Beneficial Effects of Dinitrosyl Iron Complexes on Wound Healing Compared to Commercial Nitric Oxide Plasma Generator.

Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous molecule which plays a key role in wound healing. Previously, we identified the optimal conditions for wound healing strategies using NO donors and an air plasma generator. The aim of this study was to compare the wound healing effects of binuclear dinitrosyl iron complexes with glutathione (B-DNIC-GSH) and NO-containing gas flow (NO-CGF) at their optimal NO doses (0.04 mmol for B-DNIC-GSH and 1.0 mmol for NO-CGF per 1 cm2) in a rat full-thickness wound model over a 3-week period. Excised wound tissues were studied by light and transmission electron microscopy and immunohistochemical, morphometrical and statistical methods. Both treatments had an identical stimulating impact on wound healing, which indicated a higher dosage effectiveness of B-DNIC-GSH compared to the NO-CGF. B-DNIC-GSH spray application reduced inflammation and promoted fibroblast proliferation, angiogenesis and the growth of granulation tissue during the first 4 days after injury. However, prolonged NO spray effects were mild compared to NO-CGF. Future studies should determine the optimal B-DNIC-GSH solution course for a more effective wound healing stimulation.

Expression of the P53 Protein and Morphological Changes in Neurons in the Pyramidal Layer of the Hippocampus After Simulation of Surgical Interventions in the Nasal Cavity in Rats.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: To determine the role of surgical stress on the formation of p53-positive and dark neurons (DN) in the hippocampus, and to examine the parallelism of their formation in the pyramidal layer of the hippocampus. METHODS: Simulated septoplasty was performed on 20 Wistar rats. The hippocampus and dentate gyrus (DG) were examined, in which the number of DN and p53-positive neurons was determined at 2, 4 and 6 days after surgery. In each rat, 10 brain slices were stained with antibodies to p53 protein with Meyer's haematoxylin and 10 slices were stained with Nissl toluidine blue. Hippocampal subfields CA1, CA2, CA3 and DG were studied. In the pyramidal subfield layer, the absolute number of neurons that were nuclear antibody-positive to p53 protein was counted, as well as the number of dark neurons. The counting area in each subfield was 20934±1260 µm2. Neurons are counted using the Aperio ImageScope program. For the histological specimen analysis, the ImageJ software was used. The data obtained using cell counting methods were presented as mean ± SE. Then, they were compared between both groups using a t-test SPSS 21software. RESULTS: Compared with the control group (n = 5), the number of DN and p53-positive neurons increased in experimental animals at all periods. A direct relationship was obtained between the increase in the number of DN and p53-positive neurons in the hippocampal formation. Septoplasty simulation in rats results in the pathogenetic cascades onset, which, in its turn, changes the morpho-functional properties of neurons of the pyramidal layer of the hippocampus and contributes to their neuroplasticity. Activation of NMDS receptors of neurons during stress apparently, initiates two ways of neuron life - the beginning of p53 protein expression and the DN formation. Both ways can finally lead to apoptosis. CONCLUSION: The formation of dark neurons and the expression of the p53 protein in them are most likely to be interconnected and can probably provide neuroprotective mechanisms.

The study of the relevance of macro- and microelements in the hair of young wrestlers depending on the style of wrestling.

While participating in an intensive training process, the athlete's body requires not only energy, but also specific macro- and microelements. The purpose of this study was to show the meaning of monitoring the level of mineral trace elements in athletes-wrestlers during physical activity. As an experimental group, 66 male wrestlers aged 18-20 years with at least 3 years of intensive wrestling experience were examined. The control group consisted of 92 young cadets of military school aged 18-20 years, who had previous sports training, but were not engaged in wrestling. To determine the quantitative content of trace elements, the hair was cut from the back of the head for the entire length in an amount of at least 0.1 g. an examined using the mass spectrometer ICP-MS Agilent 7900. Strong positive correlations were found for sodium with potassium and rubidium, magnesium with calcium, potassium with rubidium, and rubidium with caesium among wrestlers. Wrestlers were found to have higher levels of a number of macro- and microelements, including toxic ones.