Postoperative Epidural Fibrosis Prevention: Which Is Better–Autologous Fat versus Gelfoam

Methods@#The study was conducted on 100 adult patients. The patients were randomly allocated into two groups of 50 patients each: group A, autologous fat group, and group B, Gelfoam group. The postoperative follow-up was conducted at intervals of 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months. Both groups were evaluated clinically (Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire [ODI], Visual Analog Scale [VAS], Straight Leg Raising Test [SLRT]) and radiologically (using Ross grading by contrast magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) for development of radicular pain and hence EF. @*Results@#Based on the analysis, improvement in mean values of ODI score, VAS score, and SLRT were found to be statistically significant postoperatively at intervals of 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months when compared individually in both groups. However, improvement was greater in the autologous fat group than in the Gelfoam group. Based on contrast-enhanced MRI, the number of patients who developed EF was smaller in the autologous fat group than in the Gelfoam group. @*Conclusions@#In the present study, on clinical and radiological assessment, we conclude that both groups prevent radicular pain and postoperative EF individually but relatively autologous fat was found to be more effective than Gelfoam in the prevention of EF and hence radicular pain.

Patient satisfaction after open reduction and internal fixation through lateral extensile approach in displaced intraarticular calcaneal fractures (Sander's type II and III).

AIM: To determine patient satisfaction in the patients of displaced intraarticular calcaneal fractures treated with standard lateral approach. METHOD: The patients of displaced calcaneal fractures (Sander's type II and III) treated between March 2009 and March 2012 were included in the retrospective review and functional outcome was evaluated using American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) hind foot score, Creighton Nebraska Health Foundation Assessment (CNHFA) scale and foot function index (FFI). RESULT: The cohort included 26 patients (19 males: seven were females) with a mean age of 38.16 ± 13.53 years (range 18-64 years). The mean period of follow-up was 24.42 ± 6.68 months. The patients achieved good functional scores after anatomical reduction of the fracture. The complication rate was low following strict inclusion criteria. CONCLUSION: Careful patient selection in displaced intraarticular calcaneal fractures treated through lateral extensile approach achieves good patient satisfaction.

Minimally invasive osteosynthesis of distal tibial fractures using anterolateral locking plate: Evaluation of results and complications / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>PURPOSE</b>Soft tissue healing is of paramount importance in distal tibial fractures for a successful outcome. There is an increasing trend of using anterolateral plate due to an adequate soft tissue cover on ante- rolateral distal tibia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the results and complications of minimally invasive anterolateral locking plate in distal tibial fractures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This is a retrospective study of 42 patients with distal tibial fractures treated with minimally invasive anterolateral tibial plating. This study evaluates the bone and soft tissue healing along with emphasis on complications related to bone and soft tissue healing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Full weight bearing was allowed in mean time period of 4.95 months (3-12 months). A major local complication of a wound which required revision surgery was seen in one case. Minor complications were identified in 9 cases which comprised 4 cases of marginal necrosis of the surgical wound, 1 case of superficial infection, 1 case of sensory disturbance over the anterolateral foot, 1 case of muscle hernia and 2 cases of delayed union. Mean distance between the posterolateral and anterolateral incision was 5.7 cm (4.5-8 cm).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The minimally invasive distal tibial fixation with anterolateral plating is a safe method of stabilization. Distance between anterolateral and posterolateral incision can be placed less than 7 cm apart depending on fracture pattern with proper surgical timing and technique.</p>

Complications in the management of closed high-energy proximal tibial plateau fractures / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>PURPOSE</b>To report complications in the management of complex closed proximal tibial fractures.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the infectious and noninfectious complications encountered in the management of high-energy Schatzker type V and VI tibial plateau fractures. All patients were treated at the level 1 trauma centre between January 2011 and March 2014. Sixty two patients were included in the study. The mean patient age was (43.16 ± 11.59) years with 60 males and 2 females. Infectious complications like superficial and deep infection, wound dehiscence, malalignment in the immediate postoperative period and in follow-up period were noted.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The overall complication rate was 30.65% (19 out of 62). Infectious complications were noted in 20.97% cases (13/62). In majority of the cases (8/13), superficial infection was seen which managed with regular dressing and antibiotic administration. The patients (5/13) who had developed deep-seated infection were subjected to repeated debridements, flap coverage, implant removal or amputation depending upon the host response. Thirteen patients had experienced noninfectious complications. Hardware related complications were noticed in six patients and four among them received a secondary procedure. Malalignment was observed in seven patients but only single patient underwent subsequent operative intervention.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Proximal tibial plateau fractures especially Shatzker type V and VI are associated with extensive soft tissue damage even in closed injuries. The complications encountered in the management of these fractures can be minimized with appropriate patient selection and minimal soft tissue dissection.</p>

Neglected Thoraco Lumbar Traumatic Spine Injuries

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. PURPOSE: To outline the etiology, complications and management difficulties encountered in the management of neglected thoracolumbar spine injuries. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: The English literature describes overlooked diagnosis as the most common cause of neglected spine injuries. However, the reasons differ in developing or under-developed nations. Moreover, there is scarcity of literature about the neglected spinal injuries. METHODS: Patients presenting with thoracolumbar traumatic injuries who had not received any form of treatment for more than three weeks were included in the study. The demographic details, operative procedure performed and complications encountered, along with American Spinal Injury Association grade and spinal cord independence measure score recorded on the history sheets were noted. The data were analyzed. RESULTS: Forty patients were included in the study. Inadequate treatment at the first contact hospital (45%) followed by late presentation (38%) and missed injury (17%) were the major etiological factors for the neglected traumatic injuries in the thoracolumbar spine. The most common complications seen in the management of these cases were pressure sores (58%), back pain (57%), urinary tract infection (42%) and residual kyphotic deformity (42%). CONCLUSIONS: Management of neglected thoracolumbar injuries is challenging. The delay in presentation should not prevent spine surgeon in proceeding with operative intervention as good results can be expected.

Bilateral lipoma arborescens with osteoarthritis knee: Case report and literature review.

Lipoma arborescens is villous proliferation of synovium and is often unilateral in the absence of any systemic disease. We report a case of 54 year old male presenting with bilateral lipoma arborescens associated with osteoarthritis. The diagnosis is often difficult due to similar symptomatology of lipoma arborescens and osteoarthritis.