Comparison of the Pull-Out Resistance of Grossly Decayed Primary Anterior Teeth Restored With Two Different Intracanal Posts: An In Vitro Study.

Background Severely damaged primary anterior teeth that require pulp therapy present a high risk of failure due to the loss of tooth substance, resulting from pre-existing decay and endodontic therapy. The ideal post material should have physical and mechanical properties similar to those of dentin. Another concern in restoring endodontically treated primary teeth is the need to find a material that can resorb similar to the natural tooth structure as a part of the exfoliation process, allowing normal eruption of permanent successors. Accordingly, there is no such material other than dentin itself. The introduction of biological dentin posts offers an excellent alternative for restoring such teeth. This study aimed to assess the effect of using dentin posts on the pull-out resistance of endodontically treated primary anterior teeth in comparison to glass fiber posts. Methodology A sample of 30 primary anterior teeth was collected from the outpatient clinic of the Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus University. A total of 15 freshly extracted permanent teeth with single roots were also collected from the outpatient clinic of the Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Damascus University. The roots of the permanent teeth were used to prepare 30 dentin posts using a CAD-CAM machine. After receiving proper endodontic treatment, the primary teeth were divided into two groups (15 teeth in each group). The first group was restored with dentin posts, and the second was restored with glass fiber posts, with the posts measuring 3 mm in length for both groups. Pull-out resistance testing was performed using a Testometric machine. Results The arithmetic mean of the forces applied in the glass fiber posts group was 153.2 ± 39.12 N, while the arithmetic mean of the forces applied in the dentin posts group was 156.7 ± 39.78 N. The data were analyzed at a 95% confidence interval using the independent Student's t-test. There were no statistically significant differences in pull-out resistance between the two groups. Conclusions Dentin posts showed a little increase in pull-out resistance than glass fiber posts. Therefore, the use of dentin posts as intracanal retention in primary anterior teeth is a successful alternative for composite posts.

Evaluation of Bioceramic Putty in Pulpotomy of Immature Permanent Molars With Symptoms of Irreversible Pulpitis.

Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of both mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and bioceramic putty (Well-Root PT) in the pulpotomy of immature permanent molars diagnosed with symptoms of irreversible pulpitis. Materials and methods The study included 30 immature permanent molars with symptoms of irreversible pulpitis in 30 healthy children aged six to eight years. They were randomly distributed into the following two groups according to the material used: group 1 included 15 first permanent molars capped by MTA and group 2 included 15 first permanent molars capped by bioceramic putty. Clinical and radiographical evaluations of the treatment results were made after one week, three months, six months, nine months, and 12 months. Results The success rate in the bioceramic putty group was 93.3% clinically and radiographically after a 12 months follow-up, whereas in the group that underwent MTA treatment no cases of failure were registered with a 100% success rate. No statistical differences were observed between groups (p=0.309). The dentin bridge was formed in 60% of the MTA group and 33.3% of the bioceramic group without any statistically significant differences (p=0.272) after a 12 months follow-up. Conclusion Pulpotomy using biocompatible materials (MTA and bioceramic putty) on immature permanent molars with symptoms of irreversible pulpitis is considered acceptable and effective.

Evaluation of the Efficacy of Nasal Sedation Midazolam Compared with Dexmedetomidine in the Management of Uncooperative Children with Down Syndrome during Dental Treatment.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the intranasal administration of midazolam and dexmedetomidine in uncooperative children with Down syndrome. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 20 children with Down syndrome aged 5 to 11 years who were divided equally into two groups: Group 1 (experimental) nasal dexmedetomidine and Group 2 (control) nasal midazolam. The efficacy of both the drugs was evaluated according to Ohio State University Behavioral Rating Scale (OSUBRS), University of Michigan scale (UMSS), and Houpt general behavior scale. Results: Both substances have been effective in the management of children with Down syndrome. There were no statistically significant differences for Ohio State University Behavioral Rating Scale (OSUBRS) (P value = 0.631), University of Michigan scale (UMSS) (P value = 0.739), and Houpt general behavior scale (P value = 0.481). Conclusion: Both midazolam and dexmedetomidine nasal can be used to sedate children with Down syndrome.

Shaping Ability of Reciproc Blue Versus One Curve in Curved Canal: An In-Vitro Study.

The introduction of nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments improved the root canal preparation of the narrow and curved root canals, especially after the introduction of thermomechanical treated (NiTi) alloys that have a high flexibility to prepare the curved canal reducing the common clinical complication, such as fracture, the change of the original shape of the root canal as a result of the change in the curvature of the curved root canal, the change of the working length which caused by the creation of the ledges, canal transporting and zipping especially in medium and highly curved canal. This study aimed to compare the shaping ability of two heat-treated nickel-titanium single file systems using reciprocation motion and rotary motion in curved canals. Materials and methods Thirty extracted human teeth with one curved root at 25 to 56 degrees were used, two NiTi single file systems were used to prepare the curved root canal in two groups: Reciproc R25 (Munich, Germany: VDW) group (n=15) and One Curve (Besancon, France: Micro-Mega) group (n=15). Curved root canal instrumentation outcomes were evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Kruskal-Wallis with Bonferroni post hoc test was used to assess differences between working length, the angle and radius of curvature after instrumentation. Results There was a significant difference in angle and radius of curvature (-1.83° One Curve, -2.25° Reciproc blue and -0.18 mm One Curve, -0.19 mm Reciproc blue, respectively) (p<0.05) after instrumentation for both One Curve and Reciproc blue groups, and there was no significant difference in working length change (-0.16 mm One Curve, -0.32 mm Reciproc blue) after instrumentation of both One Curve and Reciproc blue groups (p>0.05). Conclusion The Reciproc blue single file system with reciprocation movement and One Curve with continuous movement cause a significant difference in curvature and radius of curved root canal affecting the original shape of the root canal with no significant difference in working length of the curved root canal.

Efficacy evaluation of pepsin enzyme-based gel in chemo-mechanical caries removal on primary anterior teeth: a randomized controlled clinical study / Avaliação da eficácia do gel à base de enzima pepsina na remoção químico-mecânica da cárie em dentes anteriores decíduos: um estudo clínico controlado randomizado

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a new pepsin enzyme-based gel compared with Carisolv as a CMCR agent. Clinical and radiographical evaluations of recurrent caries were made 3 and 6 months after treatment. Material and Methods: A split-mouth designed randomized controlled clinical study was carried out on 40 primary anterior teeth of children aged between 4-7 years. Pepsin enzyme-based gel and Carisolv solution were applied to carious lesions until complete removal of caries. The efficacy of both agents was evaluated by the number of application times to remove all caries. Recurrent caries were evaluated clinically and radiographically after 3 and 6 months of treatment. Results: Results showed no statistically significant differences in the efficacy of caries removal by the number of application times (P = 0.919). Concerning recurrent caries, clinical and radiographical evaluation after three and six months showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P = 0.574, P = 0.547, respectively). Conclusion: Pepsin enzyme-based gel can be considered similar to Carisolv gel regarding its efficacy as a CMCR agent for small carious lesions on primary anterior teeth in children aged 4-7 years old. (AU)

Objetivo: avaliar a eficácia de um novo gel a base de enzima pepsina comparada com o Carisolv como um agente na remoção químico-mecânica da cárie. Avaliações clínicas e radiográficas de cárie recorrente foram feitas em 3 e 6 meses apos o tratamento. Material e Métodos: um estudo clínico controlado randomizado de boca-dividida foi realizado em 40 dentes deciduos anteriores de crianças com idade entre 4-7 anos. Gel à base de enzima pepsina e a soluçao de Carisolv foram aplicados sobre a lesão cariosa até a completa remoção da carie. A eficácia de ambos agentes foi avaliada pelo número de tempo de aplicações para a remoção de todo tecido cariado. Cárie recorrente foi avaliada clinicamente e radiograficamente após 3 e 6 meses de tratamento. Resultados: Não houve diferença significativa na eficácia de remoção de cárie pelo número de tempo de aplicação (P = 0.919). Em relação à cárie recorrente, avaliação clínica e radiográfica apos 3 e 6 meses mostraram que não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os 2 grupos (P = 0.574, P = 0.547, respectivamente). Conclusão: o gel à base de enzima pepsina pode ser considerado similar ao gel Carisolv em relação a sua eficácia como um agente químico-mecânico na remoção da cárie para lesões cariosas pequenas em dentes anteriores decíduos em crianças entre 4-7 anos de idade.(AU)

Pain assessment following endodontic treatment using two automated systems compared to manual treatment in primary molars.

BACKGROUND: Root canal treatment in primary teeth is quite difficult and time-consuming, especially canal preparation. Pain is the most common negative outcome following root canal treatment, occurring hours or days after treatment. It is an unpleasant experience for both the patient and the dentist. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to assess the severity and duration of pain following the endodontic treatment of primary molars with the use of rotary and reciprocating preparation systems compared to the traditional manual method. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The research sample consisted of 157 asymptomatic primary lower second molars with non-vital pulp that were indicated for root canal treatment. The patients were randomly divided into 3 groups: in the 1st group, the molars (n = 52) were prepared using the manual method; in the 2nd group (n = 53), a reciprocating automated preparation system (WaveOne®) was used; and in the 3rd group (n = 52), a rotary preparation system (ProTaper Next®) was used. Pain assessment was carried out after 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h, and after 1 week, using a four-face facial pain scale. RESULTS: The manual method provided a higher pain score through 6, 12 and 24 h (p < 0.05) as compared to the 2 automated preparation systems. The intensity of pain did not vary between the 2 machine preparation systems after 6, 12 , 24, and 48 h (p > 0.05). There were no differences between the 3 methods after 72 h and after 1 week (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The manual method caused more pain than the other 2 preparation systems, but there was no difference between the 2 automated methods. Automated root canal preparation systems could be used to reduce the intensity of postoperative pain after the endodontic treatment of primary teeth.

[INFLUENCE OF BEVERAGES ON THE DENTOALVEOLAR SYSTEM (EXPERIMENTAL STUDY)].

The aim of the study was to determine the influence of various drinking liquids on an the dentoalveolar system in rats. The study was carried out on 25 white male rats from the nursery of Krolinfo branch of the Moscow region which were kept in standard vivarium conditions. Age of rats-3-6 months, weight - 150-200 grams. The study was carried out in accordance with the ethical principles of humane treatment of animals, in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation. To assess the effect of consumed fluids, groups of 5 animals of the same sex (males, females) were used. The animals were randomly assigned to groups. Observation of animals was carried out for 6 months, during this period the animals were in conditions of free access to food and as drink received the studied liquids ad libitum. Experimental groups within 3 months received the following types of drink: I (control group) - tap water; The II group - Coca-Cola; The III group - honey water; The IV group - the distilled water; The V group - light water. The results obtained by the authors and the data provided in literature confirm that among the factors that affect the teeth condition, in particular the characteristics of the hardness of enamel and dentin, the use of various sugar-containing drinks, as well as the duration, quantity, and frequency of their use, can play a significant role. These factors remain largely unexplored at present. It is obvious that in order to stop caries, it is necessary to develop and carry out a set of preventive measures, including limiting the consumption of sweets and beverages containing sugar, along with regular dental care and a balanced diet.