RESUMO
Fraser syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder with spectrum of malformations. Gamut of abnormal airway includes high arched palate, laryngeal atresia, hypoplasia, laryngeal stenosis etc. Laryngeal intubation difficulties have often been reported in literature. Airway management and decision process leading to emergency tracheostomy in these children has been discussed.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The purpose of this study was to compare the analgesic efficacy of the ilioinguinal-iliohypogastric nerve block (II/IH) with local wound infiltration in children undergoing herniotomy surgeries. METHODS: After ethics committee approval and informed consent, 100 children aged 6 months-7 years posted for herniotomy surgeries were randomly divided into Group B and Group W. Local wound infiltration was performed in Group W by the surgeon at the time of port placement and the end of the surgery with 0.2 mL.kg-1 of 0.25% bupivacaine. Ipsilateral II/IH was performed in Group B at the end of the surgery, under ultrasonographic guidance with a Sonosite portable ultrasound unit and a linear 5-10 MHz probe with a 22G hypodermic needle, and 0.2 mL.kg-1 of 0.25% bupivacaine was used on each side. The parameters recorded were postoperative hemodynamics, paracetamol and opioid requirements, postoperative pain scores, postoperative nausea vomiting, and the need for rescue analgesia in the first 6 h postoperatively. RESULTS: The median pain scores were significantly lower in the II/IH group than the local wound infiltration group at 10 min (2 [0-2.5] compared to 2 [3-4]; P = 0.011), 30 min (1.5 [0-3] compared to 3 [2-5]; P < 0.001), 1 h (1.5 [0-2] compared to 2 [2-3]; P < 0.001) and 2 h (2 [0-2] compared to 2 [1.5-2.5]; P = 0.010) postoperatively. The need for postoperative opioids and rescue analgesia was also significantly lower in the II/IH group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: II/IH is superior to local wound infiltration for postoperative analgesia in pediatric herniotomy surgeries.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Periodontal diseases are ubiquitous, affecting all dentate animals. Regular methods for controlling it have been found to be ineffective, which have paved the way for the use of herbal products as an adjunctive to mechanical therapy as they are free to untoward effects and hence can be used for a long period of time. Ocimum sanctum is a plant which has the greater medicinal value and enormous properties for curing and preventing disease. OBJECTIVE: In the present study we assessed the effectiveness of Ocimum sanctum on dental plaque, gingival inflammation and comparison with gold standard chlorhexidine and normal saline (placebo). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A triple blind randomized control trial was conducted among volunteered medical students. They were randomly allocated into three study groups: (1) Ocimum sanctum mouthwash (n = 36); (2) Chlorhexidine (active control) (n = 36); (3) normal saline (negative control) (n = 36). Assessment was carried out according to plaque score and gingival score. Statistical analysis was carried out later to compare the effect of both mouthwash. ANOVA (Analysis of variance) and post-hoc LSD tests were performed using software package used for statistical analysis (SPSS) version 17. P ≤0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: Our result showed that Ocimum sanctum mouthrinse is equally effective in reducing plaque and gingivitis as Chlorhexidine. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in gingival bleeding and plaque indices in both groups over a period of 15 and 30 days as compared to control group. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study indicate that Ocimum sanctum mouthrinse may prove to be an effective mouthwash owing to its ability in decreasing periodontal indices by reducing plaque accumulation, gingival inflammation and bleeding. It has no side effect as compared to chlorhexidine.
