Endodontic management of taurodontic teeth: A case series.

This paper illustrated successful endodontic non-surgical (re)treatments of molars and premolar with different taurodontic classifications and accompanied anomalies like C-shape and extra root canals in otherwise healthy patients. Magnification with illumination besides active irrigation with NaOCl were the most helpful items in managing these cases.

Detection and Endodontic Treatment of Unusual Anatomic Variations in Second Premolars: A Case Report.

Endodontic treatment of second premolars is challenging due to their complex anatomy and the likelihood of anatomical variations. The current report presents successful treatments of mandibular and maxillary second premolars with different anatomies in a single patient. The first case involved a patient referred from a general practitioner who was unable to complete the root canal treatment of her mandibular second premolar with four root canals. The initial radiograph showed an apical radiolucency, periodontal ligament (PDL) widening, and a fast break suggesting the possibility of root canal branching. With the diagnosis of previous treatment and chronic apical periodontitis, the tooth was successfully retreated with the aid of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), a dental operating microscope, and ultrasonic tips. The second case was a maxillary second premolar with Vertucci's type VI root canal morphology, which was not responsive to pulpo-periapical tests. Along with a deep carious lesion and a PDL widening on the initial radiograph, a diagnosis of necrosis with chronic apical periodontitis was made. The root canals were located and treated using a combination of radiography with different angulation and CBCT. Both teeth were clinically and radiographically asymptomatic at the 4-month follow-up session. This case report highlights the importance of thorough preoperative evaluation and the use of advanced technology and techniques in achieving successful endodontic treatment outcomes.

Endodontic Management of a Maxillary Central Incisor with two Roots: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Maxillary incisors are typically straightforward cases for root canal therapy. While it is commonly assumed that maxillary central incisors have a single root canal, they may occasionally exhibit variations in their root canal system anatomy. In this report, we present a case of a maxillary central incisor with multiple root canals and provide a review of relevant literature on this anatomical variation. A 13-year-old female with deep carious lesion in tooth 11 was admitted in Department of Endodontics. Following a precise clinical and radiographic examination, a maxillary central incisor with necrotic pulp and chronic apical periodontitis along with unusual root anatomy was found and considered for non-surgical root canal treatment. Successful treatment results depend on various factors and awareness of root canal system anatomy is one of them. Due to an increasing number of reported cases of maxillary central incisors with different anatomy, it is imperative to consider anatomical variations even in the most routine cases.

Comparative Analysis of Stress Distribution through Finite-Element Models of 3 NiTi Endodontic Instruments while Operating in Different Canal Types.

Statement of the Problem: Distribution of stress along endodontic instruments determines their fracture resistance during instrumentation of root canals. The cross-sectional design of instruments and root canal anatomy are of the most important factors affecting the stress distribution. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stress distribution in different cross-sectional design of nickel-titanium (NiTi) endodontic instruments operating in different canal anatomies using finite element analysis (FEA). Materials and Method: In this original finite element analysis study, 3-dimensional models of convex triangle (CT), S-type (S), and triple-helix (TH) cross-sectional designs with the size of 25/04 simulated rotational movements through 45ᵒ and 60ᵒ angled root canals with 2- and 5-mm radii using ABAQUS software. The stress distribution was evaluated by the means of FEA. Results: CT showed the lowest stress values followed by the TH and S ones. The most stress concentration was detected in the CT apical third while, TH revealed better stress distribution all along its length. 45ᵒ curvature angle and 5-mm radius applied the lowest stress to the instruments. Conclusion: Higher value of radius and smaller curvature angle apply lower stress values to the instrument. CT design shows the lowest stress level with the most stress concentration in its apical third while the triple-helix design has a better stress distribution. Thus, it is safer to use convex triangular cross-section mostly for coronal and middle thirds in initial steps of shaping and triple-helix for the apical third in final steps.

In vitro evaluation of tooth discolouration induced by mineral trioxide aggregate Fillapex and iRoot SP endodontic sealers.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tooth discolouration potential of two new calcium-silicate-based sealers (mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) Fillapex and iRoot SP). Sixty premolars were resected below the coronal third of the root. Pulp chamber was instrumented and irrigated via the apical access. Samples were randomly assigned into groups A (MTA Fillapex), B (AH plus), C (iRoot SP) and D (unfilled as control). Colour assessment was performed at baseline, 1st, 3rd and 6th months with an intraoral spectrophotometer. Analysis of variance with additional multiple comparisons of post hoc were used for statistical analysis. All sealers caused perceptible tooth discolouration and there was no statistically significant difference between them. Discolouration progressed within the first 3 months and then decreased until the 6th month.