[Interrelation of the thyroid and calcium-regulating functions in patients with diffuse toxic goiter]. / Vzaimosviaz' tireoidnoi i kal'tsiireguliruiushchei funktsii u bol'nykh diffuznym toksicheskim zobom.

A comparative analysis of thyroid and calcium regulating functions in the diffuse toxic goiter was performed. At the initial stage TSH reaction to TRH was on a decrease in parallel with a sharp increase in the content of T4 T3. Two-third of the patients revealed an increase in the level of calcitonin resulting in an increase in the ratio of calcitropic hormones. In that case the content of ionized calcium was not increased. In one-third of the patients the level of calcitonin showed a tendency to a decrease in the normal ratio of calcitropic hormones not accompanied by change in the level of ionized calcium. In neurocirculatory dystonia polymorphism of clinical manifestation was accompanied by great variations (both rising and lowering tendencies) of all indices.

[Interrelation of the clinical picture of hypothyroidism with the calcium-regulating function of the thyroid in its diffuse enlargement]. / Vzaimosviaz' klinicheskoi kertiny gipotireoza kal'tsiireguliruiushchei funktsii shchitovidnoi zhelezy pri ee diffuznom uvelichenii.

Analysis was made of the correlation between the clinical manifestations of hypothyrosis and thyroid calcium-regulating activity. In diffuse enlargement of the thyroid gland the employment of mathematical analysis of hypothyrosis symptoms and thyrotropin-releasing hormone test promoted the early diagnosis of hypothyrosis and helped to reveal its pathogenesis (primary, hypophyseal, hypothalamic). In primary hypothyrosis, when the basal level of thyrotropin and its reaction to TRH was increased, depressed levels of parathormone and thyroxin-binding globulin were observed. A tendency towards elevation in the production of calcitonin was recorded in all mild forms of the disease.

[Interrelation between the thyroid and calcium-regulating hormones in patients with hypothyroidism]. / Vzaimosviaz' tireoidnykh i kal'tsiireguliruiushchikh gormonov u bol'nykh gipotireozom.

The paper is concerned with a comparative analysis of the clinical signs of hypothyrosis, thyroid and calcium regulating functions. A decreased or increased reaction of TTH to TRH was revealed; it was accompanied by disorder of calcium regulating function determined by the level of calcitonin, parathyrin and ionized calcium, all these indices being evaluated by a mathematical table proposed by K. I. Myshkin with relation to a severity of the signs of hypothyrosis. An elevated level of calcitonin in the blood was observed in primary hypothyrosis with an increased reaction of TTH to TRH. A percentage ratio of calcitonin to parathyrin grew with an increased level of ionized calcium. Clinical signs of hypothyrosis either decreased or disappeared completely, clinical signs of hypoparathyrosis (relative hypoparathyrosis) appeared making the diagnosis of hypothyrosis difficult. There was a decrease in the calcitonin content in primary hypothyrosis with insufficient reaction of TTH to TRH. A decrease in the percentage ratio of calcitonin to parathyrin was noted in the normal level of ionized calcium. Clinical signs of hypothyrosis in this case were noticeable. In hypophysial hypothyrosis (pangiopopituitarism) there was a decrease in the levels of calcitonin and parathyrin but their percentage ratio remained normal in a decreased level of ionized calcium.

[Thyroliberin test in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer]. / Tiroliberinovyi test v diagnostike raka shchitovidnoi zhelezy.

The function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid system was studied in patients with nodular diseases of the thyroid gland to determine the importance of the thyroliberin test for the diagnosis of thyroid cancer. Patients with thyroid cancer develop profound disturbances in the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid system. Unlike benign nodular thyroid diseases, the cancerous process is marked by suppression of the pituitary responsiveness to stimulation with thyroliberin while the degree of thyrotropin level elevation turns out twice as decreased after thyroliberin administration. The thyroliberin test can be used in differential diagnosis of malignant and benign nodular diseases of the thyroid gland. The sensitivity of cancer as regards "the lowered thyrotropin index" calculated as the ratio of stimulated thyrotropin to basal one constitutes 85%, specificity 89.5%.

[Blood concentrations of calcitonin, calcium and parathyrin in patients with thyroid diseases]. / Kal'tsitonin, kal'tsii i paratirin v krovi bol'nykh pri zabolevaniiakh shchitovidnoi zhelezy.

The article was written on the basis of clinical data. The relationship between calcitropic hormone levels (calcitonine and parathyrin, containing ionized calcium in the blood of patients with several thyroid diseases) was comparatively analyzed. It was determined that functional-structural reformation of the thyroid, seen in these cases, disturbed the normal hormone balance, followed by affection of calcium metabolism. In thyroid insufficiency (Hashimoto's disease and initial hypothyrosis) the increased thyrotropin secretion is accompanied by an elevation of the calcitonine level The ratio of calcitropic hormones is changed in the direction of relative hypoparathyrinemia. The blood ionized calcium content grows, the total calcium level remaining unchanged. The blood calcitonine concentration decreases in patients with euthyroid goiter in the presence of the normal or reduced thyrotropin level, indicating thyrotropin-calcitonine relationships. Calcitropic hormone ratio tends to relative hyperparathyrinemia.

[Calcitonin and paratirin in nodular pathology of the thyroid gland]. / Kal'tsitonin i paratirin pri uzlovoi patologii shchitovidnoi zhelezy.

The calcitonin-parathyroid hormone secretion (CPS) ratio was studied by means of radioimmunoassay in different cases of nodose thyroid pathology. It was found that functional thyroid reconstruction induces un balance of calcitropic hormones. The development of "hot", functionally active nodes is accompanied by CPS lowering due to disturbed parathyroid hormone secretion. "Cold" nodes produce no disorder in the calcitropic hormone ratio in relative insufficiency of thyroid function. However, a marked shift towards an increase in calcitonin secretion and a decrease in parathyroid hormone level occur in malignant "cold" thyroid nodes. CPS is enhanced in adenocarcinoma and is maximum in medullary cancer.

[Tumor-induced hypoglycemia and bioelectric activity of the brain in cancer patients]. / Gipoglikemicheskoe davlenie opukholi i bioélektricheskaia aktivnost' golovnogo mozga u onkologicheskikh bol'nykh.

Changes in bioelectric activity of the brain were observed in 56 patients with disseminated breast cancer which pointed to the activation of the hypothalamus. Hyperglycemia, with blood-sugar levels being 4-6 times the basal normal one, was induced in 16 patients by a single injection of glucose. As a result, a 50-80% transient improvement in electroencephalographic indexes was obtained, hypothalamic excitation subsiding and optimal indexes matching peaks of hyperglycemia. It is concluded that the said changes in the bioelectric activity of the brain in cancer patients are largely of compensatory nature and should be regarded as a response to tumor-induced hypoglycemia.