INVESTIGATION OF THE LEVEL OF MONOSACCHARIDES IN SALIVA OF PATIENTS WITH IMPAIRED CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM.

Carbohydrate metabolism disorder is a severe systemic disease leading to the development of a full range of metabolic disorders, accompanied by obesity, vascular pathology, connective tissue damage. Therefore, a range of activities is very important for such patients, which allows you to reduce blood glucose levels. These procedures include dietary nutrition, moderate load, reduced stress, and, if necessary, gastric surgery is performed to reduce food drive, and, as a result, reduced body weight. Objective - investigate glucose, fructose, and galactose levels in saliva of patients with impaired carbohydrate metabolism and establish a relationship with blood plasma parameters. Saliva samples obtained from 38 patients: patients with DM-2, patients with DM-2 and obesity after bariatric surgery, patients with prediabetes, obesity, and impaired glucose tolerance. The control group made up of healthy volunteers who denied having somatic pathology. Within the framework of the study, a protocol was formed containing the values of anthropometric indices and assessments of body parameters, the results of the study of lipid and carbohydrate spectrum parameters in plasma. Saliva samples calculated for salivation rate, saliva pH, and glucose, fructose, and galactose in µg/ml determined by high-liquid chromatography. Showed that saliva of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 showed significantly (p<0.05) low level of fructose, patients with glucose tolerance significantly (p<0.05) high galactose content, and patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 after bariatric surgery maximum (p<0.05) amount of glucose. In saliva, the content of monosaccharides is determined, but their amount is small and requires the use of highly sensitive methods. Differences in the quantitative and qualitative content of monosaccharides in saliva are determined by the type of carbohydrate metabolism disorder.

[Proteomic saliva assay in patients with COVID-19]. / Proteomnyi analiz slyuny u patsientov s COVID-19.

THE AIM OF THE STUDY: Was to perform proteomic saliva assay in order to reveal mechanisms of the oral pathology caused by COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Proteomic analysis was performed to compare saliva proteins profile in healthy individuals (10 samples) and patients with COVID-19 (30 samples). RESULTS: The obtained results of the saliva samples study in patients with COVID-19 indicate activation in the oral tissues the pathways of the cell renewal, apoptosis, DNA exchange processes and chromatin remodelling; there are also marked signs of immune response reactivation and immunostimulation. CONCLUSION: Of all the proteins presented, the saliva of patients with COVID-19 33 proteins have an intersection with GO-annotated proteins of inflammation and epithelial cornification.

[THE STATE OF THE ORAL CAVITY LOCAL IMMUNITY DURING THE TREATMENT WITH METAL BRACKET-SYSTEM].

Objective - to study the effect of braces on the dentoalveolar system and the occurrence of changes in the body as a whole. The study involved 25 patients, 15 women and 10 men aged 20 to 45 years, with an anomaly of occlusion of the dentition in the transversal and sagittal plane, crowded position of the teeth of the upper and lower dentition. All patients were treated orthodontically on the MBT prescription bracket system made of high-quality steel grade 17-4. In patients, the bracket system was fixed to the light (double) curing adhesive ENLIGHT by ORMCO. All patients signed an informed consent form. Orthodontic braces are used to treat dental anomalies. Increased microbial contamination (poor hygiene) due to the appearance of additional retention points for plaque, trauma to the oral mucosa with parts of orthodontic devices, invagination and infringement of the gingival papilla by moving teeth are the main factors in the development of gingivitis, periodontitis and cheilitis during treatment with a bracket system. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the proteins of non-specific immunity sIgA and lysozyme were studied in the mixed saliva of patients with a fixed metal bracket system. It was found that in 40% of patients after 3 months. after treatment, local immunodeficiency develops, which requires antibacterial therapy and professional oral hygiene in these terms. In conclusion, it is noted that braces have both positive and negative effects on the dental system and the body as a whole, so when planning orthodontic treatment, patients with initially reduced local immunity of the oral cavity should be included in the risk group.

[COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE SPECIES COMPOSITION AND SENSITIVITY OF MICROFLORA IN PATIENTS WITH ODONTOGENIC MAXILLARY SINUSITIS].

Objective - to study the species composition of microflora and its sensitivity in patients with odontogenic maxillary sinusitis. The study included 230 patients of both sexes aged 18 to 70 years, who were treated at the Moscow Regional Scientifics Research and Clinical Institute named after M. F. Vladimirsky with a diagnosis of Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis. Of these, there were 155 patients with odontogenic sinusitis, complicated by perforation of the maxillary sinus and the presence of an oro-antral fistula, and 75 patients with maxillary aspergillosis. All patients underwent microbiological examination of smears and flushes from the maxillary sinus cavity with the determination of the species composition and antibiotic sensitivity. In the majority of the patients with perforative forms of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis, coccal flora (streptococci and various species) was detected, in a smaller number compared to it - facultative and obligate anaerobes, pathogenic fungi (Candida). A comparative analysis of the microflora, depending on the duration of the maxillary sinus perforation, showed that the rhinogenic microorganisms (Moraxella spp.) were found only in intraoperative perforations (up to 20% of cases). The presence of obligate anaerobes (Fusobacterium spp. Bacteroides spp.) was typical for long-existing perforations. In patients with maxillary aspergillosis facultative and obligate anaerobes were found less frequently and in a smaller variety than in patients with perforative maxillary sinusitis. There were no cases of sinus contamination by pathogenic fungi of the genus Candida in this group. At the same time, rhinogenic microgranisms (Moraxella spp.) were detected with a higher frequency (up to 27.3%) in this group of patients.

[; HISTORICAL ANALYSIS AND ANALYTICAL REVIEW OF THE CREATION OF "MEMORY CLINICS" IN THE WORLD PRACTICE].

The number of elderly and senile people with severe senile asthenia syndrome and cognitive disorders, which eventually develop into dementia, is increasing every year in the world. It is this disease that is the highest priority in the health care of the entire world community.; The article provides a historical overview of the creation of memory clinics that operate in the paradigm of providing community-based psychiatric care. The results of changes in the clinical-dynamic and epidemiological indicators of the prevalence of dementia in the direction of early detection of pre-dementia conditions with mild cognitive decline syndrome are presented. Global trends in the development of memory clinics for outpatient patients are considered.; The purpose of the study: to provide a comprehensive analysis of the available literature data on the feasibility of a multi-faceted approach in the development of the concept of memory clinics.

[IMPROVEMENT OF METHODS FOR THE PREVENTION AND HYGIENE OF THE ORAL MUCOSA OF STOMATHOLOGICAL PATIENTS UNDERGOING HIGH DOSAGE CHEMOTHERAPY].

Aim of the study- improving the methods of prevention and hygiene of the oral mucosa of dental patients receiving high-dose toxic chemotherapy. 55 patients aged from 30 to 65 years of oncological profile with a combined dental pathology were taken for clinical observation. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the applied methods of oral hygiene: in group 1, a standard hygienic technique was used; group 2 additionally used the hygiene and prophylactic agent "CITO-STOP", adapted for patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy. Measurement and comparison of the amount of methotrexate in the oral fluid in both groups was carried out according to a single scheme. The measurement was carried out by high performance liquid chromatography immediately before the introduction of methotrexate, then after the start of infusion at the following time intervals: 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, 8 hours, 16 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, respectively. The study of Candidaalbicans on sensitivity to the author's hygiene and prophylactic agent "CITO-STOP" was carried out in both groups. Means "CITO-STOP" has a declaration of conformity of the Eurasian Economic Union and is approved for clinical use and sale on the territory of the Russian Federation (Patent for invention No. 2607931 dated January 11, 2017). Statistical processing of the results was carried out in both groups according to a single technique. In samples of oral fluid in patients using the optional "CITO-STOP" for oral hygiene, the amount of methotrexate is significantly reduced. The effect of the drug on the Candidaalbicans culture leads to damage to the exocular matrix and subsequent lysis of the Candidaalbicans culture. The developed and tested author's remedy "CITO-STOP" is an effective tool for the prevention and oral hygiene of dental cancer patients. This tool has analgesic, epithelizing and antifungal properties. The amount of methotrexate in the oral fluid after the use of high-dose chemotherapy with the use of the hygienic prophylactic "CITO-STOP" has been proven to decrease. "CYTO-STOP" has a pronounced fungicidal activity Patients of the second group who used the "CITO-STOP" foam for additional oral hygiene and the prevention of post-cytostatic stomatitis noted an improvement in the quality of life by reducing the pain symptom, eliminating bleeding of the mucous membrane and halitosis (halitosis).