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1.
AoB Plants ; 15(6): plad075, 2023 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38028749

RESUMO

Low-temperature adaptation in rice is mediated by the ability of a genotype to tolerate chilling temperatures. A genetic locus on chromosome 11 was analysed for chilling tolerance at the plumule stage in rice. The tolerant allele of A58, a japonica landrace in Japan, was inherited as a recessive gene (ctp-1A58), whereas the susceptible alleles from wild rice (Ctp-1W107) and modern variety (Ctp-1HY) were the dominant genes. Another recessive tolerant allele (ctp-1Silewah) was found in a tropical japonica variety (Silewah). Fine-mapping revealed that a candidate gene for the ctp-1 locus encoded a protein similar to the nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) protein, in which frameshift mutation by a 73 bp-deletion might confer chilling tolerance in ctp-1A58. Analysis of near-isogenic lines demonstrated that ctp-1A58 imparted tolerance effects only at severe chilling temperatures of 0.5 °C and 2 °C, both at plumule and seedling stages. Chilling acclimation treatments at a wide range of temperatures (8 °C-16 °C) for 72 h concealed the susceptible phenotype of Ctp-1W107 and Ctp-1HY. Furthermore, short-term acclimation treatment of 12 h at 8 °C was enough to be fully acclimated. These results suggest that the NLR gene induces a susceptible response upon exposure to severe chilling stress, however, another interacting gene(s) for acclimation response could suppress the maladaptive phenotype caused by the Ctp-1 allele. This study provides new insights for the adaptation and breeding of rice in a low-temperature environment.

2.
Physiol Plant ; 175(3): e13940, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37253942

RESUMO

Grape compound buds adapt to subfreezing temperatures in winter by supercooling, but the supercooling ability is thought to be lost upon formation of xylem connections between canes and buds. It was reported that compound buds of the Vitis vinifera variety 'Chardonnay' lack xylem cells in mid-winter, and that vessels differentiate during deacclimation. However, the pattern of vessel formation in compound buds may differ in cold-hardy Vitis species and interspecific hybrid varieties grown in colder regions. We investigated vessel formation in compound buds of the interspecific hybrid variety 'Yamasachi', which were harvested in mid-winter, during artificial deacclimation treatments. Before these treatments, 'Yamasachi' buds had a high supercooling ability (approx. -30°C) and contained cells with characteristics of vessel elements, that is, secondary wall thickening and lignification, at the basal parts. However, the cells still contained organelles and did not have a hydraulic conductivity function. Xylem continuity between the canes and buds was established from day 7 of deacclimation at 20°C. The different pattern of seasonal vessel formation in compound buds of 'Yamasachi' from that of V. vinifera may reflect the rapid development traits of Vitis species growing in cold regions with short growing seasons.


Assuntos
Vitis , Temperatura Baixa , Temperatura , Xilema , Estações do Ano
3.
Plant Cell Physiol ; 62(12): 1858-1866, 2021 Dec 27.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34240199

RESUMO

Our general understanding of plant responses to sub-zero temperatures focuses on mechanisms that mitigate stress to the plasma membrane. The plant cell wall receives comparatively less attention, and questions surrounding its role in mitigating freezing injury remain unresolved. Despite recent molecular discoveries that provide insight into acclimation responses, the goal of reducing freezing injury in herbaceous and woody crops remains elusive. This is likely due to the complexity associated with adaptations to low temperatures. Understanding how leaf cell walls of herbaceous annuals promote tissue tolerance to ice does not necessarily lead to understanding how meristematic tissues are protected from freezing by tissue-level barriers formed by cell walls in overwintering tree buds. In this mini-review, we provide an overview of biological ice nucleation and explain how plants control the spatiotemporal location of ice formation. We discuss how sugars and pectin side chains alleviate adhesive injury that develops at sub-zero temperatures between the matrix polysaccharides and ice. The importance of site-specific cell-wall elasticity to promote tissue expansion for ice accommodation and control of porosity to impede ice growth and promote supercooling will be presented. How specific cold-induced proteins modify plant cell walls to mitigate freezing injury will also be discussed. The opinions presented in this report emphasize the importance of a plant's developmental physiology when characterizing mechanisms of freezing survival.


Assuntos
Aclimatação , Parede Celular/metabolismo , Temperatura Baixa , Congelamento , Plantas/metabolismo
4.
Cryobiology ; 101: 44-51, 2021 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34144014

RESUMO

In high-latitude regions, the cold hardiness of buds and canes of grapevine is important for budburst time and yield in the next season. The freezing resistance of buds and canes sampled from six wine grapes currently cultivated in Hokkaido, Japan, all of them grown from autumn to winter, was investigated. A significant difference between the cultivars in their freezing resistance was detected in the buds harvested in winter. In addition, outstanding differences in the lower temperature exotherms (LTE) related to the supercooling ability of tissue cells happened in the winter buds, and there is a close relationship between freezing resistance and LTE detected in the winter buds. This suggests that the supercooling ability of tissue cells in winter buds is strongly related to the freezing resistance. However, detailed electron microscopy exposed that the differences in freezing resistance among cultivars appeared in freezing behavior of leaf primordium rather than apical meristem. This indicated that as the water mobility from the bud apical meristem to the spaces around the cane phloem progressed, the slightly dehydrated cells improved the supercooling ability and increased the freezing resistance.


Assuntos
Vitis , Vinho , Bengala , Criopreservação/métodos , Congelamento , Japão , Estações do Ano
5.
Oncotarget ; 11(38): 3526-3530, 2020 Sep 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33014288

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia was initially recognized as a marker representing the nutritional condition or aging. Recently, sarcopenia has been associated with a poor prognosis and postoperative complications. We examined the importance of sarcopenia as a predictive marker of the prognosis in penile cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 25 patients diagnosed with penile cancer who underwent penile resection from 2000 to 2010 were analyzed in this study. The psoas muscle index (PMI) was calculated based on psoas area using preoperative axial computed tomography images at the right L3 level divided by the square of the body height. RESULTS: Nineteen (76.0%) patients underwent partial penectomy, and 6 (24.0%) underwent total penectomy. The median (mean ± standard deviation) age was 69.3 (69.0 ± 10.1) years old. Regarding the site of penile cancer, 17 (76.0%) cases were in the glans, 6 (24.0%) were in the foreskin, and 2 (8.0%) were in the shaft. Lymph node metastasis were seen in 6 cases (24.0%), and distant metastasis was seen in 1 case (4.0%). The lower PMI group (< 320.0) showed a significantly poorer progression-free survival than the higher PMI group (≥ 320.0) (p = 0.030), although no significant difference in the overall survival was noted (p = 0.076). CONCLUSIONS: Sarcopenia might be a useful prognostic factor in penile cancer patients.

6.
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem ; 84(12): 2597-2608, 2020 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32856556

RESUMO

Hydroxyl radical (•OH) is considered to be the most damaging among reactive oxygen species. Although afew studies have reported on its effects on growth and stress adaptation of plants, no detailed studies have been performed using •OH in germination and early seedling growth under abiotic stresses. Here we report a single seed treatment with •OH on germination and seedling growth of Arabidopsis and rice under non-stressed (ambient) and various abiotic-stressed conditions (chilling, high temperature, heat, and salinity). The treatment resulted in faster seed germination and early seedling growth under non-stressed conditions, and, interestingly, these effects were more prominent under abiotic stresses. In addition, Arabidopsis seedlings from treated seeds showed faster root growth and developed more lateral roots. These results show apositive and potential practical use for •OH in model and crop plants for direct seeding in the field, as well as improvement of tolerance against emerging stresses. Abbreviations: AUC: area under curve; MGT: mean germination time; t50: time to reach 50% germination; U7525: time for uniform germination from 25% to 75%; ROS: reactive oxygen species; GSI: germination speed index; SI: stress index; DI: dormancy index.


Assuntos
Arabidopsis/efeitos dos fármacos , Germinação/efeitos dos fármacos , Oryza/efeitos dos fármacos , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Sementes/efeitos dos fármacos , Sementes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Estresse Fisiológico/efeitos dos fármacos , Arabidopsis/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Arabidopsis/fisiologia , Radical Hidroxila/farmacologia , Oryza/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Oryza/metabolismo , Oryza/fisiologia
7.
J Plant Physiol ; 253: 153248, 2020 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32862035

RESUMO

Dormant compound buds of grapevines adapt to subfreezing temperatures through a freezing avoidance mechanism. One still-unclear question, however, is whether supercooled water in primordial cells of dormant grape buds are partially dehydrated under subfreezing temperatures. In this study, we used differential thermal analysis (DTA) and cryo-scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM) to look for partial dehydration of primordial cells of the freezing-resistant interspecific hybrid cultivar 'Yamasachi'. According to DTA, the freezing temperature of supercooled water in primary buds was not significantly affected by cooling rates between 2 and 5 °C/h; however, maintaining the bud temperature at -15 °C for 12 h followed by cooling at a rate of 5 °C/h depressed the freezing temperature. As revealed by cryo-SEM observation, many wrinkles were present on inner surfaces of walls and outer surfaces of plasma membranes of leaf primordial cells in dormant buds frozen to -15 °C. These results suggest the existence of partial dehydration in dormant-bud primordial cells under subfreezing temperatures. The apparent absence of extracellular ice crystals in bud primordial tissues under subfreezing temperatures suggests that Yamasachi dormant buds adapt to subfreezing temperatures by extraorgan freezing. When we coated primary buds with silicone oil to inhibit freeze dehydration of primordial cells, the freezing temperature of buds was slightly but significantly increased. This result suggests that the partial dehydration of cells promotes bud supercooling capability and has an important role in the freezing adaptation mechanism of grapevines.


Assuntos
Vitis/fisiologia , Aclimatação , Quimera , Temperatura Baixa , Desidratação , Congelamento , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Folhas de Planta/fisiologia , Folhas de Planta/ultraestrutura , Vitis/ultraestrutura , Água/fisiologia
8.
Case Rep Oncol ; 12(3): 885-889, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31911773

RESUMO

Castleman's disease was first reported in 1954 by Castleman et al. and identified as an uncommon lymphoproliferative disorder. In most cases, Castleman's diseases are detected in the chest, head, and neck. A 71-year-old man was referred to our hospital due to a retroperitoneal tumor in the para-aortic area by computed tomography (CT). Positron emission tomography-CT revealed an uptake in this tumor, suggesting malignant diseases. Laparoscopic tumorectomy was performed, and the pathological diagnosis was Castleman's disease, hyaline vascular type. No evidence of recurrence was observed 20 months after surgery. We herein report a rare case of retroperitoneal Castleman's disease.

9.
Case Rep Oncol ; 12(3): 880-884, 2019.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31911772

RESUMO

IgG4-related disease is diagnosed when both the elevation of the serum IgG4 level and invasion of IgG4-positive interstitial cells and sclerosis to a tumor are noted. Some cases have demonstrated malignant disease. In the head and neck lesion in particular, IgG4-producing mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma has arisen during the treatment of IgG4-related disease. We herein report the first case of IgG4-producing MALT lymphoma during the treatment of IgG4-related disease in the renal hilum. A 79-year-old man was being followed for autoimmune pancreatitis and IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis. During follow-up, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography detected a mass in the renal hilum, so he was referred to our department for a further examination. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography detected a standard uptake of 9.7, and the tumor size was gradually increasing. Due to these findings, laparoscopic nephro-ureterectomy was performed. A pathological examination revealed IgG4-producing marginal zone B cell lymphoma. We herein report a rare case of IgG4-producing B cell lymphoma in the renal hilum.

10.
Adv Exp Med Biol ; 1081: 129-147, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30288708

RESUMO

Boreal trees possess very high freezing resistance, which is induced by short-day length and low temperatures, in order to survive severe subzero temperatures in winter. During autumn, cooperation of photoreceptors and circadian clock system perceiving photoperiod shortening results in growth cessation, dormancy development, and first induction of freezing resistance. The freezing resistance is further enhanced by subsequent low temperature during seasonal cold acclimation with concomitant changes in various morphological and physiological features including accumulation of sugars and late embryogenesis abundant proteins. The mechanism of adaptation to freezing temperatures differs depending on the type of tissue in boreal trees. For example, bark, cambium, and leaf cells tolerate freezing-induced dehydration by extracellular freezing, whereas xylem parenchyma cells avoid intracellular freezing by deep supercooling. In addition, dormant buds in some trees respond by extraorgan freezing. Boreal trees have evolved overwintering mechanisms such as dormancy and high freezing resistance in order to survive freezing temperatures in winter.


Assuntos
Aclimatação , Temperatura Baixa , Estações do Ano , Taiga , Traqueófitas/fisiologia , Árvores/fisiologia , Ritmo Circadiano , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização do Ritmo Circadiano/genética , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização do Ritmo Circadiano/metabolismo , Resposta ao Choque Frio , Metabolismo Energético , Congelamento , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Gelo , Transdução de Sinal Luminoso , Células Fotorreceptoras/fisiologia , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Traqueófitas/genética , Traqueófitas/metabolismo , Árvores/genética , Árvores/metabolismo
11.
Adv Exp Med Biol ; 1081: 289-320, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30288716

RESUMO

Studies on supercooling-promoting substances (SCPSs) are reviewed introducing name of chemicals, experimental conditions and the supercooling capability (SCC) in all, so far recognized, reported SCPSs and results of our original study are presented in order to totally show the functional properties of SCPSs which are known in the present state. Many kinds of substances have been identified as SCPSs that promote supercooling of aqueous solutions in a non-colligative manner by reducing the ice nucleation capability (INC) of ice nucleators (INs). The SCC as revealed by reduction of freezing temperature (°C) by SCPSs differs greatly depending on the INs. While no single SCPS that affects homogeneous ice nucleation to reduce ice nucleation point has been found, many SCPSs have been found to reduce freezing temperatures by heterogeneous ice nucleation with a large fluctuation of SCC depending on the kind of heterogeneous IN. Not only SCPSs increase the degree of SCC (°C), but also some SCPSs have additional SCC to stabilize a supercooling state for a long term to stabilize supercooling against strong mechanical disturbance and to reduce sublimation of ice crystals. The mechanisms underlying the diverse functions of SCPSs remain to be determined in future studies.


Assuntos
Proteínas Anticongelantes/química , Crioprotetores/química , Congelamento , Gelo/análise , Cristalização , Modelos Químicos
12.
Oncol Lett ; 15(5): 8102-8106, 2018 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29731917

RESUMO

Primary penile cancer is a rare disease. Higher incidence rates occur in underdeveloped countries. Many studies have suggested an association between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and penile cancer. Although HPV can affect the squamous epithelium of the male genitalia similarly to the female genital tract, the association between penile cancer and HPV remains unclear. In the present study, the HPV gene expression was examined in penile cancer tissue using in situ hybridization (ISH). The present study included 41 cases in which penectomy was performed and 3 cases in which tumor resection was performed to treat pathologically-diagnosed penile cancer at Yokohama City University Medical Center, and its 7 affiliated hospitals between April 1990 and March 2010. The penile cancer tissue was subjected to an ISH analysis, and the clinicopathological features and prognosis were investigated. A total of 5/44 cases (11.4%) showed the expression of high-risk HPV. None of the patients showed the expression of low-risk HPV. The associations between the expression of high-risk HPV, and age, tumor location, tumor size, T stage, pathological differentiation, nuclear grade, Broder's classification, pattern of invasion, Y-K grade, vascular invasion, lymphoid invasion, koilocytosis and lymph-node metastasis were then examined. Patients with a well-differentiated status (P=0.044) and Broder's Grade 1 (P=0.019) showed a significantly lower rate of HPV positivity. The HPV expression was not significantly associated with cancer specific survival (P=0.932). ISH using INFORM HPV III does not detect the HPV genotype, this method is easy to employ and may be useful for the diagnosis of penile cancer tissue, similarly to cervical cancer.

13.
Cryobiology ; 80: 96-100, 2018 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29169970

RESUMO

Appropriate timing of cold deacclimation is an important component of winter survival of perennial plants, such as trees, in temperate and boreal zones. Recently, concerns about predicted global climate change disturbing deacclimation timing have been increasing. The relationship between ambient temperatures and the manner by which cells' freezing resistance changes is essential for forecasting the timing of deacclimation. In this study, Japanese white birch twigs that underwent deacclimation treatment at a constant temperature of -2, 0, 4, 10, or 20 °C were separated into bark in which cells adapted to subfreezing temperatures by extracellular freezing and xylem in which cells adapted to subfreezing temperatures by deep supercooling, and the freezing resistance of cells in each tissue type was investigated by measuring percentage electrolyte leakage. Birch cells deacclimated in a different manner according to tissue type. Within 7 days under deacclimation treatment, xylem cells decreased their freezing resistance significantly at a high subfreezing temperature (-2 °C). In contrast, bark cells required a temperature of 10 or 20 °C for a detectable decrease in freezing resistance to occur within the same period. At a temperature lower than 0 °C, bark cells did not decrease their freezing resistance, even after 28 days of treatment. The difference in freezing behavior of cells might involve the difference in how deacclimation occurred in bark and xylem cells.


Assuntos
Aclimatação/fisiologia , Betula/fisiologia , Casca de Planta/citologia , Xilema/citologia , Mudança Climática , Temperatura Baixa , Congelamento , Temperatura Alta , Estações do Ano , Temperatura de Transição
14.
BMC Cancer ; 16: 396, 2016 07 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27386948

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a simple marker of the systemic inflammatory response, has been demonstrated to correlate with patient outcomes for various solid malignancies. We investigated the utility of the pretreatment NLR as a prognosticator in patients who presented with penile cancer. METHODS: A total of 41 patients who underwent complete blood count with differential and subsequent radical penectomy from 1988 to 2014 were analyzed. We assessed the correlation between the NLR and the prognosis of penile cancer. RESULTS: The median and mean (± SD) NLRs in 41 penile cancer patients were 3.42 and 5.03 ± 4.99, respectively. Based on the area under receiver operator characteristic curve, the cut-off value of NLR was determined to be 2.82. Patients with a high NLR (≥2.82) showed a significantly poorer cancer-specific survival (p = 0.023) than those with a low NLR. CONCLUSIONS: The pretreatment NLR may function as a biomarker that precisely predicts the prognosis in patients with penile cancer.


Assuntos
Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/mortalidade , Neutrófilos/citologia , Neoplasias Penianas/mortalidade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Área Sob a Curva , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Humanos , Contagem de Linfócitos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Penianas/patologia , Prognóstico , Curva ROC , Análise de Sobrevida
15.
Mol Plant ; 9(3): 417-427, 2016 Mar 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26708605

RESUMO

Water stress is one of the major environmental stresses that affect agricultural production worldwide. Water loss from plants occurs primarily through stomatal pores. Here, we report that an Oryza sativa half-size ATP-binding cassette (ABC) subfamily G protein, RCN1/OsABCG5, is involved in stomatal closure mediated by phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation in guard cells. We found that the GFP-RCN1/OsABCG5-fusion protein was localized at the plasma membrane in guard cells. The percentage of guard cell pairs containing both ABA and GFP-RCN1/OsABCG5 increased after exogenous ABA treatment, whereas they were co-localized in guard cell pairs regardless of whether exogenous ABA was applied. ABA application resulted in a smaller increase in the percentage of guard cell pairs containing ABA in rcn1 mutant (A684P) and RCN1-RNAi than in wild-type plants. Furthermore, polyethylene glycol (drought stress)-inducible ABA accumulation in guard cells did not occur in rcn1 mutants. Stomata closure mediated by exogenous ABA application was strongly reduced in rcn1 mutants. Finally, rcn1 mutant plants had more rapid water loss from detached leaves than the wild-type plants. These results indicate that in response to drought stress, RCN1/OsABCG5 is involved in accumulation of ABA in guard cells, which is indispensable for stomatal closure.


Assuntos
Membro 5 da Subfamília G de Transportadores de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP/metabolismo , Membrana Celular/metabolismo , Oryza/citologia , Oryza/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Estômatos de Plantas/anatomia & histologia , Membro 5 da Subfamília G de Transportadores de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP/química , Membro 5 da Subfamília G de Transportadores de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP/genética , Secas , Mutação , Oryza/anatomia & histologia , Oryza/fisiologia , Proteínas de Plantas/química , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Multimerização Proteica , Estrutura Quaternária de Proteína , Transporte Proteico , Estresse Fisiológico , Regulação para Cima
16.
J Exp Bot ; 66(7): 1965-75, 2015 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25662846

RESUMO

Ultrasonic acoustic emission (UAE) methods have been applied for the detection of freeze-thaw-induced embolism formation in water conduits of tree species. Until now, however, the exact source(s) of UAE has not been identified especially in angiosperm species, in which xylem tissues are composed of diverse types of cells. In this study, UAE was recorded from excised branches of walnut (Juglans regia cv. Franquette) during freeze-thaw cycles, and attempts were made to characterize UAEs generated by cavitation events leading to embolism formation according to their properties. During freeze-thaw cycles, a large number of UAEs were generated from the sample segments. However, the cumulative numbers of total UAE during freeze-thawing were not correlated with the percentage loss of hydraulic conductivity after thawing, suggesting that the sources of UAE were not only cavitation leading to embolism formation in vessels. Among the UAEs, cumulative numbers of UAEs with absolute energy >10.0 fJ strongly correlated with the increase in percentage loss of hydraulic conductivity. The high absolute energy of the UAEs might reflect the formation of large bubbles in the large lumen of vessels. Therefore, UAEs generated by cavitation events in vessels during freeze-thawing might be distinguished from other signals according to their magnitudes of absolute energy. On the other hand, the freezing of xylem parenchyma cells was followed by a certain number of UAEs. These results indicate the possibility that UAE methods can be applied to the detection of both freeze-thaw-induced embolism and supercooling breakdown in parenchyma cells in xylem.


Assuntos
Juglans/fisiologia , Transpiração Vegetal , Estresse Fisiológico , Xilema/fisiologia , Congelamento , Células do Mesofilo , Caules de Planta/fisiologia , Árvores , Ultrassom , Água/fisiologia
17.
Hinyokika Kiyo ; 60(10): 469-74, 2014 Oct.
Artigo em Japonês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25391775

RESUMO

We investigated the incidence of inguinal lymph node metastasis in 66 penile cancer patients with no palpable or visibly enlarged inguinal lymph nodes (cN0). Median follow up interval was 35. 7 months. During follow up, 14 patients (21.2%) had inguinal lymph node metastasis and 6 patients died of cancer. Five-year disease-free survival was 77.3%. Univariate analysis demonstrated that local tumor staging (T), differentiation, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and tumor infiltration pattern (INF, Yamamoto-Kohama grading system) were associated with the incidence of inguinal lymphnode metastasis. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that only LVI was associated with incidence of inguinal lymph node metastasis (p = 0.008, Hazard ratio 17.947). According to EAU risk classification, the incidence of inguinal lymph node metastasis in the low-risk group, intermediate risk group and high-risk group was 12.0, 17.6 and 55.6%, respectively. In conclusion, LVI is an independent prognostic factor for inguinal lymph node metastasis in cN0 penile cancer. Furthermore, EAU risk classification is valid judging from our cases and in incidence of inguinal lymph node metastasis. Either sentinel node biopsy or inguinal lymph node dissection is recommended in high and intermediate risk patient.


Assuntos
Linfonodos/patologia , Neoplasias Penianas/patologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Humanos , Metástase Linfática , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gradação de Tumores , Medição de Risco
18.
Hinyokika Kiyo ; 60(2): 61-7, 2014 Feb.
Artigo em Japonês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24755815

RESUMO

We performed additional administration of dutasteride in patients who did not respond sufficiently to α1-adrenoceptor antagonist treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (LUTS/BPH). Among 76 registered patients, efficacy was analyzed in 58 patients. International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), subscores for voiding and storage symptoms and quality of life (QOL) on the IPSS, and Overactive Bladder Symptom Score (OABSS) were all significantly improved from the third month of administration compared to the time of initiating additional administration of dutasteride. Additional administration of dutasteride also significantly reduced prostate volume, and residual urine with the exception of the sixth month after administration. Age at initiation of administration and voiding symptom subscore on the IPSS were clinical factors affecting the therapeutic effects of dutasteride. The rate of improvement with treatment decreased with increasing age at initiation of dutasteride administration, and increased as voiding symptom subscore on the IPSS increased. Therefore, additional administration of dutasteride appears useful for cases of LUTS/BPH in which a sufficient response is not achieved with α1-adrenoceptor antagonist treatment. Because patients who have severe voiding symptoms or begin dutasteride at an early age may be expected to respond particularly well to dutasteride in terms of clinical efficacy, they were considered to be suitable targets for additional administration.


Assuntos
Inibidores de 5-alfa Redutase/administração & dosagem , Antagonistas de Receptores Adrenérgicos alfa 1/uso terapêutico , Azasteroides/administração & dosagem , Hiperplasia Prostática/tratamento farmacológico , Transtornos Urinários/tratamento farmacológico , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Quimioterapia Combinada , Dutasterida , Humanos , Masculino , Hiperplasia Prostática/complicações , Hiperplasia Prostática/fisiopatologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Micção , Transtornos Urinários/etiologia
19.
Hinyokika Kiyo ; 60(2): 95-8, 2014 Feb.
Artigo em Japonês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24755822

RESUMO

54-year-old male was introduced to our hospital in January 2012 for surgical treatment and chemotherapy. The pathological examination revealed well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the penis. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging indicated right inguinal and pelvic lymphadenopathy. We diagnosed the tumor to be unresectable radically and administered paclitaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (TPF) as neoadjuvant chemotherapy. After 3 courses of chemotherapy, the size of lymphadenopathy had become small enough to allow curative surgical treatment. Partial penectomy and lymph node dissection were performed after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. For 12 months after this radical treatment, the patient has been healthy with no local resurrence and no distant metastatic lesion. TPF chemotherapy for unresectable nodal metastasis from squamous cell carcinoma of penis was suggested to be effective.


Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/terapia , Terapia Neoadjuvante , Neoplasias Penianas/terapia , Quimioterapia Adjuvante , Cisplatino/administração & dosagem , Fluoruracila/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Taxoides/administração & dosagem
20.
Plant Physiol ; 164(2): 992-8, 2014 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24344170

RESUMO

Freeze-thaw events can affect plant hydraulics by inducing embolism. This study analyzed the effect of temperature during the freezing process on hydraulic conductivity and ultrasonic emissions (UE). Stems of 10 angiosperms were dehydrated to a water potential at 12% percentage loss of hydraulic conductivity (PLC) and exposed to freeze-thaw cycles. The minimal temperature of the frost cycle correlated positively with induced PLC, whereby species with wider conduits (hydraulic diameter) showed higher freeze-thaw-induced PLC. Ultrasonic activity started with the onset of freezing and increased with decreasing subzero temperatures, whereas no UE were recorded during thawing. The temperature at which 50% of UE were reached varied between -9.1°C and -31.0°C across species. These findings indicate that temperatures during freezing are of relevance for bubble formation and air seeding. We suggest that species-specific cavitation thresholds are reached during freezing due to the temperature-dependent decrease of water potential in the ice, while bubble expansion and the resulting PLC occur during thawing. UE analysis can be used to monitor the cavitation process and estimate freeze-thaw-induced PLC.


Assuntos
Congelamento , Magnoliopsida/fisiologia , Ultrassom , Água/fisiologia , Madeira/fisiologia , Desidratação , Estresse Fisiológico
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