogenicity of calcium ketopantoyl aminobutyrate.

We studied mutagenic, embryotoxic, and teratogenic properties of calcium ketopantoyl aminobutyrate, a preparation proposed as a new drug. Long-term oral administration of calcium ketopantoyl aminobutyrate produced no mutagenic, embryotoxic, and teratogenic effects.

Allergic and immunotoxic effects of calcium ketopantoyl aminobutyrate.

We studied the allergic and immunotoxic effects of a new promising medicinal preparation calcium ketopantoyl aminobutyrate. Calcium ketopantoyl aminobutyrate produced no negative effects on general mechanisms of humoral and cellular immunity. This preparation did not modulate the anaphylactic reaction to bovine serum, exhibited no mitostatic and lymphotoxic properties, had no effect on the delayed-type hypersensitivity response, and did not produce active cutaneous anaphylactic reaction.

[Toxicological characterization of calcium ketopantoylaminobutyrate]. / Toksikologicheskoe issledovanie keto-pantoilaminobutirata kal'tsiia.

The investigation of toxicity of calcium ketopantoylaminobutyrate (Ca-KPAB) showed that this newly synthesized compound belongs to the class of low-toxicity substances. The LD 50 of Ca-KPAB for oral administration is lower than that of pantogam. No toxicity manifestations and local irritant activity was observed upon chronic administration of Ca-KPAB. The therapeutic index of Ca-KPAB is more than 17 times that of pantogam.

[Comparative investigation of calcium ketopantoylaminobutyrate and pantogam: tranquilizer activity]. / Sravnitel'noe issledovanie ket-pantoilaminobutirata kal'tsia i panogama: izuchenie sedativnoi aktivnosti.

Comparative study of the sedative (calming) properties of the new drug calcium ketopantoylaminobutyrate (Ca-KPAB) and the reference drug pantogam (calcium homopantotenate) showed that the newly synthesized compound produces a more pronounced calming action in several standard neuropharmacological tests (spontaneous motor activity, barbiturate antagonist, etc.) and exhibits some additional advantages. Thus, a slight modification of the chemical structure made possible a significant reduction in the effective drug dose.

[A comparative study of the permeability across the hemato-encephalic barrier and of the effect on cerebral blood flow of the new neurotropic agent calcium ketohomopantothenate and of pantogam]. / Sravnitel'noe issledovanie pronitsaemosti cherez gematoéntsefalicheskii ba'er i vliianiia na mozgovoi krovotok novogo neirotropnogo sredstva--ketogomopantotenata kal'tsiia i pantogama.

The permeability through the blood-brain barrier of N-(4-hydroxy-3,3 dimethyl-2-oxo-1-butiryl) gamma-aminobutyric acid calcium salt, a new neurotropic drug calcium ketohomopantothenate (KPA-Ca), was studied in comparison with that of calcium homopantothenate, pantogam (P) Liquid chromatography analysis showed that after oral administration of KPA-Ca and P both forms of these agents, namely, oxy- and keto- derivatives of homopantothenic acid, were found in the brain of experimental rats, the KPA-Ca (ketoform) content being higher. Pharmacological studies showed that KPA-Ca penetrates the blood-brain barrier in greater amounts and causes a higher effect on the rate of cerebral blood flow when it is administered per os in a dose of 50 mg/kg.

[The effect of ubiquinone Q10 and biotin on the growth and development of premature animals]. / Vliianie ubikhinona Q10 i biotina na rost i razvitie nedonoshennykh zhivotnykh.

Biotin (0.3 mg/kg per os) and ubiquinone Q10 (50 mg/kg, per os) during chronic administration were found to produce stimulating effects on premature animals. The two drugs contributed to a more rapid development of memory and learning processes in premature new-born rats than in mature ones, normalized the major parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Some specific features and differences were ascertained in the stimulating effects of biotin and ubiquinone Q10.

[The anticonflict and antiamnestic actions of carnitine chloride]. / Antikonfliktnoe i antiamnesticheskoe deistvie karnitina khlorida.

Anticonflict and antiamnestic effects of original D,L-carnitine chloride have been studied. By using a model of electroshock amnesia, carnitine chloride showed a pronounced antiamnestic effects, by positively affecting the behaviour of animals exposed to a conflict situation. The neuropharmacological effects of carnitine chloride have been found to be implicated in the metabolism of proteins and lipids.

[The pharmacological properties of coenzyme A disulfide]. / Farmakologicheskie svoistva kofermenta A-disulfida.

Coenzyme A disulfide (CoA disulfide) was pharmacologically studied. It has been found to normalize lipid and carbohydrate metabolism when given in a dose of 2 mg/kg, i.m., in diverse liver dysfunctions. It possesses an antihypoxic action under hemic and histotoxic hypoxia. When given in small doses (80-160 micrograms/kg, i.v.), CoA disulfide depresses the function of cellular hemostasis.

[A comparative study of the psychotropic activity of different salts of homopantothenic acid]. / Sravnitel'noe izuchenie psikhotropnoi aktivnosti razlichnykh solei gomopantotenovoi kisloty.

Psychotropic activity of different salts of homopantothenic acid was studied. In homopantothenic acid derivatives, the substitution of calcium ions by sodium and magnesium ions gives rise to a decrease of the sedative and potentiation of the stimulating properties.

[The antihypoxic action of carnitine chloride]. / Protivogipoksicheskoe deistvie karnitina khlorida.

D, L-carnitine chloride antihypoxic action was studied. Carnitine chloride (100-200 mg/kg) was found to increase mouse life expectancy under different experimental models of hypoxia both at acute and chronic administration.

[Antihypoxic properties of GABA-containing vitamin derivatives]. / Antigipoksicheskie svoistva GAMK-soderzhashchikh proizvodnykh vitaminov.

The antihypoxic properties of GABA-containing vitamin derivatives (pyridoxalphosphate-GABA, picamilone, pantogam, sodium homopantothenate) as compared with GABA were studied. All agents were found to increase mouse life expectancy under hypoxia in contrast to GABA.