RESUMO
Strategies associated with ownership or management of a range of health service facilities, service sharing, and other coordination activities are important to the viability of many rural hospitals. This article articulates a set of linkage strategies employed by rural hospitals. Such strategies and their environmental and organizational correlates are assessed in a sample of 46 rural Pennsylvania hospitals.
Assuntos
Serviços Hospitalares Compartilhados/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitais Rurais/organização & administração , Afiliação Institucional/estatística & dados numéricos , Serviços Contratados/estatística & dados numéricos , Pesquisa sobre Serviços de Saúde/métodos , Hospitais Rurais/estatística & dados numéricos , Sistemas Multi-Institucionais/estatística & dados numéricos , Propriedade/estatística & dados numéricos , Pennsylvania , Análise de Regressão , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Caffeine-amphetamine interactions were studied to determine whether attenuation of amphetamine-induced activity by caffeine pretreatment (30 mg/kg) is the result of increased or decreased sensitivity to amphetamine. Caffeine pretreatment attenuated amphetamine activity in the rats without producing a horizontal shift in the dose-response curve. Results support a reduction in sensitivity to amphetamine. A cross-tolerance design revealed an asymmetrical interaction between caffeine and amphetamine. Multiple caffeine treatments (30 mg/kg) produced tolerance and attenuation of subsequent amphetamine activity (1.5 mg/kg). Amphetamine did not produce tolerance or affect subsequent caffeine-induced activity.
