N-acetyl cysteine versus allopurinol in the prevention of contrast nephropathy in patients with chronic kidney disease: A randomized controlled trial.

Contrast media administration can lead to acute deterioration in renal function particularly in patients with pre-existing chronic kidney disease. This prospective, randomized controlled open-label parallel group study was undertaken at Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, from June to December 2015. A total of 95 patients were included, of which 35 received n-acetylcysteine (NAC) + normal saline (NS), 30 patients received allopurinol (ALL) + NS, and 30 patients received placebo. In our study, the overall incidence of CIN was 24%. Incidence of CIN in NAC + NS, ALL + NS, and placebo group were 20%, 16%, and 36%, respectively. The major finding of this study was there was no significant difference between NAC and allopurinol in the prevention of contrast nephropathy. However, only allopurinol was superior to placebo. In our study, hyperuricemia and baseline serum creatinine were the only risk factors associated with CIN.

Desmoid tumours: our experience of six cases and review of literature.

Desmoid tumours represent aggressive fibroblastic proliferation of the musculoaponeurotic structures commonly from the anterior abdominal wall. These tumours infiltrate locally, recur frequently but do not metastasize. Antecedent trauma, pregnancy and estrogens play a role in the etiopathogenesis of these tumours. In familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) genetic history associated with chromosomal abnormality and familial incidence as in Gardner's syndrome is reported and most of these tumours are intraperitoneal either in the mesentery or pelvis and may be multiple and they carry poor prognosis. Surgery is the most preferred treatment and requires wide excision with 1 cm margin followed by reconstruction of the defect in the anterior abdominal wall either with local musculoaponeurotic layers or with synthetic mesh. In intra-abdominal cases associated with FAP in addition to surgery, hormonal treatment, chemotherapy and Radiotherapy are also advised depending upon the particular condition but usually prognosis is not encouraging. In this article we present our personal experience in the successful treatment of six cases of sporadic desmoids, five in females of child bearing age, and all in the anterior abdominal wall and one extra abdominal in a child aged 13 y in the gluteal region (Case 6). It is very interesting and unique to see two desmoid tumours developing in the same patient (Case2)one in each of the Rectus abdominal muscles (Right & Left).