Smartphone usage and dietary habits associated with sugar-sweetened beverages preferences among Indonesian female university students.

High sugary beverages have recently gained popularity among young adults. This research aimed to determine the association between smartphone usage and dietary consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages among young female adults in Indonesia. This cross-sectional study conducted an online survey in Malang City. There were 217 female university students aged 18-25 years old who were eligible as participants. The dependent variable was a preference for SSBs consumption, while the independent variables included sociodemographics, BMI, food allergies, smartphone usage, and dietary habits. Chi-square and binary logistics were used to analyse the association between independent variables and SSBs. The results showed that 62.2% of respondents preferred to consume SSBs, and 12.9% of participants were classified as overnutrition (BMi>25). More than half of the respondents had breakfast every day, and a majority of them like to consume high carbohydrates (96.8%) and high-sugar snacks (55.3%). The binary logistic regression showed an association between BMI status, breakfast consumption, watching movies, and eating frequency with high sugar beverage consumption preference (p<0.05). Reducing sugar beverages consumption intervention should consider using media accessible with smartphone.

Proximate Analysis and Fiber Content of Smoothies Fortified with Chia Seeds.

Consuming adequate intake of fiber from fruit and vegetable is important to prevent metabolic disease. However consumption of fruit and vegetable in Indonesia still less than recommendation. Smoothies fortified with chia seeds has been develop to help achive adequate intake of fruit and vegetable. The objection of this study was to investigating proximate analysis and fiber content of smoothies fortified with various amount of chia seed (0 g, 2.5 g, 5 g and 7.5 g). This was a quantitative study with experimental design using four treatments. Proximat analysis perfomed with Gravimetry, Kjedahl, Soxhlet method for water and ash content, protein and lipid content. Carbohydrate content was test using by difference method. The addition of chia seeds increased the level of crude protein, lipids, carbohydrate and dietary fiber. Fortification of chia seeds in smoothies has improved nutritional content in our product and it became alternative ways to provide adequate intake of dietary fiber.

Effect of glutamine, glucose unhidrate and Moringa oleifera on blood lymphocytes in white mice (Rattus Novergicus) Wistar strain, following induction of a proteinenergy- deficient diet.

The aim of this research was studied the influence of giving Glutamine, Glucose Unhydrate and Moringa oleifera the blood lymphocyte of white rat (Rattus novergicus) Strain Wistar that was induced with protein energy malnutrtion (PEM). This was an experimental study with Completely Random Design, sample was white rats in PEM induced with parched rice for 15 days and those with normal diet with total 30 sample. The concluded is that there was a significant difference in the blood lymphocytes of white rats (Rattus novergicus) Strain Wistar gived glumorry with sig. (0.000) and glutamin + glucose unhydrate with sig. (0.001), while in the group gived Moringa oleifera there was no significant difference with sig. (0.076). Glumorry intervention has the highest level of significance by 19,2382 × 103/mm3 compared to all treatment groups. This suggests that the glumorry (Glucose Unhydrate, Glutamine, and Moringa oleifera) intervention successfully increased the lymphocyte count higher in the study sample with PEM condition compared to the group that was only given Glucose Unhidrat + Glutamine and the group that was only given Moringa Oleifera.

Personal characteristics, families, and community support associated with self-care behavior among Indonesian diabetic patients.

Self-care management is the way to prevent the complication in diabetes. However, adherence to self-care management is low. This study aims to assess the association of personal characteristics, supports the system, including families and community, with the self-care behavior among diabetes patients. A cross-sectional study was used in this research. 158 participants were randomly selected based on the primary health care database in Malang City, Indonesia. There are eight parts of the questionnaire as the instruments in this study. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association of all independent variables with self-care behavior as a dependent variable. This study showed that 60.80% of respondents had complications while the less practicing self-care behavior was 46.84%. Furthermore, the ordinal regression logistic showed that duration of DM (OR:4.347, 95%CI 1.671-11.310), illness perception (OR: 0.028, 95%CI 6.090-51.346), family supports (OR: 3.295, 95%CI 1.325-8.192), and community supports (2.802, 95%CI 1.209-6.493) were associated with self-care behavior among diabetes Mellitus. This finding can support the primary health care to involved family and community around diabetes patients to success the self-care management.

Is instant porridge with a high calcium content based on Moringa oleifera as an alternative baby food to prevent stunting in Indonesia?

BACKGROUND: According to WHO, stunting is a state of height-for-age index below minus two standard deviation. However, the condition could be prevented by giving suitable complementary food to babies and toddlers. Moringa leaves are rich in vitamins A, C, B6, as well as calcium, potassium, iron, as well as protein, and are therefore used as complementary foods for breast milk, in baby feeding. DESIGN AND METHODS: Instant porridge was developed using three formulas. Each formula comprised Moringa leaf flour (5, 6 and 7 grams each) combined with 30 grams of oatmeal powder, 40 grams of powdered formula, 10grams of refined sugar, and 5 grams of banana flour. RESULTS: Based on the organoleptic test, Formula 3 (created with 5 grams of Moringa leaf flour) was discovered to be the best. The organoleptic evaluation panel consisted of 3 trained and 30 untrained participants, while the statistical results showed the parameters of colour, texture, and taste, have no significant effect on panellists' acceptance. CONCLUSIONS: The flavour parameter has a significant effect on panellists' acceptance, with a p-value <0.05.

Birth Patterns and Delayed Breastfeeding Initiation in Indonesia.

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to examine the association between birth patterns (defined in terms of birth order and interval) with delayed breastfeeding initiation in Indonesia. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out using data from the Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey 2017. The weighted number of respondents was 5693 women aged 15-49 years whose youngest living child was less than 2 years old. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to evaluate associations between birth patterns and delayed breastfeeding initiation after adjusting for other covariates. RESULTS: This study found that 40.2% of newborns in Indonesia did not receive timely breastfeeding initiation. Birth patterns were significantly associated with delayed breastfeeding initiation. Firstborn children had 77% higher odds of experiencing delayed breastfeeding initiation (adjusted odds ratio, 1.77; 95% confidence interval, 1.02 to 3.04; p<0.05) than children with a birth order of 4 or higher and a birth interval ≤ 2 years after adjusting for other variables. CONCLUSIONS: Firstborn children had higher odds of experiencing delayed breastfeeding initiation. Steps to provide a robust support system for mothers, especially first-time mothers, such as sufficient access to breastfeeding information, support from family and healthcare providers, and national policy enforcement, will be effective strategies to ensure better practices regarding breastfeeding initiation.